The aim of this article is to explore the implications for Arctic marine science of the treaty that is being negotiated under the auspices of the United Nations for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) from the perspective of the necessary institutional arrangements. Given that the institutional architecture will be crucial ...

<p>The regulation of foreign navigation in the Northern Sea Route (NSR) has been dominated by the rules of international law applicable to merchant ships only. Neither the domestic set of rules of navigation on the NSR, based on Article 234 of UNCLOS nor the Polar Code applies to State-owned vessels. While the application of Article 234 has so far let Russia evade discussion on the navigational ...

The 2010s was a busy decade for the Northern Sea Route (NSR). It started with the first shipping season to feature the international use of the NSR for commercial purposes, followed by a significant reform of the domestic legal regime, as well as the adoption of the Polar Code. The traffic has gradually picked up, and although the expectations of a significant surge in trans-Arctic navigation have ...

This chapter addresses the legal protection of the Sámi as Indigenous peoples in Norway and thus the laws that protect Sámi language, culture and way of life or, in other words, Sámi law. The chapter describes the development of Sámi law and Sámi legal protections over the past 30 years, with a primary focus on recent developments and current legal status. Through this review, the chapter summarises ...

Negotiations are ongoing to develop an international legally binding instrument (ILBI) under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ). If adopted, the ILBI will likely apply to parts of the Arctic Ocean where the Arctic Council has played an important role for ocean ...

This article deals with the duty to consult indigenous peoples and the obligation to involve these peoples in decision-making processes in matters that concern them. After a general review of international legislation and obligations, particularly the ILO Convention no. 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, the article focuses on how these obligations are implemented towards the indigenous Sámi in ...

Høringsuttalelse – forslag til midlertidig lov om endringer i rettens sammensetning mv. for å avhjelpe konsekvenser av utbrudd av Covid-19. Av Det juridiske fakultet på vegne av UiT Norges arktiske universitet.

Rapporten gir en fremstilling av regelverket knyttet til produksjon, areal- og lokalitetsforvaltning og områdesamarbeid i havbruksnæringen. Regulering av produksjonen har gjennom hele havbruksnæringens historie vært sentralt. Rapporten gir en historisk oversikt over sentralt regelverk for regulering av næringen fra 1970-tallet frem til gjeldende regulering. Miljøhensyn har fått stadig større fokus. ...

The demand for the utilization of agricultural resources for non-food purposes, such as feedstock, has been on the rise globally in recent times. This article seeks to examine the underlying reasons behind the boom in agricultural crops for biofuel feedstock. Cognizant of this peak in demand, the article aims to show how the right to adequate food is being restrained by large-scale land acquisition ...

Internationally, there is a trend toward a regulatory regime for corporate bribery with more emphasis on <i>ex ante</i> oversight and preventive systems, and less emphasis on investigations driven by suspected crime. Governments want the benefits associated with civil law regulation – including corporate self-regulation and the flexibility associated with non-trial resolutions, although such tools ...