Viser treff 340-359 av 942

    • History of the Tromsø ionosphere heating facility 

      Rietveld, Michael T.; Stubbe, Peter (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-22)
      We present the historical background of the construction of a major ionospheric heating facility, “Heating”, near Tromsø, Norway, in the 1970s by the Max Planck Institute for Aeronomy; we also detail the facility’s subsequent operational history to the present. Heating was built next to the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association (EISCAT) incoherent scatter (IS) radar facility and in a ...
    • Hon förebygger miljökatastrofer 

      Johansson, Malin; Avenius, Malin (Others; Andre, 2015)
      Det får inte hända. men om det ändå gör det behövs ny teknik för att mildra effekterna. Malin Johanssons forskning handlar om att förebygga miljökatastrofer, när oljebolagen söker sig allt längre in i Arktis.
    • Horizontal Correlation Functions of Wind Fluctuations in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere 

      Poblet, Facundo L.; Vierinen, Juha; Avsarkisov, Victor; Conte, J. Federico; Charuvil Asokan, Harikrishnan; Jacobi, Christoph; Chau, Jorge L. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-01)
      Measurements of kinetic energy in vortical and divergent fluctuations in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere can be used to study stratified turbulence (ST) and gravity waves. This can be done using horizontal correlation functions of the fluctuating component of velocity. This study introduces a novel method for estimating these correlation functions using radars that observe Doppler shifts ...
    • Horizontal electric fields from flow of auroral O+(2P) ions at sub-second temporal resolution 

      Tuttle, Sam; Lanchester, Betty; Gustavsson, Björn Johan; Keith Whiter, Daniel; Ivchenko, Nickolay; Fear, R. C.; Lester, Mark (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-14)
      Electric fields are a ubiquitous feature of the ionosphere and are intimately linked with aurora through particle precipitation and field-aligned currents. They exhibit order-of-magnitude changes on temporal and spatial scales of seconds and kilometres respectively which are not easy to measure; knowing their true magnitude and temporal variability is important for a theoretical understanding of ...
    • Horizontal Wavenumber Spectra of Vertical Vorticity and Horizontal Divergence of Mesoscale Dynamics in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Using Multistatic Specular Meteor Radar Observations 

      Poblet, Facundo; Chau, Jorge L.; Conte, J. F.; Avsarkisov, Victor; Vierinen, Juha; Asokan, Harikrishnan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-24)
      Specular meteor radars (SMRs) have significantly contributed to the understanding of wind dynamics in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). We present a method to estimate horizontal correlations of vertical vorticity (Qzz) and horizontal divergence (P) in the MLT, using line-of-sight multistatic SMRs velocities, that consists of three steps. First, we estimate 2D, zonal, and meridional ...
    • The Hotelling-Lawley trace statistic for change detection in polarimetric SAR data under the complex Wishart distribution 

      Akbari, Vahid; Anfinsen, Stian Normann; Doulgeris, Anthony Paul; Eltoft, Torbjørn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-01-27)
      In this paper we propose a new test statistic for unsupervised changedetectioninpolarimetricsyntheticapertureradar(PolSAR) data. We work with multilook complex (MLC) covariance matrix data, whose underlying model is assumed to be the scaled complex Wishart distribution. We use the complex kind Hotelling-Lawley (HL) trace statistic for measuring the similarity of two covariance matrices. The sampling ...
    • How Does El Niño–Southern Oscillation Change Under Global Warming—A First Look at CMIP6 

      Fredriksen, Hege-Beate; Berner, Judith; Subramanian, Aneesh C.; Capotondi, Antonietta (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-22)
      The latest generation of coupled models, the sixth Coupled Models Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), is used to study the changes in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in a warming climate. For the four future scenarios studied, the sea surface temperature variability increases in most CMIP6 models, but to varying degrees. This increase is linked to a weakening of the east‐west temperature gradient ...
    • HS 0705+6700: a new eclipsing sdB binary 

      Østensen, R.; Solheim, Jan Erik; Johannessen, F. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2001-10-09)
      We report the discovery of an eclipsing binary – HS 0705+6700 – being an sdB star with a faint companion. From its light curve the orbital period of 8263.87 s, the mass ratio of the system q = 0.28, the inclination of 84.◦4 and other system parameters are derived. The companion does not contribute to the optical light of the system except through a strong reflection effect. The semiamplitude of ...
    • Hubs and Hyperspheres: Reducing Hubness and Improving Transductive Few-shot Learning with Hyperspherical Embeddings 

      Trosten, Daniel Johansen; Chakraborty, Rwiddhi; Løkse, Sigurd Eivindson; Wickstrøm, Kristoffer; Jenssen, Robert; Kampffmeyer, Michael (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-22)
      Distance-based classification is frequently used in transductive few-shot learning (FSL). However, due to the high-dimensionality of image representations, FSL classifiers are prone to suffer from the hubness problem, where a few points (hubs) occur frequently in multiple nearest neighbour lists of other points. Hubness negatively impacts distance-based classification when hubs from one class appear ...
    • Hybrid graphene metasurface for near-infrared absorbers 

      Mahfuzur Rahman, MD; Raza, Aikifa; Younes, Hammad; Alghaferi, Amal; Chiesa, Matteo; Lu, Jin-You (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-19)
      We experimentally demonstrated an amorphous graphene-based metasurface yielding near-infrared super absorber characteristic. The structure is obtained by alternatively combining magnetron-sputtering deposition and graphene transfer coating fabrication techniques. The thickness constraint of the physical vapor–deposited amorphous metallic layer is unlocked and as a result, the as-fabricated graphene-based ...
    • Hydration dynamics and the future of small-amplitude afm imaging in air 

