Blar i tittel Artikler, rapporter og annet (arktisk og marin biologi)

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    • Habitat determines plant community responses to climate change in the High Arctic 

      Mörsdorf, Martin Alfons; Cooper, Elisabeth (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-12)
      Plant climate responses may depend on site-specific environmental context. Using fences and open-top chambers, we enhanced snow depth (creating Ambient, Medium, and Deep regimes) over an 11-year period and increased temperatures for two summers in dry heath and mesic meadow habitats on Svalbard, Norway. Comparison of plant growth form abundance and diversity responses in these two habitats showed ...

    • Habitat selection by a marine copepod during the productive season in the Subarctic 

      Basedow, Sünnje Linnéa; Tande, Kurt Steinar; Stige, Leif Christian (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010-10-14)
      Few studies have analysed the depth distribution of marine zooplankton at high-resolution, and knowledge obtained from theoretical modelling studies predominates over that from empirical field studies. We analysed depth selection by the marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus during spring and summer in neritic and oceanic Subarctic regions. Data on hydrography and zooplankton distribution in the upper ...

    • Habitats and movement patterns of white whales Delphinapterus leucas in Svalbard, Norway in a changing climate 

      Vacquié-Garcia, Jade; Lydersen, Christian; Ims, Rolf Anker; Kovacs, Kit M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-24)
      Background: The Arctic is experiencing rapid reductions in sea ice and in some areas tidal glaciers are melting and retracting onto land. These changes are occurring at extremely rapid rates in the Northeast Atlantic Arctic. The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of these environmental changes on space use by white whales (Delphinapterus leucas) in Svalbard, Norway. Using a unique ...

    • Haematological and physiological characteristics of diploid and triploid sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L. 

      Peruzzi, Stefano; Varsamos, S; Chatain, B; Fauvel, C; Menu, B; Falguiere, JC; Severe, A; Flik, G (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2005)
      The purpose of this study was to determine whether diploid and triploid sea bass differed in terms of main haematological and physiological characteristics. Diploid and triploid fish were produced by sub-optimal pressure treatments and held in communal environments under standard rearing conditions. Total red blood cell count (RBCC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), mean cell volume ...

    • Hair cortisol concentration and body mass in moose (Alces alces) infested with deer keds (Lipoptena cervi) 

      Madslien, Knut Ivar Engesæter; Stubsjøen, Solveig Marie; Viljugrein, Hildegunn; Ytrehus, Bjørnar; Solberg, Erling Johan; Kapronczai, Luciene; Mysterud, Atle; Godfroid, Jacques; Janz, David M.; Cattet, Marc (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-01)
      The deer ked (<i>Lipoptena cervi</i>), a hematophagous ectoparasite of cervids, is currently spreading in Scandinavia, and the moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) is its main host. However, little is known about the impact of deer keds on moose. We analyzed the hair cortisol concentration (HCC) from 262 moose harvested in the fall in relation to age class, sex, body mass (BM), and deer ked infestation ...

    • Hans Nordeng : a man of principles 

      Klemetsen, Anders (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)

    • Harbour seal Phoca vitulina movement patterns in the high-Arctic archipelago of Svalbard, Norway 

      Blanchet, Marie-Anne Ermeline; Lydersen, Christian; Ims, Rolf Anker; Lowther, Andrew D.; Kovacs, Kit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-09-03)
      Harbour seals Phoca vitulina are mainly considered a temperate species, but the world’s northernmost population resides year-round in the high-Arctic archipelago of Svalbard. In this study we document post-moulting at-sea movements of 30 individuals from this population using satellite relay data loggers deployed in the autumns of 2009 and 2010. All of the seals showed a strong preference for ...

