Hepatic sinusoids are lined with thin endothelial cells with transcellular pores, termed fenestrations. These fenestrations are open channels that connect the sinusoidal lumen to the underlying Space of Disse (SoD) and the hepatocytes of the liver parenchyma. Fenestrations range from 0.05 to 0.35 µm in diameter and cover 5–15% of the sinusoidal endothelial surface area, depending on their location ...

Oxidized albumin (oxHSA) is elevated in several pathological conditions, such as decompensated cirrhosis, acute on chronic liver failure and liver mediated renal failure. Patient derived oxidized albumin was previously shown to be an infammatory mediator, and in normal serum levels of oxHSA are low. The removal from circulation of oxidized albumins is therefore likely required for maintenance of ...

Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells (LSEC) line the hepatic vasculature providing blood filtration via transmembrane nanopores called fenestrations. These structures are 50−300 nm in diameter, which is below the resolution limit of a conventional light microscopy. To date, there is no standardized method of fenestration image analysis. With this study, we provide and compare three different approaches: ...