“Breaking the silence” Interpersonal violence and Health among Sami and non-Sami. A population-based study in Mid -and Northern Norway
Permanent link
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11290View/ Open
Thesis (PDF)
Paper III: Eriksen, A. M. A., Schei, B., Hansen, K. L., Sørlie, T., Fleten, N., Javo, C.: “Childhood violence and adult chronic pain among indigenous Sami and non-Sami in Norway: a SAMINOR 2 questionnaire Study”. Also available in Int J Circumpolar Health 2016, 75:32796. (PDF)
Date
2017-06-16Type
Doctoral thesisDoktorgradsavhandling
Abstract
Sammendrag
Dette arbeidet er en del av SAMINOR 2 studien. SAMINOR 2 er en populasjonsbasert tversnittsundersøkelse av helse- og levekår i områder med både norsk og samisk bosetning i Midt- og Nord-Norge. SAMINOR 2 er delvis en oppfølging av SAMINOR 1, men ble utvidet til å inkludere flere helserelaterte tema som vold og symptomer på post-traumatisk stress (PTS). I utvalgte områder ble alle innbyggere i alderen 18-69 år og registrert i Folkeregisteret per 1 desember 2011 invitert til å delta. Selve undersøkelsen ble gjennomført i 2012.
Formålet med denne studien var å undersøke forekomsten av vold og sammenhengen med sosio-økonomiske og demografiske faktorer i to etniske grupper med hhv samisk og ikkesamisk befolkning. Formålet var også å undersøke og sammenligne sammenhengen mellom rapportert vold i barndom og mentale plager og kroniske smerter som voksen.
Resultat
Resultatene viser at samisk etnisitet er en risikofaktor for vold, bortsett fra seksuell vold blant menn. Resultatene er signifikante selv etter justering for sosioøkonomiske og demografiske forhold, samt inntak av alkohol. Det er en robust og positiv samvariasjon mellom opplevd vold i barndom og mentale helseplager og kroniske smerter som voksen. Samvariasjonen mellom vold i barndom og kroniske smerter som voksen var derimot svakere for samiske menn. Den samiske befolkningen rapporterte høyere grad av mentale helseplager og flere PTS symptomer enn den ikke-samiske. Vold i barndom kan forklare noe av den etniske forskjellen i mentale helseplager.
Konklusjon
Funnene indikerer at etnisk samisk tilhørighet øker risikoen for å bli utsatt for vold. Uavhengig av etnisk tilhørighet er det å bli utsatt for vold i barndom er en viktig risikofaktor for utvikling av mentale helseplager og kroniske smerter som voksen. I klinisk arbeid bør kartlegging av vold i barndom få økt fokus for pasienter med mentale helseplager og uforklarlig smertemønster. Målrettete kultursensitive helsetiltak mot mellommenneskelig vold i etnisk delte samfunn kan være nyttig. This doctoral thesis is based on a sub-study of the SAMINOR 2 questionnaire study. The
SAMINOR 2 study is a population based, cross-sectional questionnaire study on health and
living conditions in areas with both indigenous Sami and non-Sami settlements in Mid- and
Northern Norway. The SAMINOR 2 study was designed as a follow-up study of issues
addressed in the original SAMINOR 1 study from 2003-2004, but was expanded to include
additional health issues such as interpersonal violence and questions on post-traumatic
stress (PTS). All inhabitants aged 18-69 in selected municipalities registered in the
Norwegian National Population Register by 1 December 2011 were invited to participate. All
data were collected in 2012.
Purpose: Our aims were twofold, namely (1) to investigate the prevalence of lifetime interpersonal violence and its association with socio-economic and demographic factors in two different ethnic groups: the indigenous Sami and non-Sami, and (2) to investigate and compare the association between childhood violence and psychological distress, symptoms of post traumatic stress, and chronic pain in adulthood in these two groups.
