Chapter VIII, Arctic Vulnerability: Examining Biosecurity Risks Amidst Climate Change

Abstract

Building on the objectives of a working paper, this chapter explores the intricate relationship between the Arctic Circle, climate change, and One Health. The Arctic is exceptionally susceptible to climate change, warming three times faster than the global average, leading to increased melting of snow, ice sheets, and permafrost. These changes heighten the vulnerability of flora, fauna, and Indigenous communities that thrive in this ecosystem. Additionally, thawing permafrost releases numerous toxins and revives dormant microorganisms, increasing biosecurity risks to human, animal, and plant health. Urgent enhancement of health surveillance is essential to identify and contain potential zoonotic disease outbreaks promptly. Informed by the One Health approach which emphasises the interconnection of environmental, animal, and human well-being, this working paper aims to enrich existing literature by systems mapping diverse One Health surveillance systems in this region. The overarching goal is to improve public health outcomes in the Arctic Circle by fostering transdisciplinary collaborations and addressing challenges associated with implementing the One Health framework in this vast and unique landscape. Aligned with the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, emphasising transformative actions for planet protection, this paper advocates for the successful integration of the One Health framework to improve the holistic health of the ecosystem. In doing so, it supports ecological education and contributes to the overall goal of safeguarding the planet.