Browsing Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak) by Title
Now showing items 510-529 of 699
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A randomised clinical trial on the impact of early intervention on parental child-rearing attitudes and cognitive, motor and behavioral outcomes in preterm infants.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-09-23)BACKGROUND: Preterm infants are at increased risk of cognitive problems/delay and behavioual problems in the long term. Studies have shown that their mothers are more overprotective, and find it hard to implement a nurturant child rearing practice compared to parents of term infants. To improve the parent-infant interaction and thereby influence infant development in a beneficial different early ... -
Recovery from self-harm. A qualitative study.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-05-11)The overall aim of this dissertation was to expand understanding of the recovery from direct self-harm for adult persons who self-harm through three partial studies. Study I included a theoretical evolutionary concept analysis to clarify the content of the concept self-harm as delineated to the disciplines of medicine and nursing. Studies II and III were interview studies. In study II, mental health ... -
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and future risk of arterial cardiovascular diseases
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-05-28)Myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke rank as the top two killers on the world health organization’s causes of death statistics. Awareness of risk factors is important for targeted prevention of disease, and identification of novel risk factors can further improve the preventive measures. Red cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of the variability in size of the circulating erythrocytes, could ... -
Red cell distribution width and risk of venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-06-11)Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a collective term for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. VTE is the third most common cardiovascular disease, causing significant morbidity and mortality. The incidence of VTE has been stable or slightly increasing during the last decades, affecting 1-2 per 1000 individuals each year. Up to half of all VTE patients have no obvious cause of the disease. Thus, ... -
Reducing infarct size by ischemic preconditioning versus insulin treatment in the heart : same outcome - similar mechanisms?
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2008-10-31)Doktoravhandlingen omhandler de gunstige effektene av å gi insulin når man åpner opp årene etter et hjerteinfarkt. Dette blir sammenliknet med beskyttelsen som ischemisk prekondisjonering (IPC) av hjertet gir. IPC er en metode hvor man stenger av blodtilførselen til hjertet i korte perioder fulgt av reperfusjon før en lengre ischemisk periode. Dette har vist seg å gi meget god beskyttelse mot det ... -
Regional Variation in Utilisation of Healthcare Services - A study on hospital care in Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-02-28)<p><i>Background:</i> In 1938, J. Alison Glover published a study on incidence of tonsillecto-mies in school children, demonstrating variation in treatment rates across school districts. Consequently, it rates raised questions as to what determines when to treat a patient. After Wennberg and Gittelsohns’ paper ‘Small Area Variations in Health Care Delivery’ was pub-lished in 1973, it became clear ... -
Regulation of Autophagy-related proteins: Roles of post-translational modifications
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-09-18)Autophagy is a cell renovation system that directs almost any type of cell contents for lysosomal degradation and recycling of building blocks. It is fundamental for cellular homeostasis and for determining cell fate in response to stress. Hence, understanding the regulation of autophagy-related proteins is of great importance. This study focuses on the effect of posttranslational modifications on ... -
The Regulation of Steroid Receptor Co-activator-3 Activity by p38MAPK-MK2 Signaling Pathway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-10-14)Steroid receptor co-activator-3 (SRC-3) is a co-activator that plays important roles in normal physiology and different diseases including cancer. Its activity is regulated by phosphorylation. Serine 857 (S857) is the most frequently reported phosphorylation site of SRC-3. In this work, we examined several kinases that could phosphorylate SRC-3 at S857 and explored the functional outcome incurred ... -
Rehabilitation pathways, satisfaction with functioning and wellbeing, and experienced rehabilitation needs after stroke
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-11-25)This international cohort study included 451 Norwegian and 348 Danish patients with first-ever stroke admitted to stroke units from one country region in north Norway and one in Denmark with different organization of rehabilitation services. Data were collected from national stroke registries and questionnaires with 3- and 12-months follow-up. The Quality of Life after Brain Injury-Overall Scale ... -
Relational insight and user involvement in the context of Norwegian community mental health care: A narrative analysis of service users' stories.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-01-19)Målet med studien Relational insight and user involvement in the context of Norwegian community mental health care. A narrative analysis of service users' stories var å undersøke brukernes innsikt i egen helse og behandling, og legge frem mulige tilnærminger som kan være til hjelp for å anerkjenne og nyttiggjøre seg av brukernes perspektiver i praksishverdagen i distriktspsykiatrien. Studien hadde ... -