      Santos Hernandez, Sergio; Olukan, Tuza Adeyemi; Lai, Chia-Yun; Chiesa, Matteo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-23)
      Here, we discuss the effects that the dynamics of the hydration layer and other variables, such as the tip radius, have on the availability of imaging regimes in dynamic AFM—including multifrequency AFM. Since small amplitudes are required for high-resolution imaging, we focus on these cases. It is possible to fully immerse a sharp tip under the hydration layer and image with amplitudes similar to ...
    • Hyperspectral image classification based on a shuffled group convolutional neural network with transfer learning 

      Liu, Yao; Gao, Lianru; Xiao, Chenchao; Qu, Ying; Zheng, Ke; Marinoni, Andrea (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-01)
      Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely applied in hyperspectral imagery (HSI) classification. However, their classification performance might be limited by the scarcity of labeled data to be used for training and validation. In this paper, we propose a novel lightweight shuffled group convolutional neural network (abbreviated as SG-CNN) to achieve efficient training with a limited ...
    • Hyperspectral Nonlinear Unmixing by Using Plug-and-Play Prior for Abundance Maps 

      Wang, Zhicheng; Zhuang, Lina; Gao, Lianru; Marinoni, Andrea; Zhang, Bing; Ng, Michael K. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-16)
      Spectral unmixing (SU) aims at decomposing the mixed pixel into basic components, called endmembers with corresponding abundance fractions. Linear mixing model (LMM) and nonlinear mixing models (NLMMs) are two main classes to solve the SU. This paper proposes a new nonlinear unmixing method base on general bilinear model, which is one of the NLMMs. Since retrieving the endmembers’ abundances represents ...
    • IA-SSLM: Irregularity-Aware Semi-Supervised Deep Learning Model for Analyzing Unusual Events in Crowds 

      Aljaloud, Abdulaziz Salamah; Ullah, Habib (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-17)
      Analyzing unusual events is significantly important for video surveillance to ensure people safety. These events are characterized by irregular patterns that do not conform to the expected behavior in the surveillance scenes. We present a novel irregularity-aware semi-supervised deep learning model (IA-SSLM) for detection of unusual events. While most existing works depend on the availability ...
    • Ice extent in sub-arctic fjords and coastal areas from 2001 to 2019 analyzed from MODIS imagery 

      O'Sadnick, Megan Eileen; Petrich, Chris; Brekke, Camilla; Skardhamar, Jofrid (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-03)
      Results examining variations in the ice extent along the Norwegian coastline based on the analysis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images from 2001 to 2019, February through May, are presented. A total of 386 fjords and coastal areas were outlined and grouped into ten regions to assess seasonal and long-term trends in ice extent. In addition, three fjords were examined to ...
    • Ice extent in sub-arctic fjords and coastal areas from 2001 to 2019 analyzed from MODIS imagery 

      O'Sadnick, Megan; Petrich, Christian; Brekke, Camilla; Skarðhamar, Jofrid (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-03)
      Results examining variations in the ice extent along the Norwegian coastline based on the analysis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images from 2001 to 2019, February through May, are presented. A total of 386 fjords and coastal areas were outlined and grouped into ten regions to assess seasonal and long-term trends in ice extent. In addition, three fjords were examined to ...
    • Ice intelligence retrieval by remote sensing - Possibilities and challenges in an operational setting 

      Skarbø, Runa A.; Løset, Sveinung (Peer reviewed; Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2017)
      Detecting ice drift velocity when operating offshore in ice-covered waters is crucial during marine operations, as ice actions affect station keeping and ice management. Furthermore, other ice data/intelligence such as ice concentration and thickness are important parameters to determine ice resistance, evaluate performance of icebreakers and predict ice actions on structures. Different sensors are ...
    • ICEBEAR-3D: A Low Elevation Imaging Radar Using a Non-Uniform Coplanar Receiver Array for E Region Observations 

      Lozinsky, Adam; Hussey, Glenn; McWilliams, Kathryn; Huyghebaert, Devin Ray; Galeschuk, Draven (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-19)
      The Ionospheric Continuous-wave E region Bistatic Experimental Auroral Radar (ICEBEAR) has been reconfigured using a phase error minimization and stochastic antenna location perturbation technique. The resulting 45-baseline sparse non-uniform coplanar T-shaped array, ICEBEAR-3D, is used for aperture synthesis radar imaging of low elevation targets. The reconfigured receiver antenna array now has ...
    • ICEBEAR: An All‐Digital Bistatic Coded Continuous Wave Radar for Studies of the E Region of the Ionosphere 

      Huyghebaert, Devin; Hussey, Glenn; Vierinen, Juha; McWilliams, Kathryn; St‐Maurice, Jean-Pierre (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-15)
      The Ionospheric Continuous-wave E region Bistatic Experimental Auroral Radar (ICEBEAR) is a coherent scatter ionospheric radar. It operates at a frequency of 49.5 MHz, which is ideal for observing E region coherent echoes. The radar is located in Saskatchewan, Canada, and is operated by the University of Saskatchewan. The ICEBEAR system uses a continuous-wave (CW) signal and requires isolation between ...
    • Iceberg detection in open water and sea ice using C-band radar polarimetry 

      Akbari, Vahid; Brekke, Camilla (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-04)
      Icebergs can cause a significant danger for shipping, offshore oil exploration, and undersea or subsea pipelines and production facilities. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is very valuable tool of detecting and monitoring icebergs in the often dark and cloud-covered polar regions. Detection of small icebergs floating in nonhomegeous sea clutter environments is a challenging task in remote sensing. ...