    • Harmonizing circumpolar monitoring of Arctic fox: benefits, opportunities, challenges and recommendations 

      Berteaux, Dominique; Thierry, Anne-Mathilde; Alisauskas, Ray; Angerbjörn, Anders; Buchel, Eric; Doronina, Liliya; Ehrich, Dorothee; Eide, Nina Elisabeth; Erlandsson, Rasmus; Flagstad, Øystein; Fuglei, Eva; Gilg, Olivier; Golstman, Mikhail; Henttonen, Heikki; Ims, Rolf Anker; Killengreen, Siw Turid; Kondratyev, Alexander V.; Kruchenkova, Elena; Kruckenberg, Helmut; Kulikova, Olga; Landa, Arild Magne; Lang, Johannes; Menyushina, Irina; Mikhnevich, Julia; Niemimaa, Jukka; Norén, Karin; Ollila, Tuomo; Ovsyanikov, Nikita; Pokrovskaya, Liya; Pokrovsky, Ivan G.; Rodnikova, Anna Y.; Roth, James D.; Sabard, Brigitte; Samelius, Gustaf; Schmidt, Niels-Martin; Sittler, Benoit; Sokolov, Aleksandr A.; Sokolova, Natalya A.; Stickney, Alice; Unnsteinsdóttir, Ester Rut; White, Paula A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-16)
      The biodiversity working group of the Arctic Council has developed pan-Arctic biodiversity monitoring plans to improve our ability to detect, understand and report on long-term change in Arctic biodiversity. The Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) was identified as a target of future monitoring because of its circumpolar distribution, ecological importance and reliance on Arctic ecosystems. We provide ...

    • Harp seal body condition and trophic interactions with prey in Norwegian high Arctic waters in early autumn 

      Haug, Tore; Biuw, Martin; Gjøsæter, Harald; Knutsen, Tor; Lindstrøm, Ulf; MacKanzie, Kirsteen M.; Meier, Sonnich; Nilssen, Kjell Tormod (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-28)
      In September 2016, a marine ecosystem survey covered all trophic levels from phytoplankton to seals in the Arctic Ocean to the west and north of Svalbard. At the ice edge, 26 harp seals were sampled to assess whether recent environmental changes had affected their diets and body condition by comparing our current results with previous investigations conducted 2–3 decades ago in the northern Barents ...

    • Hatchery selection may depress the number of motile sperm but intensify selection for their swimming velocity in the Arctic charr 

      Kekäläinen, Jukka; Figenschou, Lars; Janhunen, Matti; Kortet, Raine; Peuhkuri, Nina; Rudolfsen, Geir (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The ability of captive breeding programs to maintain genetic diversity and fitness has often been questioned. Recent studies suggest that fitness loss can be extremely rapid in various traits, but it is poorly known how captive breeding affects sperm quality and thus male fertility. We studied the potential effects of hatchery-induced selection on traits indicative of semen quality, in four generations ...

    • Haul-out behaviour of Arctic ringed seals (Pusa hispida): inter-annual patterns and impacts of current environmental change 

      Hamilton, Charmain Danielle; Kovacs, Kit M.; Ims, Rolf Anker; Lydersen, Christian (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-27)
      Hauling out onto a solid substrate is an integral part of most pinnipeds’ activity budgets. Ringed seals (<i>Pusa hispida</i>) are an Arctic species that hauls out on sea ice routinely throughout the year. In 2006, a sudden change in the sea-ice regime occurred in Svalbard (Norway). Amongst other changes, the amount of land-fast ice declined sharply. This study examined the intra- and inter-annual ...

    • Haul-out behaviour of the world's northernmost population of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) throughout the year 

      Hamilton, Charmain Danielle; Lydersen, Christian; Ims, Rolf Anker; Kovacs, Kit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)

    • Havbruksnæringens konsekvenser for økosystemtjenester og samfunn i nordområdene. Forprosjekt Balsfjorden 

      Sæther, Bjørn-Steinar; Solås, Ann-Magnhild; Robertsen, Roy; Andreassen, Otto; Dahl-Hansen, Geir; Christensen, Guttorm; Pedersen, Torstein; Uglem, Ingebrigt; Bremseth, Gunnbjørn; Gjelland, Karl Øystein (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2017)
      Utviklingen av havbruksnæringen styres etter prinsippet om bærekraftig utvikling; sosial, økonomisk og miljømessig. Forvaltningen trenger mer kunnskap om hvilke effekter merdbasert havbruk har på økosystemtjenester og samfunn. Balsfjorden gir en unik mulighet til å studere hvordan anleggsetablering påvirker miljø og samfunn, der status for systemet i stor grad er kjent før etablering, og det kan ...

