In the prevention strategies for osteoporosis attention has been directed towards the acquisition of peak bone mass and early life experiences during the adolescent growth period. High consumption of soft drinks during adolescence is believed to influence bone mineral accrual and increase fracture risk later in life. The aim of this study is to investigate if moderate or high consumption of sugar ...

Objectives: <br> Elevated blood cholesterol is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol level surveillance is necessary to study population disease burden, consider priorities for prevention and intervention and understand the effect of diet, lifestyle and treatment. Previous studies show a cholesterol decline in recent decades but lack data to follow individuals born ...

Background: <br>Due to a worldwide increase in overweight and obesity, weight-management through lifestyle changes has become an important public health issue. Adolescents and young adults comprise a vulnerable group. The transition into adulthood represents a stage in life when establishing good lifestyle habits for the future is important. The aim of this study was to explore motivation and ...

Background:<br> In recent years, an increasing number of countries have introduced outpatient commitment orders (OC), which imply that patients can be subject to compulsory follow-up and treatment while living in the community. However, few studies on how OC is practised have been published. <br> Method: <br> Retrospective case register study based on medical files of all patients receiving an ...

Background: <br>The increasing rate of intrapartum cesarean sections is subject of attention and concern as it is associated with adverse outcomes. Labor dystocia is one of the most frequent indications for cesarean sections even though there is no consensus on criteria for labor dystocia. Traditionally the progression of labor follows guidelines based on Friedman’s curve from the mid 1950s. In ...

Studying orogenesis allows us to better understand the construction of continental crust and the lower crustal processes that occur in modern orogenic belts (e.g. the Himalaya). The Scandinavian Caledonides formed when Laurentia and Baltica collided during the Silurian/Devonian, and allow for direct study of mid- to lower crustal metamorphism in a continental collision zone. This work focuses on the ...

The memory properties in paleoclimate temperature records based on model simulations and proxy-reconstructions have been investigated, to find out if these records exhibit long-range memory in a similar manner as many instrumental temperature records. On time scales from years to centuries and even millennia, long-range memory is identified in the paleoclimate records using a toolbox of statistical ...

Electrodialytic remediation (EDR) is a method for removing pollutants from different materials achieved by acidification and transport processes induced by application of an electric field of low intensity. In the thesis, EDR was shown to be a reliable technology for removal of heavy metals, PAH, PCB and TBT from harbour sediments. The final concentrations of heavy metals met the background criteria ...

This dissertation explores the effects that a semantic factor, animacy, and a pragmatic factor, givenness, have on the relative ordering of the two objects (IO-DO vs. DO-IO) in Croatian ditransitive structures. While the effects of animacy are explored only at a global level (object ordering), the effects of givenness are explored also in the choice of referring expressions. The effect that these ...

Background: <br> People with multiple sclerosis have high risk of osteoporosis and fractures. A poor vitamin D status is a risk factor for MS, and vitamin D supplementation has been recommended both to prevent MS progression and to maintain bone health. <br> Methods: <br> We assessed the effect of 20,000 IU vitamin D3 weekly compared to placebo on biochemical markers of bone metabolism in 68 ...