• The acquisition of word order in L2 Norwegian: The case of subject and object shift 

      Anderssen, Merete; Bentzen, Kristine; Busterud, Guro; Dahl, Anne; Lundquist, Bjørn; Westergaard, Marit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-13)
      This article reports on a syntactic acceptability judgement study of 59 adult L2/Ln learners of Norwegian and a group of native controls, studying subject and object shift. These constructions involve movement of (mainly) pronominal subjects or objects across negation/adverbs. Both subject shift and object shift display considerable micro-variation in terms of syntax and information structure, ...
    • Cues and economy in the acquisition of verb movement 

      Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2004)
      In this paper we will discuss how economy principles interact with cues in the input in bilingual first language acquisition. We will look at the acquisition of verb placement in a child acquiring English and Norwegian simultaneously. Based on data from this child, it will be argued that when faced with ambiguous cues with respect to the verb movement parameter, children do not necessarily adopt the ...
    • Deep properties of surface pronouns : pronominal predicate anaphors in Norwegian and other Germanic languages 

      Bentzen, Kristine; Merchant, J; Svenonius, Peter (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2012)
    • Deep properties of surface pronouns: Pronominal predicate anaphors in Norwegian and German 

      Bentzen, Kristine; Merchant, Jason; Svenonius, Peter (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-10)
    • The degree of verb movement in embedded clauses in three varieties of Norwegian 

      Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2007)
      The position of the verb(s) in embedded non-V2 contexts varies in Norwegian dialects. In Eastern Norwegian (EastN), all verbs have to follow all adverbs in non-V2 contexts. In Tromsø Northern Norwegian (TrNN) main verbs and non-finite auxiliaries have to follow all adverbs, but finite auxiliaries may precede adverbs they take scope over. In Regional Northern Norwegian (ReNN) all finite verbs ...
    • Different outcomes in the acquisition of residual V2 and do-support in three Norwegian-English bilinguals: Cross-linguistic influence, dominance and structural ambiguity 

      Anderssen, Merete; Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-09)
      This paper investigates the acquisition of residual verb second (V2) in three corpora consisting of data from Norwegian-English bilinguals (Emma, Emily and Sunniva) in order to determine to what extent these structures are affected by cross-linguistic influence (CLI) from Norwegian V2. The three girls exhibit three different patterns with regard to the relevant constructions. They are very target-like ...
    • Embedded Verb Second (V2) 

      Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-22)
    • The form and position of pronominal objects with non-nominal antecedents in Scandinavian and German 

      Bentzen, Kristine; Anderssen, Merete (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-28)
      The present paper discusses a possible correlation between the placement of pronominal objects with non-nominal antecedents in Norwegian, and the use of the pronouns <i>es</i> ‘it’ and <i>das</i> ‘that’ in German. For Norwegian object shift (OS), it has been shown that while pronominal objects with non-nominal antecedents generally do not shift, this is not the case when these elements take on the ...
    • Introduction 

      Bentzen, Kristine; Vangsnes, Øystein Alexander (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2007)
    • The Middle Field 

      Bentzen, Kristine; Lundquist, Bjørn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-22)
      This section covers a wide range of phenomena that are related to what we can call the middle field of the clause. We have included chapters that deal both with the placement of arguments in the middle field (excluding argument structure inside the verb phrase, which is dealt with in the section on the verb phrase, see Lundquist 2014a), and chapters about auxiliaries and verbmorphology. The topic ...
    • Norwegian Object Shift as IP-internal topicalization 

      Anderssen, Merete; Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      In this paper we discuss the phenomenon of Object Shift in Norwegian, and we show that this operation is more complex and discourse related than what has traditionally been assumed. We argue that Object Shift cannot be accounted for in a purely prosodic approach. Rather, we demonstrate that a common denominator for all objects undergoing Object Shift is that they are topics. We thus propose that ...
    • Object Shift 

      Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-22)
    • On variation in Faroese verb placement 

      Garbacz, Piotr; Bentzen, Kristine; Heycock, Caroline; Hrafnbjargarson, Gunnar Hrafn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2009)
    • Studies in Övdalian Morphology and Syntax: New Research on a Lesser-Known Scandinavian Language 

      Bentzen, Kristine; Rosenkvist, Henrik; Johannessen, Janne Bondi (Book; Bok; Peer reviewed, 2015)
    • Subject and object extraction from embedded clauses 

      Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-22)
    • Subject placement with respect to negation 

      Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-22)
      Most main clauses in the Scandinavian languages are subject-initial, which combined with the V2 (verb second) requirement means that the subject is immediately followed by the finite verb. However, in embedded clauses without verb movement in Mainland Scandinavian, as well as in non-subject-initial matrix clauses, the position of the subject may interact with the position of sentential adverbials ...
    • V-to-I movement in the absence of morphological cues: Evidence from adult and child Northern Norwegian 

      Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2003)
      Several people have pointed out that there seems to be a close correlation between inflectional morphology and verb movement (see e.g. Kosmeijer 1986, Holmberg & Platzack 1988). The nature of this correlation has been claimed to go in both directions. Vikner (1994, 1995) and Rohrbacher (1999) have both suggested that the verb can only move to an inflectional head if the morphology is rich enough. ...
    • Verb placement in clauses with initial adverbial 'maybe' 

      Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-22)
    • Verb placement in main and embedded clauses 

      Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-22)
    • Verb placement in relative clauses 

      Bentzen, Kristine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-22)
      The Scandinavian languages generally display V2 in main clauses (but see Bentzen 2014a, who discusses clauses introduced by maybe, which constitute an exception to this pattern). However, in embedded contexts, V2 is only available in certain restricted contexts, such as certain embedded that-clauses (see Bentzen 2014b). In most other embedded contexts, such as embedded wh-questions and relative ...