Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is the primary method that can measure the levels of metabolites in the brain in vivo. To achieve its potential in clinical usage, the reliability of the measurement requires further articulation. Although there are many studies that investigate the reliability of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), comparatively few studies have investigated the reliability of ...

Challenges related to the availability of fresh water in cold climate regions are discussed with emphasis on possible degradation of the quality of drinking water. The permafrost in this region has been consistent in making sure there is little drainage in the ground. This is important, as fresh water is mainly supplied through melting water from snow and ice in the many winter months. Climate ...

Space-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observations provide broad coverage of high-resolution snapshots of the sea surface conditions in polar regions. However, their potential has not yet been fully harnessed for meteorological applications. For instance, standard methods for SAR wind-vector retrieval rely on wind direction inputs from numerical weather prediction models, which hampers the ...

Anthropogenic stressors are causing fundamental changes in aquatic habitats and to the organisms inhabiting these ecosystems. Yet, we are still far from understanding the diverse responses of parasites and their hosts to these environmental stressors and predicting how these stressors will affect host–parasite communities. Here, we provide an overview of the impacts of major stressors affecting ...

Objective: Negotiation as an analytical concept in research about clinical encounters is vague. We aim to provide a conceptual synthesis of key characteristics of the process of negotiation in clinical encounters based on a scoping review.<p> <p>Methods: We conducted a scoping review of relevant literature in Embase, Psych Info, Global Health and SCOPUS. We included 25 studies from 1737 citations ...

The lack of coordinated global regulation of plastics with drivers such as increasing production and poor waste management continue to bring vast amounts of plastic pollution into our environments. Plastics are transboundary with often a complex value chain in production, use and waste handling and, until now, a fragmented regulatory response on how to solve this crisis. We utilize Abbott and Bernstein ...

The availability of public genomic resources can greatly assist biodiversity assessment, conservation, and restoration efforts by providing evidence for scientifically informed management decisions. Here we survey the main approaches and applications in biodiversity and conservation genomics, considering practical factors, such as cost, time, prerequisite skills, and current shortcomings of applications. ...

Introduction - ST waveform analysis (STAN) was introduced as an adjunct to cardiotocography (CTG) to improve neonatal and maternal outcomes. The aim of the present study was to quantify the efficacy of STAN vs CTG and assess the quality of the evidence using GRADE.<p> <p>Material and methods - We performed systematic literature searches to identify randomized controlled trials and assessed included ...

This paper presents the results from the project Language Infrastructure made Accessible (LIA) which had as its main goal to digitize and make accessible old recordings of spoken Norwegian and Sámi from various archives, first and foremost from the four partner institutions University of Oslo, University of Bergen, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, and UiT The Arctic University ...

We propose the Zn₂V(_1–x)Nb_xN₃ alloy as a new promising material for optoelectronic applications, in particular for light-emitting diodes (LEDs). We perform accurate electronic-structure calculations of the alloy for several concentrations x using density-functional theory with meta-GGA exchange–correlation functional TB09. The band gap is found to vary ...