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"Æ veit ikkje kor æ skal gå hænne nu..." En kvalitativ studie av pårørendes erfaringer med bruk av lokaliseringsteknologi hos hjemmeboende personer med demenssykdom
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2024-07-05)Sammendrag Norske kommuner står overfor store demografiske utfordringer. Store etterkrigskull kombinert med økende levealder gir en raskt økende andel eldre. En større andel eldre vil igjen innebære en betydelig høyere forekomst av demenssykdom i befolkningen. Denne utviklingen skjer parallelt med nedgang i antall yrkesaktive, noe som i fremtiden vil medføre mangel på personellressurser innen helse- ... -
Longitudinal associations between preschool children’s theory of mind, emotion understanding, and positive peer relationships
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-16)The positive links between children’s theory of mind (ToM), emotion understanding, and positive peer relationships are well established. However, the existing literature lacks comprehensive studies investigating the longitudinal interplay between these components in preschool-aged children. This study aimed to fill this gap by examining the concurrent and longitudinal associations between young ... -
Unge utenfor arbeidsliv og skolegang. Ute av syne, ute av sinn?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-11-13)Forskning viser at mange unge av ulike årsaker står langt utenfor arbeid og utdanning. Og selv om arbeidsledigheten er lav, øker andelen unge som blir ufør. Dette er en marginaliseringsprosess hvor de til slutt ender opp i ungt utenforskap. Forskning har i tillegg vist at stadig flere unge blir sykere og faller ut der de skal være inkludert. Psykiske lidelser er i økende grad en stor del av de høye ... -
Parenting sense of competence and associated factors among parents facing adversity in Norway: a cross-sectional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-15)Objective - Parenting sense of competence plays a central role in understanding the dynamics within a family and is central to positive parenting. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated parenting sense of competence among parents facing adversity. The study aimed to investigate self-reported parenting sense of competence (PSOC) and associated factors at individual, family, social and service ... -
Traumesensitiv opplæring for barn og unge som har opplevd krig og flukt. Kontekstualisering av Better Learning Program fra bruk i konfliktområder til norsk skolekontekst
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2024)De siste årene har millioner av mennesker blitt drevet på flukt. De fleste flyktninger som kommer til Norge opplever det som trygt å være her, men mange har utfordringer knyttet til integrering, språk, tilhørighet, sosial kompetanse og psykisk helse. Barn og unge er sårbare og trenger støtte i integreringsprosessen, som for eksempel psykososial støtte på skolen. Yrkesgrupper som jobber med barn og ... -
Engagement with mental health and health behavior change interventions: An integrative review of key concepts
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-12)Low intervention engagement is common in mental health and health behavior change interventions, but research on engagement is scattered, and heterogeneity in the definition and measurement of engagement is large. To aid future engagement research, we conducted an integrative review in which we 1) discuss definitions of engagement, 2) highlight four complementary models of engagement, and 3) ... -
Sexual Incentive Motivation and Sexual Behavior: The Role of Consent
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-22)The generalized social concern with sexual harassment and nonconsensual sex makes it imperative to incorporate notions of consent in any analysis of human sexual interactions. Such interactions follow an ordered sequence of events, starting with the perception of a sexual incentive, followed by an approach to it, genital interaction, and eventually orgasm. Consent from the partner is needed at ... -
Histomolecular Validation of [18F]-FACBC in Gliomas Using Image-Localized Biopsies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-18)Background: Gliomas have a heterogeneous nature, and identifying the most aggressive parts of the tumor and defining tumor borders are important for histomolecular diagnosis, surgical resection, and radiation therapy planning. This study evaluated [<sup>18</sup>F]-FACBC PET for glioma tissue classification. Methods: Pre-surgical [<sup>18</sup>F]-FACBC PET/MR images were used during surgery ... -
MORG1 limits mTORC1 signaling by inhibiting Rag GTPases
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-15)Autophagy, an important quality control and recycling process vital for cellular homeostasis, is tightly regulated. The mTORC1 signaling pathway regulates autophagy under conditions of nutrient availability and scarcity. However, how mTORC1 activity is fine-tuned during nutrient availability to allow basal autophagy is unclear. Here, we report that the WD-domain repeat protein MORG1 facilitates basal ... -
Epistasis arises from shifting the rate-limiting step during enzyme evolution of a β-lactamase
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-23)Epistasis, the non-additive efect of mutations, can provide combinatorial improvements to enzyme activity that substantially exceed the gains from individual mutations. Yet the molecular mechanisms of epistasis remain elusive, undermining our ability to predict pathogen evolution and engineer biocatalysts. Here we reveal how directed evolution of a β-lactamase yielded highly epistatic activity ... -
