Artikler, rapporter og annet (samfunnsmedisin): Nye registreringer

Viser treff 561-580 av 1514

    • Social and life skills in adolescents who have self-harmed: analysis of survey responses from a national sample of adolescents in Norway 

      Fadum, Elin Anita; Carlsen, Ellen Øen; Ramberg, Maria; Strand, Leif Aage; Håberg, Siri Eldevik; Borud, Einar Kristian; Martinussen, Monica (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-12)
      Objective - Social and life skills (SLS) may be important in the prevention and treatment of self-harm, but few studies have described this relationship. We examined three components of SLS in adolescents who reported self-harm that was, according to themselves, diagnosed by a clinician.<p> <p>Design - Cross-sectional.<p> <p>Setting - National screening prior to military service.<p> <p>Participants ...

    • Sex-specific height-correction of weight in a population with ethnic groups that differ in stature - the SAMINOR 1 Survey: a cross-sectional study 

      Michalsen, Vilde Lehne; Coucheron, David Andre; Kvaløy, Kirsti; Melhus, Marita (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-07)
      Background: Body mass index (BMI, weight/height2) is a common proxy for body fatness, but it is negatively correlated with height. In Norway, the ethnic Sami people have had higher BMI and lower height than their non-Sami peers. This article aimed to examine if previous findings of higher obesity measures in Sami compared to non-Sami persist when applying an adequately height-corrected weight ...

    • Trends in Disability-Free Life Expectancy (DFLE) from 1995 to 2017 in the older Norwegian population by sex and education: The HUNT Study 

      Storeng, Siri Høivik; Øverland, Simon Nygaard; Skirbekk, Vegard; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Sund, Erik Reidar; Krokstad, Steinar; Strand, Bjørn Heine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-28)
      Aim: Understanding whether increasing Life Expectancy (LE) translates to improved health and function among older adults is essential, but results are inconclusive. We aimed to estimate trends in Disability-Free Life Expectancy (DFLE) in the older Norwegian population by sex and education from 1995 to 2017.<p> <p>Method: National life table data were combined with cross-sectional data on functional ...

    • Inspiratory crackles-early and late-revisited: identifying COPD by crackle characteristics 

      Melbye, Hasse; Aviles Solis, Juan Carlos; Jacome, Cristina; Pasterkamp, Hans (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-05)
      Background The significance of pulmonary crackles, by their timing during inspiration, was described by Nath and Capel in 1974, with early crackles associated with bronchial obstruction and late crackles with restrictive defects. Crackles are also described as ‘fine’ or ‘coarse’. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of crackle characteristics in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ...

    • Trends in initiation of hormonal contraceptive methods among teenagers born between 1989 and 1997 in Norway and the United States 

      Ahrens, Katherrine; Skjeldestad, Finn Egil (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-28)
      Objective - To assess initiation of hormonal contraception among women aged 15-19 in the US and Norway by birth cohort.<p> <p>Study design - We used population-based survey (US) and administrative (Norway) data to estimate the cumulative probability of age at first use of hormonal contraception for female residents born between 1989 and 1997 in 3-year birth cohorts. Differences between countries ...

    • Agenda navigation in consultations covering multiple topics. A qualitative case study from general practice 

      Guassora, Ann Dorrit; Johansen, May-Lill; Malterud, Kirsti (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-26)
      Objective - To explore how agenda navigation may be accomplished underway in consultations covering multiple topics, we identified and analyzed one GP’s communicative strategies.<p> <p>Design, setting, and subjects - A qualitative observational case study with linguistic microanalysis of an exemplary consultation between a female patient with diabetes and her male GP. We used speech act theory ...

    • Systemic inflammation markers and cancer incidence in the UK Biobank 

      Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Alcala, Karine; Urbarova, Ilona; Byrne, Karl Smith; Guida, Florence; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Johansson, Mattias (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-25)
      Systemic inflammation markers have been linked to increased cancer risk and mortality in a number of studies. However, few studies have estimated pre-diagnostic associations of systemic inflammation markers and cancer risk. Such markers could serve as biomarkers of cancer risk and aid in earlier identification of the disease. This study estimated associations between pre-diagnostic systemic inflammation ...

