Blar i tittel Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak)

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    • Physical activity and mental distress among adolescents. Results from the Tromsø Study: Fit Futures 

      Opdal, Ida Marie (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-08-21)
      The onset of experiencing symptoms of mental distress, such as depression and anxiety, is most common during the adolescent years, and is concurrent with a measured decrease in physical activity levels. Research on the association between physical activity and mental distress among adolescents find contradictory results, and the field is in need of more longitudinal research with validated measurements. ...

    • Physical activity and the structure and function of the left side of the heart 

      Heitmann, Kim Arne (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-03-16)
      Current knowledge about the relationship between exercise and cardiac remodelling is mostly based on studies of athletes. Little is known about cardiac adaptations to moderate doses of exercise in the general adult and elderly population, and whether exercise-induced cardiac remodelling is a benign physiological adaption of exercise or part of a pathophysiological mechanism. The main objective of ...

    • Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and venous thromboembolism 

      Evensen, Line Holtet (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-02-07)
      Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious disease that represents a growing public health concern, and identification of modifiable risk factors is a priority. Although physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with a wealth of health benefits, their associations with VTE remain to be established. The aim of the present thesis was to summarize knowledge and to identify ...

    • Physical activity, cardiovascular risk factors, and mortality in ethnic groups in the Arctic region of Norway Results from two population-based studies: The Finnmark 3 study 1987-1988 and SAMINOR 1 2003-2004 

      Hermansen, Rune (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-07-02)
      På verdensbasis er hjerte-og karsykdommer en av hovedårsakene til for tidlig død, og fokus på forebyggende tiltak er viktig. Selv om de positive helseeffektene av fysisk aktivitet er godt dokumentert, er det mangelfull kunnskap om sammenhengen mellom fysisk aktivitet, risikofaktorer for hjerte-og karsykdom og død hos urfolk, som eksempelvis samer, som lever under krevende klimatiske forhold i den ...

    • Physical activity, mortality and breast cancer risk 

      Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-03-21)
      4. Avhandlingen tar for seg effekten av fysisk aktivitet i forhold til total dødelighet, hjerte-kar og kreft dødelighet og risiko for brystkreft, samt validerer selv-rapportert fysisk aktivitet i Kvinner – og Kreft studien. Vi sammenlignet en fysisk aktivitetsskala fra 1 til 10, der deltagerne ble bedt om å krysse av fysisk aktivitetsnivå, med en sensor som målte puls og bevegelse over 4 døgn. ...

    • Physical activity, osteoporosis, and fracture risk : long-term associations in a general population 

      Morseth, Bente (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-11-04)
      Osteoporosis and related fractures are a major health problem among elderly people, and Norway has reportedly one of the highest fracture rates in the world. Many factors contribute to osteoporosis and fractures. One highly relevant protective factor is physical activity, which is a major mechanical determinant of the properties of the skeleton. Physical activity may postpone the age-related bone ...

    • Physical activity, weight gain, and risk of mortality in adults 

      Sagelv, Edvard Hamnvik (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-05-11)
      <p><i>Why:</i> As low physical activity levels associate with ill health and mortality, continuous monitoring of physical activity levels is needed to inform policy. Identifying aetiology causes for the obesity epidemic is important to prevent population weight gain. However, there are still uncertainties on how physical activity and weight at population level associate over time, and how physical ...

    • Physical performance, physical and perceived health, and the use of healthcare services in a population of adults with intellectual disability 

      Olsen, Monica Isabel (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-06-07)
      <p><i>Bakgrunn:</i> Voksne med utviklingshemming har dårligere fysisk og selvrapportert helse, og mindre tilgang til helsetjenester sammenlignet med generell befolkning. Dette har vært lite undersøkt i Norge. <p><i>Formål:</i> Øke kunnskap om helse og fysisk funksjon hos voksne med utviklingshemming. Undersøke faktorer assosiert med gjennomføring av fysiske funksjonstester, samt fysisk og selvopplevd ...

    • Physiotherapy and professional clinical guidance in an out-patient clinic for people with multiple sclerosis : body and movement in sense making and professional development 

      Normann, Britt (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-08-30)
      Enkeltkonsultasjoner hos fysioterapeut og klinisk veiledning av kommunefysioterapeuter foregår i enkelte MS-poliklinikker. Målet for studien var å utvikle kunnskapsbasen for denne tjenesten med utgangspunkt i brukerperspektiv samt teorigrunnlaget for nevrologisk fysioterapi. Studien inkluderer en spørreundersøkelse blant 72 personer med multippel sklerose (PmMS), kvalitativt forskningsintervju ...

    • Physiotherapy practice in reablement services. A qualitative study with observations and interviews 

      Eliassen, Marianne (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-10)
      Reablement is a community-based health care service aiming to enable people with (or those at risk of) functional decline to stay independent in their own homes. The service entails short-term, goal-oriented interventions provided by an interprofessional team. Support personnel, referred to as home trainers (HTs), mainly conduct the treatment initiatives under supervision of professionals including ...

