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norskFakultet for naturvitenskap og teknologi: Nye registreringer
Viser treff 3141-3160 av 5433
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Learning Ahead of Crisis. A Study of Preparedness in the Arctic
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)The background for this thesis stems from the limited research into; and the challenges associated with development of preparedness in the Arctic. The main thesis question to answer is “How could social relations and cultivation of tacit knowledge improve preparedness in the Arctic?”. The thesis question is derived from the literature review and initial results of the pre-study of this thesis. The ... -
The individual’s ability to prepare: What significance does this have for the total defence and societal safety? A study of how citizen preparedness is related to municipal emergency preparedness planning
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)The world is changing. Some things get better while others get worse. We live in a vulnerable society and societal safety is something that both occupy most of us and is a safety factor in our everyday life. The authorities are responsible for societal safety, but it is also a responsibility for each of us to create common safety and an individual sense of security. The societal safety work is ... -
Interkommunalt beredskapssamarbeid i Finnmark. Motivasjonens betydning for å styrke kommunal beredskap
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-06-01)For mange kommuner er det utfordrende å prioritere tid og ressurser til å arbeide med kom-munal beredskap. Samarbeid kan være en nøkkelfaktor for å utveksle erfaringer, øke kompe-tanse og løse utfordringer knyttet til samfunnssikkerhet og beredskap. Denne casestudien be-lyser hvordan interkommunale beredskapssamarbeid kan påvirke kommuners motivasjon til å arbeide med beredskap. Det analytiske ... -
Utfordringer med å oppnå delt situasjonsforståelse i samvirke mellom innsatsledere. En kvalitativ studie av et nødetatsmiljø
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-29)Denne masteroppgaven har sin hensikt å belyse sentrale forhold i et samvirke som fremmer og hemmer delt situasjonsforståelse mellom innsatsledere. Ved større samvirkehendelser er nødetatene gjensidig avhengig av hverandre for å oppnå en god oppdragsløsning. Jeg har valgt å se nærmere på innsatsledere i nødetatene og forholdene knyttet til organisasjonsstruktur og kultur, innsatsledernes opplæring, ... -
Cooperation and resilience in remote communities. A case study of cooperation and resilience for emergency preparedness organizations on Svalbard
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)This study seeks to look at how cooperation can facilitate resilience for emergency preparedness organization in remote communities, illustrated through the emergency preparedness actors in Longyearbyen, Svalbard. Advocates of resilience argue that in a high risk environment, resilience is necessary for organization to avoid potential disasters and to prevent smaller events from escalating (Weick & ... -
Generisk beredskap - adekvat for å håndtere den neste store krisen? En casestudie av beredskap for hendelser med lav sannsynlighet-høy konsekvens i en kommune
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)Norgeshistorien er full av større naturhendelser, ulykker og kriser, det være seg både samfunns- og menneskeskapte. Vi ser at fokuset på disse har økt i nyere tid, særlig etter terrorangrepene i regjeringskvartalet og på Utøya 22. Juli 2011. Forberedelsene for å unngå slike hendelser, håndtere de dersom de skulle inntreffe og gjenoppreise samfunnet i etterkant, er en oppgave som jobbes med både ... -
Performance optimization and modeling of fine-grained irregular communication in UPC
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-03)The Unified Parallel C (UPC) programming language offers parallelism via logically partitioned shared memory, which typically spans physically disjoint memory subsystems. One convenient feature of UPC is its ability to automatically execute between-thread data movement, such that the entire content of a shared data array appears to be freely accessible by all the threads. The programmer friendliness, ... -
Inter-outbreak stability reflects the size of the susceptible pool and forecasts magnitudes of seasonal epidemics
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-30)For dengue fever and other seasonal epidemics we show how the stability of the preceding inter-outbreak period can predict subsequent total outbreak magnitude, and that a feasible stability metric can be computed from incidence data alone. As an observable of a dynamical system, incidence data contains information about the underlying mechanisms: climatic drivers, changing serotype pools, the ecology ... -
Interdisciplinary optimism? Sentiment analysis of Twitter data
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-31)Interdisciplinary research has faced many challenges, including institutional, cultural and practical ones, while it has also been reported as a ‘career risk’ and even ‘career suicide’ for researchers pursuing such an education and approach. Yet, the propagation of challenges and risks can easily lead to a feeling of anxiety and disempowerment in researchers, which we think is counterproductive to ... -
Hydrate occurrence in Europe: A review of available evidence
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2019-08-16)Large national programs in the United States and several Asian countries have defined and characterised their marine methane hydrate occurrences in some detail, but European hydrate occurrence has received less attention. The European Union-funded project “Marine gas hydrate – an indigenous resource of natural gas for Europe” (MIGRATE) aimed to determine the European potential inventory of exploitable ... -