    • Endogenous Circulating Sex Hormone Concentrations and Colon Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women: a Prospective Study and Meta-Analysis 

      Mori, Nagisa; Keski-Rahkonen, Pekka; Gicquiau, Audrey; Rinaldi, Sabina; Dimou, Niki; Harlid, Sophia; Harbs, Justin; Van Guelpen, Bethany; Aune, Dagfinn; Cross, Amanda J.; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Severi, Gianluca; Kvaskoff, Marina; Fournier, Agnès; Kaaks, Rudolf; Fortner, Renée Turzanski; Schulze, Matthias B.; Jakszyn, Paula; Sánchez, Maria-José; Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M.; Ardanaz, Eva; Travis, Ruth; Watts, Eleanor L.; Masala, Giovanna; Krogh, Vittorio; Tumino, Rosario; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Panico, Salvatore; Buenode-Mesquita, bas; Gram, Inger Torhild; Waaseth, Marit; Gunter, Marc J.; Murphy, Neil (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-28)
      Background - Observational studies have consistently reported that postmenopausal hormone therapy use is associated with lower colon cancer risk, but epidemiologic studies examining the associations between circulating concentrations of endogenous estrogens and colorectal cancer have reported inconsistent results.<p> <p>Methods - We investigated the associations between circulating concentrations ...

    • Association of glycated hemoglobin A1c levels with cardiovascular outcomes in the general population: results from the BiomarCaRE (Biomarker for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe) consortium 

      Sinning, Christoph; Makarova, Nataliya; Völzke, Henry; Schnabel, Renate B.; Ojeda, Francisco; Dörr, Marcus; Felix, Stephan B.; Koenig, Wolfgang; Peters, Annette; Rathmann, Wolfgang; Schöttker, Ben; Brenner, Hermann; Veronesi, Giovanni; Cesana, Giancarlo; Brambilla, Paolo; Palosaari, Tarja; Kuulasmaa, Kari; Njølstad, Inger; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Wilsgaard, Tom; Blankenberg, Stefan; Söderberg, Stefan; Ferrario, Marco M.; Thorand, Barbara (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-15)
      Background: Biomarkers may contribute to improved cardiovascular risk estimation. Glycated hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> (HbA<sub>1c</sub>) is used to monitor the quality of diabetes treatment. Its strength of association with cardiovascular outcomes in the general population remains uncertain. This study aims to assess the association of HbA<sub>1c</sub> with cardiovascular outcomes in the general ...

    • External validation of a deep learning electrocardiogram algorithm to detect ventricular dysfunction 

      Attia, Itzhak Zachi; Tseng, Andrew S.; Benavente, Ernest Diez; Medina-Inojosa, Jose R.; Clark, Taane; Malyutina, Sofia; Kapa, Suraj; Schirmer, Henrik; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Noseworthy, Peter A.; Carter, Rickey E.; Ryabikov, Andrey; Perel, Pablo; Friedman, Paul A.; Leon, David A.; Lopez-Jimenez, Francisco (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-02)
      Objective - To validate a novel artificial-intelligence electrocardiogram algorithm (AI-ECG) to detect left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) in an external population.<p> <p>Background - LVSD, even when asymptomatic, confers increased morbidity and mortality. We recently derived AI-ECG to detect LVSD using ECGs based on a large sample of patients treated at the Mayo Clinic.<p> <p>Methods ...

    • “Mapping suicide prevention initiatives targeting Indigenous Sámi in Nordic countries” 

      Stoor, Jon Petter A.; Eriksen, Heidi A.; Silviken, Anne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-07)
      Background - Suicide is a major public health issue among Indigenous Sámi in Nordic countries, and efforts to prevent suicide in the Sámi context are increasing. However, there is no literature on suicide prevention initiatives among Sámi. The aim of the study was to map suicide prevention initiatives targeting Sámi in Norway, Sweden, and Finland during 2005–2019.<p> <p>Method - Initiatives were ...

