Browsing Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak) by Title
Now showing items 483-502 of 701
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Prediction of outcome in patients with severe aortic stenosis treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-06-17)Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) has until the last decade been the standard treatment for patients with aortic stenosis (AS). However, many patients were not offered surgical treatment due to high age or unacceptable surgical risk estimated by surgical risk scores. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a less invasive treatment modality where the valve is implanted using a ... -
Prediction of progression of ultrasound assessed carotid artery athersclerosis
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-03-11)Atherosclerosis is an important underlying cause of cardiovascular disease and death. According to the World Health Organization’s Global Burden of Disease Study, ischemic heart disease and stroke combined killed 12.9 million people in 2010, or one in four deaths worldwide. Ultrasound of the carotid arteries can be used to assess the burden of atherosclerosis by measurements of intima-media thickness ... -
Prediction of unfavorable outcome in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and assessment of the long-term outcomes in JIA-associated uveitis – A prospective Nordic multicenter study of JIA from childhood to adulthood
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-21)Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic childhood disease with joint inflammation as the main feature. The course and outcomes are heterogeneous with a large span in disease severity. There is increasing evidence that early aggressive treatment may modify the disease course in JIA. Precise determination of disease prognosis is therefore sought to guide early decisions on which children need ... -
Predictors and determinants for recovery and survival after upper abdominal surgery
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-10-21)Background: Patients with colorectal malignancies have benefited from major improvements in surgical technique and perioperative care during the last decades. These improvements have contributed to fast recovery and high survival rates. In contrast, patients with upper abdominal malignant disease often experience delayed recovery and long-standing functional impairment. Postoperative complications ... -
Prenatal exposure to DDT and other selected environmental contaminants and their predictors in malaria and non-malaria areas in coastal KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-02-20)Prenatal exposure to environmental toxicants is of major concern, as foetal development is one of the most sensitive life stages for endogenous and exogenous insults. Permeability of the placenta allows not only for environmental contaminants, but also contaminants released from maternal body stores during pregnancy, to be transferred to the foetus. Most of the exposure assessments in pregnant women ... -
The prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus among Sami and non-Sami inhabitants of Northern Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-07)The thesis is based upon data from two cross-sectional population-based surveys, the SAMINOR 1 Survey (2003-2004) and the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey (2012-2014). The prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes mellitus among Sami and non-Sami inhabitants of the 24 municipalities from North- and Mid-Norway was estimated in the SAMINOR 1 Survey. No statistically significant difference in the prevalence of ... -
The prevalence and possible risk factors of asthma in a subarctic child population. A study of asthma and allergy among schoolchildren i Nordland county
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-07)Astmaepidemien de siste årtiene, har ført til at astma er blitt den vanligste kroniske sykdommen blant barn i den vestlige verden. Selv om studier fra ulike steder viser stor variasjon i forekomsten av astma, allergisk øye- og nesekatarr (rhinokonjunktivitt) og eksem, har man på tross av utstrakt forskning ikke funnet årsaken til sykdommene eller entydige forebyggende tiltak. Denne avhandlingen ... -
The prevalence and prognostic significance of endocrinology-related biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-06-22)Lung cancer has become a global health issue, and accounts for over 1.6 million annual deaths worldwide. The need for an improved treatment strategy is pivotal to improve its poor prognosis. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the predominant histological subtype of lung cancer. Gender-related discrepancies in overall survival and prognosis have been observed among NSCLC patients. This fact has ... -
Prevalence, risk factors for and clinical impact of persistent hyperCKemia in a general population. The Tromsø Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-02-21) -
Prevalence, vascular complications, and level of health care treatment in individuals with type 2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-10-04)The total prevalence of diabetes and vascular complications is increasing. Consequently, it is important to provide diabetes treatment according to the National clinical guideline for the management of diabetes and allocate individuals to the right level of health care in line with the National guideline for prioritization in specialist health care – Endocrinology and endocrine surgery. We used data ... -
Prevention of Fetal/Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) by prophylactic monoclonal antibodies. In vitro and preclinical evaluation of HPA-1a-specific antibodies