Evolución ambiental de los estuarios del Geoparque de la costa Vasca durante el Holoceno y el Antropoceno
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2019-07)In order to reconstruct the environmental evolution of the estuaries in the Basque Coast Geopark at different temporal scales (millennial, centennial, decadal), different long and short cores and surface samples were retrieved and studied. Their multiproxy analysis (metals, foraminifera, pollen and radioisotopes) shows their temporal transformation in response to regional sea-level variations ... -
Experimental grain growth of quartz aggregates under wet conditions and its application to deformation in nature
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-13)Grain growth of quartz was investigated using two quartz samples (powder and novaculite) with water under pressure and temperature conditions of 1.0–2.5 GPa and 800–1100 ∘C. The compacted powder preserved a substantial porosity, which caused a slower grain growth than in the novaculite. We assumed a grain growth law of <i>d<sup>n</sup>−d<sup>n</sup><sub>0</sub>=k</i><sub>0</sub><i>f<sup>r</sup><su ... -
Maximizing Interpretability and Cost-Effectiveness of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Predictive Models Using Feature-Specific Regularized Logistic Regression on Preoperative Temporal Data
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-19)This study describes a novel approach to solve the surgical site infection (SSI) classification problem. Feature engineering has traditionally been one of the most important steps in solving complex classification problems, especially in cases with temporal data. The described novel approach is based on abstraction of temporal data recorded in three temporal windows. Maximum likelihood L1-norm ... -
High-resolution underwater laser spectrometer sensing provides new insights into methane distribution at an Arctic seepage site
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-13)Methane (CH4) in marine sediments has the potential to contribute to changes in the ocean and climate system. Physical and biochemical processes that are difficult to quantify with current standard methods such as acoustic surveys and discrete sampling govern the distribution of dissolved CH4 in oceans and lakes. Detailed observations of aquatic CH4 concentrations are required for a better understanding ... -
Isdynamikk i tre mindre fjord-trausystemer langs Finnmarkskysten
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-07-01)Multistråle batymetriske data og seismiske profiler fra den vestlige kysten av Finnmark er analysert med formålet om å rekonstruere dynamikken til det Fennoskandiske Isdekket gjennom siste glasiale maksimum, og påfølgende deglasiasjon. Fokuset har vært på tre prograderende kiler i forlengelsen av de glasiale trauene Rolvsøy-, Hjelmsøy- og Måsøytrauet. En seismisk stratigrafi er definert med tre ... -
Distributed Renewable Generation and Power Flow Control to Improve Power Quality at Northern Senja, Norway
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-06-01)Distributed renewable generation and power flow control are promising tech- nologies for increasing power system efficiency. Renewable energy production close to consumption reduces need for transport of power to these locations. The benefits of reactive flow control are well documented, and in recent years the use of energy storage for active power control has increased in relevance. The power ... -
An Investigation of Magnetic Field Disturbances on the Ground and in the Mesosphere
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)Geomagnetic field models can be a useful tool for when and where there are no measurements available, or access is limited, because of a highly spatially uneven magnetometer network around the globe. The same can be said for altitudes above the ground, but below the ionospheric current layer, where there exist no in situ measurements at the point of writing. Modelled geomagnetic disturbances have ... -
Role of hafnium doping concentration on the structural and surface properties of ZnO surfaces
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)The presented thesis deals with the characterisation of hafnium doped zinc oxides with focus on the application as transparent conducting film (TCF) or electron transport layer (ETL) in heterojunction solar cells. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electrical and optical methods have been applied to characterise the examined ... -
A Comparison of Naturally Enhanced Ion Acoustic Lines and Auroral Spectral Line Emissions
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)In this thesis, we present Naturally Enhanced Ion Acoustic Lines (NEIALs) observed with the EISCAT Svalbard Radar and a comparison with auroral emissions lines measured with a Meridian Scanning Photometer. NEIALs are short-lived events noticeable in the incoherent scatter spectra as an enhancement in one or both shoulders. It has been assumed that NEIALs are associated with an active red emission ... -
Vurdering av naturvitskapleg prosess og metode på ungdomstrinnet. Ein kvalitativ studie av elevar si oppfatning og gjennomføring av utforskande oppgåver relatert til naturfaget sin prosessdimensjon.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)Utforskande arbeidsmåtar er eit resultat av naturvitskapleg tradisjon, og synleggjer naturfaget sin prosessdimensjon. Føremålet med studien var utvikling og pilotering av ei fagprøve i naturfag på 8.trinn. Dette gav opphav til problemstillinga: "På kva måte gjennomfører og opplever elevar på ungdomstrinnet utforskande oppgåver som stiller krav til naturvitskapleg prosess?" Studien ønska samt å ...