    • Undiagnosed diabetes based on HbA 1c by socioeconomic status and healthcare consumption in the Tromsø Study 1994-2016 

      Lopez-Doriga Ruiz, Paz; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Eggen, Anne Elise; Njølstad, Inger; Grimnes, Guri; Stene, Lars Christian Mørch; Gulseth, Hanne Løvdal (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-15)
      Introduction - We aimed to investigate whether the proportion of undiagnosed diabetes varies by socioeconomic status and healthcare consumption, in a Norwegian population screened with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).<p> <p>Research - design and methods In this cohort study, we studied age-standardized diabetes prevalence using data from men and women aged 40–89 years participating in four surveys ...

    • Influence of Internalised Homonegativity on Sexual Risk Behaviour of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Spain 

      Sönmez, İbrahim; Folch, Cinta; Lorente, Nicolas; Berg, Rigmor; Thurlby, Natalie; Schmidt, Axel J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-27)
      In a sample of men who have sex with men (MSM) (N = 3436) in Spain who bear intrinsic HIV risk, we investigated how internalised homonegativity (IH) is associated with the number of non-steady male partners with condomless intercourse (as a proxy of sexual risk behaviour). Using structural equation modelling (SEM), we examined the relationship between IH and sexual risk behaviour, and mediating ...

    • Changed definition of disease and broader screening criteria had little impact on prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus 

      Grønvall, Lina; Skjeldestad, Finn Egil (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-26)
      Introduction - There are major controversies in screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The present study evaluates the impact of the 2017 revised guidelines for GDM screening and a changed definition of GDM in Norway.<p> <p>Material and methods - We used a case-series design and included women with no pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus, who gave birth after gestational week 29 to a ...

    • Cardiovascular responses to dynamic and static upper-body exercise in a cold environment in coronary artery disease patients 

      Valtonen, Rasmus; Hintsala, Heidi; Kiviniemi, Antti; Kentta, Tuomas; Crandall, Craig; van Marken Lichtenbelt, Wouter; Perkiomaki, Juha; Hautala, Arto; Jaakkola, Jouni; Ikäheimo, Tiina (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-16)
      Purpose - Upper-body exercise performed in a cold environment may increase cardiovascular strain, which could be detrimental to patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study compared cardiovascular responses of CAD patients during graded upper-body dynamic and static exercise in cold and neutral environments.<p> <p>Methods - 20 patients with stable CAD performed 30 min of progressive ...

    • IARC monographs: 40 years of evaluating carcinogenic hazards to humans 

      Pearce, Neil; Blair, Aaron; Vineis, Paolo; Ahrens, Wolfgang; Andersen, Aage; Anto, Josep M.; Armstrong, Bruce K.; Baccarelli, Andrea A.; Beland, Frederick A.; Berrington, Amy; Bertazzi, Pier Alberto; Birmbaum, Linda S.; Brownson, Ross C.; Bucher, John R.; Cantor, Kenneth P.; Cardis, Elisabeth; Cherrie, John W.; Christiani, David C.; Cocco, Pierluigi; Coggon, David; Comba, Pietro; Demers, Paul A.; Dement, John M.; Douwes, Jerouen; Eisen, Ellen A.; Engel, Lawrence S.; Fenske, Richard A.; Fleming, Lora E.; Fletcher, Tony; Fontham, Elizabeth; Forastiere, Francesco; Frentzel-Beyme, Rainer; Fritschi, Lin; Gerin, Michel; Goldberg, Marcel; Grandjean, Philippe; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian; Gustavsson, Per; Haines, Andy; Hartge, Patricia; Hansen, Johnni; Hauptmann, Michael; Heederick, Dick; Hemminki, Kari; Hemon, Denis; Hertz-Picciotto, Irva; Hoppin, Jane A.; Huff, James; Jarvholm, Bengt; Kang, Daehee; Karagas, Margaret R.; Kjærheim, Kristina; Kjuus, Helge; Kogevinas, Manolis; Kriebel, David; Kristensen, Petter; Kromhout, Hans; Laden, Francine; Lebailly, Pierre; LeMasters, Grace; Lubin, Jay H.; Lynch, Charles F.; Lynge, Elsebeth; ‘t Mannetje, Andrea; McMichael, Anthony J.; McLaughlin, John R.; Marrett, Loraine; Martuzzi, Marco; Merchant, James A.; Merler, Enzo; Merletti, Franco; Miller, Anthony; Mirer, Franklin E.; Monson, Richard; Nordby, Karl-Christian; Olshan, Andrew F.; Parent, Marie-Elise; Perera, Frederica P.; Perry, Melissa J.; Pesatori, Angela Cecilia; Pirastu, Roberta; Porta, Miquel; Pukkala, Eero; Rice, Carol; Richardson, David B.; Ritter, Leonard; Ritz, Beate; Ronckers, Cecile M.; Rushton, Lesley; Rusiecki, Jennifer A.; Rusyn, Ivan; Samet, Jonathan M.; Sandler, Dale P.; de Sanjose, Silvia; Schernhammer, Eva; Costantini, Adele Seniori; Seixas, Noah; Shy, Carl; Siemiatycki, Jack; Silverman, Debra T.; Simonato, Lorenzo; Smith, Allan H.; Smith, Martyn T.; Spinelli, John J.; Spitz, Margaret R.; Stallones, Lorann; Stayner, Leslie T.; Steenland, Kyle; Stenzel, Mark; Stewart, Bernard W.; Stewart, Patricia A.; Symanski, Elaine; Terracini, Benedetto; Tolbert, Paige E.; Vainio, Harri; Vena, John; Vermeulen, Roel; Victora, Cesar G.; Ward, Elizabeth M.; Weinberg, Clarice R.; Weisenburger, Dennis; Wesseling, Catharina; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Zahm, Shelia Hoar (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-24)
      Background: Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Programme for the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans has been criticized for several of its evaluations, and also for the approach used to perform these evaluations. Some critics have claimed that failures of IARC Working Groups to recognize study weaknesses and biases of Working Group members have led to inappropriate ...