    • Health and environmental risk assessment of microbial cleaning products. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Microbial Ecology of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 

      Skaar, Ida; Asare, Nana Yaa Ohene; Godfroid, Jacques; Jelmert, Anders; Ytrehus, Bjørnar (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2016-08-18)
      In 2015, The Norwegian Environment Agency requested the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) to provide a scientific assessment of the information requirements laid down in the declaration form for the Regulation on microbial products and its guidelines, if these are sufficient to conduct a health and environmental risk assessment of the use of microbial cleaning products in ...

    • Health and environmental risk evaluation of microorganisms used in bioremediation. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Microbial Ecology of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 

      Skaar, Ida; Asare, Nana Yaa Ohene; Godfroid, Jacques; Jelmert, Anders; Ytrehus, Bjørnar; Gjøen, Tor; Klein, Joern; Okoli, Arinze Stanley; Tronsmo, Arne (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2016)
      In 2015, The Norwegian Environment Agency requested the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) to collate an overview of bioremediation of polluted ground based on bioaugmentation described in literature for the degradation of various types of pollutants, (including hydrocarbons, heavy metals, chlorinated compounds, explosives etc.).The assessment of genetically modified microorganisms ...

    • Herbivore Effects on Ecosystem Process Rates in a Low-Productive System 

      Tuomi, Maria Wilhelmina; Stark, Sari; Hoset, Katrine Skamfer; Väisänen, Maria; Oksanen, Lauri; Murguzur, Francisco Javier Ancin; Tuomisto, Hanna; Dahlgren, Jonas; Bråthen, Kari Anne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-17)
      Mammalian herbivores shape the structure and function of many nutrient-limited or low-productive terrestrial ecosystems through modification of plant communities and plant–soil feedbacks. In the tundra biome, mammalian herbivores may both accelerate and decelerate plant biomass growth, microbial activity and nutrient cycling, that is, ecosystem process rates. Selective foraging and associated ...

    • Herbivory and warming have opposing short-term effects on plant-community nutrient levels across high-Arctic tundra habitats 

      Petit Bon, Matteo; Bråthen, Kari Anne; Ravolainen, Virve; Ottaviani, Gianluigi; Böhner, Hanna; Jonsdottir, Ingibjørg (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-11)
      Environmental changes can rapidly alter standing biomass in tundra plant communities; yet, to what extent can they modify plant-community nutrient levels? Nutrient levels and their changes can affect biomass production, nutrient cycling rates and nutrient availability to herbivores. We examined how environmental perturbations alter Arctic plant-community leaf nutrient concentrations (percentage of ...

    • Herding conditions related to infectious keratoconjunctivitis in semi-domesticated reindeer: a questionnaire-based survey among reindeer herders 

      Tryland, Morten; Stubsjøen, Solveig Marie; Ågren, Erik Olof; Johansen, Bernt; Kielland, Camilla (Journal article; Peer reviewed; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2016-04-12)
      Background: Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) in Eurasian semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) is a multifactorial disease, associated to infectious agents such as Cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) and various species of bacteria, but environmental factors may also be necessary to initiate the disease. Little effort seems to have been invested in addressing the herder`s experience ...

    • Hidden in the darkness of the Polar night: A first glimpse into winter migration of the Svalbard rock ptarmigan 

      Fuglei, Eva; Blanchet, Marie-Anne; Unander, Sigmund; Ims, Rolf Anker; Pedersen, Åshild Ønvik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-05)
      Among many unknown aspects of the Svalbard rock ptarmigan’s biology is whether the birds migrate seasonally within the Svalbard archipelago. Visual observations in spring and fall have indicated that they could perform long-range migration, a behaviour that would allow them to track seasonal shifts in suitable feeding areas. However, the movement patterns and habitat use of the Svalbard rock ...

    • The hidden influence of large particles on ocean colour 

      Davies, Emlyn John; Basedow, Sünnje Linnéa; McKee, David (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-17)
      Optical constituents in the ocean are often categorized as water, phytoplankton, sediments and dissolved matter. However, the optical properties of seawater are influenced, to some degree, by scattering and absorption by all particles in the water column. Here we assess the relevant size ranges for determining the optical properties of the ocean. We present a theoretical basis supporting the hypothesis ...