    • Plasmids, Resistance and Hospital adaptation in Enterococci : an epidemiological approach 

      Rosvoll, Torill Cathrin Solvær (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-21)
      Sykehustilpassede bakterier er økende motstandsdyktig mot antibiotika Enterokokker (en type bakterier) er en viktig årsak til infeksjoner man kan få når man er innlagt på sykehus. Enterokokkene spesialiserer seg på å leve i sykehusmiljøet og er ofte er motstandsdyktige mot en rekke antibiotika. Disse bakteriene har en stor evne til å utveksle egenskaper seg i mellom, slik som antibiotika resistens. ...

    • A population based study on coronary heart disease in families : the Finnmark Study 1974-1989 

      Brenn, Tormod (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2000)

    • A population-based study of health care utilisation according to care level, socio-economic group, and continuity of primary care. The Tromsø Study. 

      Hansen, Anne Helen (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-11-01)
      Forskning på bruk av helsetjenester har ikke vært høyt prioritert i Norge. Kunnskap om forbruksmønstre i ulike befolkningsgrupper er derfor begrenset. I tre separate studier ønsket vi å estimere forbruket av sju ulike helsetjenester, utforske forbruket av helsetjenester i ulike sosioøkonomiske grupper, samt teste assosiasjonen mellom kontinuitet i fastlegerelasjonen og bruk av spesialisthelsetjenester. ...

    • Postoperative insulin resistance and the metabolic and cellular responses to single-dose preoperative oral carbohydrate supplementation – Experimental studies in pigs 

      Gjessing, Petter Fosse (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-06-17)
      Gjennom en serie eksperimentelle studier på gris, inkludert etablering av en målemetode for utvikling av akutt insulinresistens, ble endringer i insulinsensitivitet og i lever- og skjelettmuskelceller undersøkt etter et stort kirurgisk inngrep. Resultatene viser at de cellulære endringene som ledsager utvikling av insulinresistens etter kirurgi har mange likhetstrekk med de endringer man ser ved ...

    • Postpneumonectomy pulmonary edema and the nitric oxide pathway : experimental studies in sheep 

      Suborov, Evgeny (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-11-07)
      Ventilator-induced lung injury after pneumonectomy, a life-threatening complication of excessive one-lung mechanical ventilation Lung edema after lung resection is associated with a mortality of 50–100% and no cure. In sheep we found that removal of one lung followed by excessive one-lung ventilation triggered a severe lung injury with lung edema. This is a novel model of acute lung injury (ALI) ...

    • Potato consumption and risk of colorectal and pancreatic cancer. The Norwegian Women and Cancer cohort and the HELGA cohort. 

      Åsli, Lene Angell (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-10-14)
      Summary The present work includes participants from two cohorts: The Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study (paper 1 and 2) and the HELGA study (paper 3). The NOWAC Study is a population-based prospective cohort study that started data collection in 1991, and consists of more than 172,000 women. The HELGA study is a population-based Scandinavian cohort, consisting of 119,978 men and women from: ...

    • Practical health co-operation – a cluster randomised study. The impact of referral templates on quality of care and health care co-operation between primary and secondary care 

      Wåhlberg, Henrik (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-12-17)
      The referral represents the handing over of care from the general practitioner to the hospital specialist. In this PhD project a study was performed to assess whether an improved referral could lead to improved quality of care. A cluster randomised trial with the general practitioner surgery as the clustering unit was performed. Fourteen surgeries in the area surrounding the University Hospital ...

    • Predicting rupture of intracranial aneurysms: morphological and hemodynamic parameters. 

      Skodvin, Torbjørn Øygard (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-04-27)
      BACKGROUND: Because of extended use of cerebral imaging, unruptured intracranial aneurysms are increasingly discovered as incidental findings. Management of unruptured aneurysms is controversial because patients and clinicians must weigh the risks of prophylactic endovascular or surgical treatment against the uncertain risk of rupture. We aimed to investigate the use of hemodynamic and morphological ...

    • Prediction of outcome in patients with severe aortic stenosis treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation 

      Kjønås, Didrik (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-06-17)
      Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) has until the last decade been the standard treatment for patients with aortic stenosis (AS). However, many patients were not offered surgical treatment due to high age or unacceptable surgical risk estimated by surgical risk scores. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a less invasive treatment modality where the valve is implanted using a ...

    • Prediction of progression of ultrasound assessed carotid artery athersclerosis 

      Herder, Marit (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-03-11)
      Atherosclerosis is an important underlying cause of cardiovascular disease and death. According to the World Health Organization’s Global Burden of Disease Study, ischemic heart disease and stroke combined killed 12.9 million people in 2010, or one in four deaths worldwide. Ultrasound of the carotid arteries can be used to assess the burden of atherosclerosis by measurements of intima-media thickness ...