    • Physical activity and cutaneous melanoma risk: A Norwegian population-based cohort study 

      Perrier, Flavie; Ghiasvand, Reza; Lergenmuller, Simon; Robsahm, Trude Eid; Green, Adele C.; Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Rueegg, Corina Silvia; Veierød, Marit Bragelien (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-20)
      Physical activity (PA) is an important factor in cancer prevention, but positive association between PA and risk of cutaneous melanoma found in recent studies may complicate this strategy. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure during outdoor PA is a plausible explanation for a positive association. We investigated the associations between PA, UVR and melanoma risk in the Norwegian Women and Cancer ...

    • Socio-demographic, behavioural and psycho-social factors associated with depression in two Russian cities 

      Cook, Sarah; Saburova, Lyudmila; Bobrova, Natalia; Avdeeva, Ekaterina; Malyutina, Sofia; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Leon, David Adrew (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-04)
      Background - Russia has a high burden of suicide and alcohol-attributable mortality. However there have been few studies of the epidemiology of depression.<p> <p>Methods - The study population was 5077 men and women aged 35-69 years from a cross-sectional population based survey in the cities of Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk (2015-17). Moderate depression was defined as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ...

    • Negotiating Uncertainty in Clinical Encounters: A Narrative Exploration of Naturally Occurring Primary Care Consultations 

      Lian, Olaug S.; Nettleton, Sarah; Wifstad, Åge; Dowrick, Christopher (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-09)
      Based on a narrative analysis of 20 naturally occurring clinical consultations between general practitioners and patients in England, sourced from the One in a million data archive, we explore how they conceptualize and negotiate medical and existential uncertainty. To capture the interactional element, which is often overlooked, three consultations receive special attention. While exploring the ...

    • Changes in adiposity, physical activity, cardiometabolic risk factors, diet, physical capacity and well-being in inactive women and men aged 57-74 years with obesity and cardiovascular risk – A 6-month complex lifestyle intervention with 6-month follow-up 

      Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Deraas, Trygve Sigvart; Henriksen, André; Martiny-Huenger, Torsten; Grimsgaard, Sameline (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-25)
      A key challenge in lifestyle interventions is long-term maintenance of favorable lifestyle changes. Middle-aged and older adults are important target groups. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate changes in adiposity, physical activity, cardiometabolic risk factors, diet, physical capacity, and well-being, in inactive middle-aged and older women and men with obesity and elevated cardiovascular ...