In Nepal, cage fish culture in the lake and reservoir has plays important role in the improvement of the livelihood of local people through creating employment, improving incomes, and assuring food security. Cage fish farming in Kulekhani was implemented with the support of the International Development Research Centre, Canada (IDRC) and the Nepal government to improve the livelihood of those people ...

The Arctic marine ecosystem is characterized by strong seasonality and a short but productive period of primary production in the spring when the ice breaks up. Calanus glacialis is one of the key links between primary producers and higher trophic levels, and it is adapted to the strong seasonality by life cycle traits such as; seasonal vertical migration, diapausing, reproduction in the spring and ...

Obesity is one of the leading causes for the development of metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in seafood and marine oils, are shown to reduce obesity, lower blood lipid levels, change the composition of the gut microbiota and reduce the risk for cardiovascular diseases. The increased demand for seafood and marine oils has put pressure on ...

In the pelagic system, phytoplankton are the main producers of n-3 LC-PUFA and make up the foundation of the oceanic food web. Zooplankton, such as copepods and krill, are the most numerous primary consumers in the marine environment and have a central role in the energy transfer to higher trophic levels. The copepod Calanus finmarchicus is present in large amounts in the North Atlantic and has ...

Rates of ice mass loss at the calving margins of tidewater glaciers (frontal ablation rates) are a key uncertainty in sea level rise projections. Measurements are difficult because mass lost is replaced by ice flow at variable rates, and frontal ablation incorporates sub-aerial calving, and submarine melt and calving. Here we derive frontal ablation rates for three dynamically contrasting glaciers ...

The changing Arctic environment is affecting zooplankton that support its abundant wildlife. We examined how these changes are influencing a key zooplankton species, Calanus finmarchicus, principally found in the North Atlantic but expatriated to the Arctic. Close to the ice-edge in the Fram Strait, we identified areas that, since the 1980s, are increasingly favourable to C. finmarchicus. Field-sampling ...

Processing of detritus is an important ecosystem function in freshwaters. In rivers and streams, the activity of shredding invertebrates play an important role in processing of coarse-particulate organic matter such as leaf litter. In stream food webs, fish may act as top predators and control activity of consumers such as shredders top down. This top-down effect may be of a directly consumptive nature, ...

Studying baleen whales is challenging and complex, where observation of their habitat, sensory modalities, behavior and physiology, are infrequent and brief. The biochemical and biophysical contribution of mysticetes serve a vital role in maintaining a healthy marine ecosystem, but they are facing anthropogenic threats. Before giving any indications of how these threats affect the baleen whales, it ...

The relative contribution of bryophytes to plant diversity, primary productivity, and ecosystem functioning increases towards colder climates. Bryophytes respond to environmental changes at the species level, but because bryophyte species are relatively difficult to identify, they are often lumped into one functional group. Consequently, bryophyte function remains poorly resolved. Here, we explore ...

Abstract The way energy is used and acquired are fundamental questions in animal biology and figure greatly into conservation of a species. Accurate estimates of energy expenditure are critical in understanding how successful animals are throughout their lifespan and in quantifying population energy budgets and their role and impact on an ecosystem. Two methods have been commonly used to estimate ...