The extension of market systems and economic appraisal methods to the natural world and allocation of scarce resources is highly controversial and viewed by some as unethical. This has resulted in questions about the appropriate role of valuation and appraisal methods in informing policy and decision-making. We address this issue by assessing the different points of view that exist in marine research, ...

Registered nurses and midwives are in short supply and have among the highest rates of sick leave in the global workforce. The aim of this study was therefore to explore and gain a deeper understanding of how nurses and midwives experience their everyday work, with a view toward promoting and sustaining their work-related health. Nine registered nurses and four registered midwives working in hospitals ...

Community assembly theory states that species assemble non-randomly as a result of dispersal limitation, biotic interactions, and environmental filtering. Strong environmental filtering likely leads to local assemblages that are similar in their functional trait composition (high trait convergence) while functional trait composition will be less similar (high trait divergence) under weaker ...

Citizen Science has traditionally been applied in biodiversity monitoring, as the approach holds the potential for conducting large-scale data collections. However, involving citizens in more than data collection is still in its infancy. In this paper, we present the results of an ongoing citizen science project that expands the partnership between citizens and researchers by involving citizens in ...

Oppgaven tar sikte på å behandle hjemmelsgrunnlaget for pålegg om utlevering av trafikk- og lokaliseringsdata rettet mot tilbydere av elektroniske kommunikasjonsmidler i forbindelse med etterforsking av straffesaker. Et viktig element ved avhandlingen er å klarlegge de rettslige rammene som vernet av privatlivet i Grl. § 102 og EMK artikkel 8 setter på statens adgang til å benytte dette tvangsmidlet. ...

Tema for denne avhandlingen er kravet om dobbel straffbarhet, slik det kommer til uttrykk i straffeloven, utleveringsloven og arrestordreloven. Noe forenklet kan man si at dobbel straffbarhet innebærer at en handling anses som straffbar etter to nasjonale regelsett; det ene er straffelovgivningen i den stat hvor den straffbare handling ble begått, og det andre er straffelovgivningen i den stat som ...

Oppgavens tema er arbeidsgivers ansvar for trakasseringsvern på arbeidsplassen. Hovedproblemstillingen er hvordan trakasseringsvernet påvirker arbeidsgivers aktivitets og redegjørelsesplikt. Høyesterett avsa nylig HR-2020-2476-A (Metoo-dommen). Dommen utgjør en omfattende endring av trakasseringsvernet, da dommen er første og eneste høyesterettsavgjørelse etter ny likestillings- og diskrimineringslov ...

<p>The research in this PhD thesis is focused on some problems of general interest in both applied mathematics and engineering sciences. It contains new results, which can be directly used for solving some important structural problems in engineering sciences, but which are also of interest in pure mathematics. The main body of this PhD thesis consists of six papers (Papers A – F). <p>In Paper A ...

The deaminative hydrogenation of amides is one of the most convenient pathways for the synthesis of amines and alcohols. The ideal source of reducing equivalents for this reaction is molecular hydrogen, though, in practice, this approach requires high pressures and temperatures, with many catalysts achieving only small turnover numbers and frequencies. Nonetheless, during the last ten years, this ...

Background: Older adults may use wearable devices for various reasons, ranging from monitoring clinically relevant health metrics or detecting falls to monitoring physical activity. Little is known about how this population engages with wearable devices, and no qualitative synthesis exists to describe their shared experiences with long-term use.<p> Objective: This study aims to synthesize qualitative ...