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dc.contributor.advisorDe Lucia, Vito
dc.contributor.authorAndreassen, Ingrid Solstad
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-26T10:25:03Z
dc.date.available2024-11-26T10:25:03Z
dc.date.issued2024-11-27
dc.description.abstractFishing alters marine biodiversity. This has been widespread knowledge for decades. Eliminating adverse impacts on vulnerable marine ecosystems and modifying fishing practices, so as to reduce the effects of fisheries on ecosystems, non-target species, and stocks, is together considered one of the main targets to safeguard global biodiversity (see COP CBD 2010). This highlights the need for urgent action to avoid replication of destructive fishing practices. Various normative approaches and principles have been developed in international law and policy to mitigate human-made pressures on marine ecosystems. One of them is the ‘ecosystem approach to fisheries.’ This thesis explores the implementation and operationalization of the ecosystem approach to fisheries in the context of tuna RFMOs. In particular, the PhD focuses on the objective of minimizing catch by lost, abandoned, or otherwise discarded fishing gear. It develops a case-study on how the norms and principles relevant to minimize impacts on marine ecosystems and non-target species from this kind of fishing gear are put into practice in and by the tuna RFMOs. The study of how norms and principles relevant to operationalize the ecosystem approach to fisheries is implemented in the tuna RFMOs reveals significant gaps between these obligations and what is currently done in and by these organizations. The study also identifies some of the key causes of these gaps. The constraints currently affecting the tuna RFMOs’ abilities to implement and operationalize the approach exist on multiple levels. This thesis highlights that as the member states of the tuna RFMOs carry the main responsibility for their functioning, they also possess the key to future conservation of marine ecosystems in high seas tuna fisheries.en_US
dc.description.abstractI flere tiår har det vært allment kjent at fiske endrer det marine biologiske mangfold og det har vært oppfordret til endringer i eksisterende fiskeripraksis. Ett hovedmål for å bevare verdens biologiske mangfold er å eliminere uønskede påvirkninger på sårbare marine økosystemer, samt endre utøvelsen av fisket for å redusere disse. Flere ulike rettslige tilnærminger og prinsipper av normativ karakter har blitt utviklet gjennom internasjonal rett for å minske menneskeskapte påvirkninger på marine økosystemer. En av disse er tilnærmingen om økosystembasert fiskeriforvaltning. Denne avhandlingen undersøker hvordan regelverket om økosystembasert fiskeriforvaltning gjennomføres i praksis. Studien ser på regionale fiskeriforvaltningsorganisasjoner med fokus på tunfiskorganisasjonene. Avhandlingen setter søkelys på de internasjonale rettslige forpliktelsene til å minimere spøkelsesfiske fra tapte, gjenstående og kasserte fiskeredskaper. Avhandlingen inneholder en casestudie som tar for seg de rettslige forpliktelsene for å minimere slikt spøkelsesfiske. Studien viser at det foreligger betydelige mangler. Avhandlingen identifiserer noen av årsakene for disse manglene, og finner at de regionale fiskeriforvaltningsorganisasjonene har flere utfordringer som vil kreve handling. Funnene fra avhandlingen tydeliggjør at medlemslandene i disse organisasjonene bærer ansvaret for hvordan organisasjonene fungerer og sitter på nøkkelen til bevaring av marine økosystemer for fremtiden.en_US
dc.description.doctoraltypeph.d.en_US
dc.description.popularabstractFishing alters marine biodiversity. This has been widespread knowledge for decades. This thesis explores the implementation and operationalization of the ecosystem approach to fisheries in the context of tuna RFMOs. In particular, the PhD focuses on the objective of minimizing catch by lost, abandoned, or otherwise discarded fishing gear. It develops a case-study on how the norms and principles relevant to minimize impacts on marine ecosystems and non-target species from this kind of fishing gear are put into practice in and by the tuna RFMOs. The study of how norms and principles relevant to operationalize the ecosystem approach to fisheries is implemented in the tuna RFMOs reveals significant gaps between these obligations and what is currently done in and by these organizations. The study also identifies some of the key causes of these gaps. The constraints currently affecting the tuna RFMOs’ abilities to implement and operationalize the approach exist on multiple levels. This thesis highlights that as the member states of the tuna RFMOs carry the main responsibility for their functioning, they also possess the key to future conservation of marine ecosystems in high seas tuna fisheries.en_US
dc.identifier.isbn978-82-93021-48-3
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/35825
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherUiT The Arctic University of Norwayen_US
dc.publisherUiT Norges arktiske universiteten_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2024 The Author(s)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)en_US
dc.subjectHigh seas fisheriesen_US
dc.subjectEcosystem approach to fisheriesen_US
dc.subjectGhost fishingen_US
dc.subjectCatch by lost, abandoned, or otherwise discarded fishing gearen_US
dc.subjectTuna RFMOsen_US
dc.titleCharting the Implementation of the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries in Tuna RFMOs: Challenges and Opportunities for Future Conservation of Non-Target Speciesen_US
dc.typeDoctoral thesisen_US
dc.typeDoktorgradsavhandlingen_US


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