Results: Sami ethnicity was found to be a risk factor for any lifetime interpersonal violence for both genders, except for sexual violence among men. The results remained significant after adjusting for socio- economic and demographic factors, as well as for alcohol consumption. A robust and positive correlation was found between childhood violence and indicators of mental disorders (psychological distress and symptoms of PTS), as well as chronic pain in adulthood, regardless of ethnicity and gender. However, the association between childhood violence and adult chronic pain was weaker and turned out to be non-significant among Sami men. Finally, a higher level of psychological distress and more symptoms of PTS were found among the Sami than the non-Sami. Childhood violence was found to mediate some of these ethnic differences in mental health problems.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that Sami ethnicity is a risk factor for exposure to lifetime interpersonal violence. Moreover, a consistent association between childhood violence and mental health problems and chronic pain in adulthood indicates that childhood violence represents an important risk factor for poorer health in adulthood, irrespective of ethnicity. In clinical practice, addressing childhood violence should be more focused and part of the diagnostic process for patients with adult mental health problems and unexplained chronic pain. Culturally sensitive public health preventive strategies targeting interpersonal violence in communities with both Sami and non-Sami inhabitants are warranted.
Purpose: Our aims were twofold, namely (1) to investigate the prevalence of lifetime interpersonal violence and its association with socio-economic and demographic factors in two different ethnic groups: the indigenous Sami and non-Sami, and (2) to investigate and compare the association between childhood violence and psychological distress, symptoms of post traumatic stress, and chronic pain in adulthood in these two groups.
Results: Sami ethnicity was found to be a risk factor for any lifetime interpersonal violence for both genders, except for sexual violence among men. The results remained significant after adjusting for socio- economic and demographic factors, as well as for alcohol consumption. A robust and positive correlation was found between childhood violence and indicators of mental disorders (psychological distress and symptoms of PTS), as well as chronic pain in adulthood, regardless of ethnicity and gender. However, the association between childhood violence and adult chronic pain was weaker and turned out to be non-significant among Sami men. Finally, a higher level of psychological distress and more symptoms of PTS were found among the Sami than the non-Sami. Childhood violence was found to mediate some of these ethnic differences in mental health problems.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that Sami ethnicity is a risk factor for exposure to lifetime interpersonal violence. Moreover, a consistent association between childhood violence and mental health problems and chronic pain in adulthood indicates that childhood violence represents an important risk factor for poorer health in adulthood, irrespective of ethnicity. In clinical practice, addressing childhood violence should be more focused and part of the diagnostic process for patients with adult mental health problems and unexplained chronic pain. Culturally sensitive public health preventive strategies targeting interpersonal violence in communities with both Sami and non-Sami inhabitants are warranted.
Description
The papers I and II of this thesis are not available in Munin.
Paper I: Eriksen, A. M. A., Hansen, K. L., Javo, C., Schei, B.: “Emotional, physical and sexual violence among Sami and non-Sami population in Norway: The SAMINOR 2 study”. Available in Scand J of Public Health 2015, 43(6):588-96.
Paper II: Eriksen, A. M. A., Hansen, K. L., Schei, B., Sørlie, T., Stigum, H., Bjertness, E., Javo, C.: «Childhood violence and mental health among indigenous Sami and non-Sami in Norway: the SAMINOR 2 questionnaire study”. (Manuscript).
Paper I: Eriksen, A. M. A., Hansen, K. L., Javo, C., Schei, B.: “Emotional, physical and sexual violence among Sami and non-Sami population in Norway: The SAMINOR 2 study”. Available in Scand J of Public Health 2015, 43(6):588-96.
Paper II: Eriksen, A. M. A., Hansen, K. L., Schei, B., Sørlie, T., Stigum, H., Bjertness, E., Javo, C.: «Childhood violence and mental health among indigenous Sami and non-Sami in Norway: the SAMINOR 2 questionnaire study”. (Manuscript).
Publisher
UiT The Arctic University of NorwayUiT Norges arktiske universitet
Series
ISM skriftserie; 180Metadata
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- Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak) [726]
- ISM skriftserie [161]
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