In this study we investigate the potential for using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to provide high resolution defoliation and regrowth mapping of trees in the tundra-forest ecotone. Using aerial photographs, four areas with live forest and four areas with dead trees were identified. Quad-polarimetric SAR data from RADARSAT-2 was collected from the same area, and the complex multilook polarimetric ...

We present an efficient and robust fragment-based quantum–classical embedding model capable of accurately capturing effects from complex environments such as proteins and nucleic acids. This is realized by combining the molecular fractionation with conjugate caps (MFCC) procedure with the polarizable density embedding (PDE) model at the level of Fock matrix construction. The PDE contributions to the ...

Deep neural networks are complex machine learning models that have shown promising results in analyzing high-dimensional data such as those collected from medical examinations. Such models have the potential to provide fast and accurate medical diagnoses. However, the high complexity makes deep neural networks and their predictions difficult to understand. Providing model explanations can be a way ...

In the context of global warming, Arctic sea ice has declined substantially during the satellite era (Kwok 2018). The retreating and thinning of Arctic sea ice provide opportunities for human activities in the Arctic, such as tourism, fisheries, shipping, natural resource exploitation, and wildlife management; however, new risks emerge. To ensure the safety and emergency management of human activities ...

Wind-driven redistribution of snow on sea ice alters its topography and microstructure, yet the impact of these processes on radar signatures is poorly understood. Here, we examine the effects of snow redistribution over Arctic sea ice on radar waveforms and backscatter signatures obtained from a surface-based, fully polarimetric Ka- and Ku-band radar at incidence angles between 0∘ (nadir) and 50∘. ...

The Eocene of Spitsbergen, Svalbard, has received considerable attention in the literature because of its spectacular seismic-scale clinoforms exposed along many fiords and valleys. Previous investigations particularly focused on the slope segment of the clinoforms and demonstrated how sustained-type, hyperpycnal flows deriving from shelf-edge deltas played a major role in bringing sand onto the ...