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-10-19)The focus of this thesis is the condition fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) where maternal alloantibodies toward paternally inherited human platelet antigens (HPAs) cause depletion of fetal platelets. Clinical outcomes are heterogenous and can be asymptomatic, mild or severe bleedings, where intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is the feared outcome as it may lead to lifelong disabilities ... -
Prognosis in acute aortic dissection. Insights from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-06-20)<p><i>Background/aims:</i> Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a rare life-threatening disease that does not easily lend itself to randomized controlled trials. Data regarding the effect of treatment advances in the recent decades is limited. Determinants of follow-up mortality are poorly understood. To include many patients and evaluate contemporary management of AAD, the International Registry ... -
The prognostic impact of immune-related markers in non-small cell lung cancer
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-06-15)Lung cancer is the leading cancer killer worldwide and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the predominant subtype of lung cancer. The immune system plays an important role in cancer development. Immune-related markers expressed in the tumor microenvironment of resection specimens predict prognosis in many cancers, and may be potential targets for therapy. We aimed to characterize the expression ... -
Prognostic impact of molecular markers related to tumor proliferation and differentiation in non-smallcell lung cancer (NSCLC)
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2010-04-29)Lungekreft er krefttypen med den høyeste dødelighet av alle andre krefttyper. Hvert år får ca. 1,3 millioner mennesker av begge kjønn denne sykdommen på verdensbasis og mer enn 1,1 millioner mennesker dør av den. Det er en sterk sammenheng mellom røyking og lungekreft. Man kan få et bilde av en befolknings røykevaner ved å undersøke hyppigheten av lungekreft. For mer enn 10 år siden begynte man i ... -
Prognostic indicators of survival for patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in Norway. Outcomes in a retrospective, multicenter cohort, with special focus on oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, 2005-2009
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-10-08)Oral cavity cancer (OCC) is the most frequent of head and neck cancers, most being squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Within the oral cavity, the oral tongue is the most common site of cancer. These cancers are very aggressive, with poor survival. The treatment decision is based upon classifications of tumor (T), lymph node (N), and metastasis (M), although tumors with the same classification may act ... -
Prognostic markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-06-20)Avhandlingen er basert på 5 artikler. Vi har retrospektivt innhentet klinisk informasjon om 133 pasienter diagnostisert med cancer i munnhulen ved UNN i perioden 1986-2001, og laget Tissue Micro Arrays (TMA) av tumorvev fra de respektive pasientenes svulster. Den første artikkelen er en epidemiologisk beskrivelse av materialet. Artikkel 2 og 3 omfatter ulike potensielle prognostiske markører for ... -
The prognostic significance of the innate and adaptive immune systems in non-small cell lung carcinoma
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2010-05-27)Lungekreft er knyttet til røyking og har den høyeste dødelighet av alle andre krefttyper. Hvert år får ca. 1,3 millioner mennesker av begge kjønn denne sykdommen på verdensbasis og mer enn 1,1 millioner mennesker dør av den. En britisk analyse publisert i forskningsmagasinet Nature, bekreftet at det forskes lite på lungekreft i forhold til andre kreftformer. I analysen sto lungekreft bak 22 prosent ... -
Prognostic value of adaptive and innate immune system in soft tissue sarcomas
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-09-26)The purpose of this study was to clarify the prognostic significance of the adaptive and innate immune system in soft tissue sarcomas (STS). Prognostic markers in potentially curable STS should guide therapy after surgical resection. The immune status at the time of resection may be important, but the prognostic significance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes is controversial as the immune system has ... -
Progressive lupus nephritis : biological consequences of renal DNaseI gene silencing
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-10-11)Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is an autoimmune syndrome which occurs most often between the ages 10-50 years. Lupus nephritis is the most severe clinical manifestation of SLE. 30-60% of the SLE patients may develop lupus nephritis during lifetime. At a certain time point in the life of (NZBxNZW) F1 mice prone to develop lupus nephritis, the expression of renal DNaseI endonuclease is lost. This ... -
Prolonged Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Accidental Hypothermia: Physiological and pathophysiological effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in hypothermia regarding hemodynamics, oxygen transport and regional blood flow
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-12-21)This thesis was aimed to examine the physiological and pathophysiological effects of 3 hours continuous cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at 27°C concerning hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and regional blood flow. We aimed to explore mechanisms responsible for the successful resuscitation of accidental hypothermia victims in hypothermic cardiac arrest (HCA) and evaluate their value during prolonged ...