Relationships between physical activity and chronic pain: The role of endogenous pain sensitivity - A population-based perspective: The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-04-16)<p><i>Background and aims:</i> Chronic pain is a major global health concern, yet causal mechanisms are not well understood. Physical activity is popular as prevention and treatment, possibly acting through a positive effect on endogenous pain modulation. This has not been examined in the general population. <p><i>Materials and methods:</i> We used data from the sixth and seventh surveys of the ... -
Remuneration and organization in general practice: Three essays on doctors' preferences
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-10-16)The need for recruiting and retaining general practitioners (GPs) is expected to increase substantially in the next years, both because of an ageing population and a reform suggesting to shift more resources to primary care. This will not only reinforce the current challenge of recruitment and retention in rural areas, but it may also make it more difficult to recruit and retain GPs in urban areas. ... -
Renal hyperfiltration, impaired fasting glucose and physical exercise in the general population : a cross-sectional study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-12)Kronisk nyresykdom er vanlig og rammer ca 10 % av befolkningen. Forhøyet blodsukker og insulin ser ut til å gi nyreskade mens fysisk trening kan være beskyttende. Unormalt høy renseevne (filtrasjon) i nyrene, såkalt hyperfiltrasjon, er et fenomen som på sikt antas å gi proteinutskillelse i urinen og etter hvert nedsatt filtrasjon, det vil si kronisk nyresykdom. Hvilke faktorer som bidrar til ... -
Renal sympathetic denervation, potential effects on blood pressure and glucose metabolism in patients with severe treatment resistant hypertension. The Re-shape CV-risk study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-06-23)<p>Background: Denervation of renal sympathetic nerves (RDN) is a mini-invasive endovascular procedure introduced as an antihypertensive treatment with a potentially beneficial effect on insulin resistance. In this open-label non-randomized study we investigated non-diabetic patients with true treatment-resistant hypertension defined as office systolic blood pressure (BP)>140 mmHg and (mean) daytime ... -
Respiratory symptoms, lung function, and occupational exposure among seafood industry workers. A study among employees at Norwegian salmon factories and Russian North-West trawl fleet (Arkhangelsk)
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-01-24) -
Results after surgical treatment of rectal cancer in Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-09-15)Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, and rectal carcinoma represents about 25% of the cases. Surgical removal of the tumor is the standard curative treatment, and during the last decades the survival rates have improved through both better surgical methods and the introduction of radiochemotherapy. There is, however, still an ongoing debate on which treatment offers the best ... -
Results from the Tromsø Intervention Study on Preterms until children’s age of nine. The influence of structured early parental guidance on behavior-emotional development and well-being among children born preterm and parenting stress in their families.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-02-26)An early structured intervention program, offered families with preterm infants in the newborn period, has been tested in a randomized, controlled trial [The Tromsø Intervention Study on Preterms]. It’s influence on children's socio-emotional behavioral development until age 9, parents reports of parenting stress in the same period and children's quality of life at 9 years have been investigated. ... -
Resuscitate the heart and remember the brain. A prospective observational study of cognitive outcome after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac arrest
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-06-03)Cognitive outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Aim: To investigate long-term cognitive outcomes after survival from Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) with neuropsychological assessment methods. Background: OHCA may cause cognitive impairments and functional disability due to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Methods: Cognitive functions, health-related quality of life and affective symptoms ... -
Retinal vascular calibres: Risk factors and methodological aspects of retinal vascular imaging. The Tromsø Eye Study – a part of the Tromsø Study.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-02-06)Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death and morbidity in developed countries. The eye offers a unique window to the study of the microvasculature in vivo, which has been less investigated than the macrovasculature. We wanted to investigate the relationship between the traditional cardiovascular risk factors and retinal vascular calibres. Further, iron is a proposed cardiovascular risk factor ... -
Retinopathy with and without diabetes: Risk factors and visual impairment.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-03-22)Diabetic retinopathy is a well-known complication of diabetes and a major cause of visual impairment and blindness in developed countries. We explored visual impairment and diabetic retinopathy among participants with diabetes in the Tromsø Eye Study. The prevalence of visual impairment (corrected Snellen visual acuity < 20/40) was 4.1% in the better-seeing eye. We found no legally blind participants. ...