Comparative genomics of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli from broilers and humans in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-06)Background The usage of fluoroquinolones in Norwegian livestock production is very low, including in broiler production. Historically, quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (QREC) isolated from Norwegian production animals rarely occur. However, with the introduction of a selective screening method for QREC in the Norwegian monitoring programme for antimicrobial resistance in the veterinary sector ... -
The cGAS-STING signaling pathway is modulated by urolithin A
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-16)During aging, general cellular processes, including autophagic clearance and immunological responses become compromised; therefore, identifying compounds that target these cellular processes is an important approach to improve our health span. The innate immune cGAS-STING pathway has emerged as an important signaling system in the organismal defense against viral and bacterial infections, ... -
There and back again: The roles of morning- and evening commute recovery experiences for daily resources across the commute-, work-, and home domain
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-04-02)Commuting is a global phenomenon that has primarily been studied in terms of its costs. However, anecdotes and recent theorizing suggest that some employees enjoy their commutes. Is it, thus, possible that commuting can also be beneficial for employees? We integrate the Work–Home Resources model with the Conservation of Resources theory to conceptualize commuting as a source of recovery that ... -
Medication nonadherence and associated factors in patients with tuberculosis in Wau, South Sudan: a cross- sectional study using the world health organization multidimensional adherence model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-15)Background - Tuberculosis medication nonadherence is a multi-dimensional public health problem with serious consequences worldwide. There is little information available for medication nonadherence in South Sudan. This study assessed the proportion, reasons, and associated factors for nonadherence among patients with TB in Wau Municipality, South Sudan.<p> <p>Methods - A health facility based ... -
Assessing the prevalence of obesity in a Russian adult population by six indices and their associations with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-06)The anthropometric index that best predicts cardiometabolic risk remains inconclusive. This study therefore assessed the prevalence of obesity using six indices and compared their associations with obesity-related cardiometabolic disorders. We determined obesity prevalence according to body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body fat percentage and fat ... -
Preventing retraumatisation in torture survivors during surgical care: results of a guideline-development project and qualitative study exploring healthcare providers' experiences
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-22)Objectives - Insufficient training and the absence of guidelines increase the risk of retraumatisation in torture survivors during surgical procedures. This study aims to develop guidelines to mitigate this risk and gather healthcare professionals’ experiences treating torture survivors and insights on the guideline’s feasibility and acceptability.<p> <p>Design - The study was conducted in two ... -
Holdninger til fysisk aktivitet hos personer i Norge med primær totalprotese i kne eller hofte: En nasjonal spørreundersøkelse
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-20)Bakgrunn: I Europa øker andelen proteseoperasjoner. Samtidig går det fysiske aktivitetsnivået i befolkningen ned. Andelen med overvekt og fedme øker. Et transeuropeisk prosjekt for å promotere fysisk aktivitet hos pasienter etter proteseoperasjon ble derfor gjennomført. Denne artikkelen baseres på en delstudie som har kartlagt faktorer som bidrar å forklare holdninger til fysisk aktivitet hos pasienter ... -
penalizedclr: an R package for penalized conditional logistic regression for integration of multiple omics layers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-27)Background The matched case–control design, up until recently mostly pertinent to epidemiological studies, is becoming customary in biomedical applications as well. For instance, in omics studies, it is quite common to compare cancer and healthy tissue from the same patient. Furthermore, researchers today routinely collect data from various and variable sources that they wish to relate to the ... -
C-reactive protein point-of-care testing in primary care—broader implementation needed to combat antimicrobial resistance
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-19)This study presents the perspective of an international group of experts, providing an overview of existing models and policies and guidance to facilitate a proper and sustainable implementation of C-reactive protein point-of-care testing (CRP POCT) to support antibiotic prescribing decisions for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) with the aim to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR threatens ... -
Lung cancer reirradiation: Exploring modifications to utilization, treatment modalities and factors associated with outcomes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-29)Background: Patients treated for lung cancer (LC) often experience locoregional failure after initial treatment. Due to technological advances, thoracic reirradiation (re-RT) has become a viable treatment option. We sought to investigate the use of thoracic re-RT in LC patients over a time period characterized by technological advances in a large, multi-center cohort.<p> <p>Methods and materials: ...
