• Assessing public preferences for deep sea ecosystem conservation: a choice experiment in Norway and Scotland 

      Ankamah-Yeboah, Isaac; Armstrong, Claire W.; Hynes, Stephen; Bui, Bich Xuân; Simpson, Katherine (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-18)
      ecent events around the world have revealed varying degrees of public support for climate change and environmental regulation. Applying a latent class logit model, this study investigates Norwegian and Scottish public’s economic support for proposed deep sea management policies for novel attributes, identifying the presence of preference heterogeneity. Marine litter and health of fish stocks were ...
    • Attuning to a changing ocean 

      Stenseth, Nils Christian; Payne, Mark R.; Bonsdorff, Erik; Dankel, Dorothy Jane; Durant, Joel Marcel; Anderson, Leif G.; Armstrong, Claire W.; Blenckner, Thorsten; Brakstad, Ailin; Dupont, Sam; Eikeset, Anne Maria; Goksøyr, Anders; Jónsson, Steingrímur; Kuparinen, Anna; Våge, Kjetil; Österblom, Henrik; Paasche, Øyvind (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-17)
      The ocean is a lifeline for human existence, but current practices risk severely undermining ocean sustainability. Present and future social−ecological challenges necessitate the maintenance and development of knowledge and action by stimulating collaboration among scientists and between science, policy, and practice. Here we explore not only how such collaborations have developed in the Nordic ...
    • Bioeconomic Modelling of Coastal Cod and Kelp Forest Interactions: Co-benefits of Habitat Services, Fisheries and Carbon Sinks 

      Vondolia, Godwin K; Chen, Wenting; Armstrong, Claire W.; Norling, Magnus D (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-26)
      Ecosystem-based fisheries management seeks to expand upon the traditional one-stock fisheries management measures by internalizing the effects of fishing on marine ecosystems, and accounting for biological interactions among marine resources. The fact that marine resources provide multiple, often competing benefits, makes the accomplishment of these ecosystem-based fisheries management objectives ...
    • Choice of climate risk adaptive measures in shrimp farming—A case study from the Mekong, Vietnam 

      Le, Thi Thanh Ngan; Armstrong, Claire W. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-06)
      Extreme climate events challenge the livelihoods of shrimp farmers worldwide. A comprehensive analysis of farmers’ choices of adaptive measures is essential for developing approaches that can lessen the effects of these climate risks. This study presents the determinants that influence the choice of adaptive measures in response to two climate risks, drought, and irregular weather, using a survey ...
    • Conflicts and trade-offs in implementing the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) discard policy 

      Borges, Lisa; Nielsen, Kåre Nolde; Frangoudes, Katia; Armstrong, Claire W.; Borit, Melania (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2018-05-01)
      The introduction of the Landing Obligation (LO) is one of the most significant reform elements in the 2013 Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). In order to assess how the LO performs as a policy instrument, it is essential to understand the background, objectives and motivation that led to the policy being adopted. With these objectives in mind, a desk-study was first carried out to review relevant policy ...
    • A deliberative approach to valuation and precautionary management of cold water corals in Norway 

      Falk-Andersson, Jannike; Foley, Naomi; Armstrong, Claire W.; van den Hove, Sybille; van Rensburg, Thomas; Tinch, Rob (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-06-17)
      This paper explores management challenges in relation to human impacts on cold water corals (CWC) in Norway. CWC are a slow growing organism about which there is uncertainty regarding distribution and values. We discuss area closures to protect this environmental public good against destructive fishing practices. Focus groups were combined with questionnaires to inform precautionary management ...
    • Do we choose differently after a discussion? Results from a deliberative valuation study in Ireland 

      Aanesen, Margrethe; Armstrong, Claire W.; Van Rensburg, Tom M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      A criticism against individual-based stated preference surveys is that people seldom make choices in social isolation. An approach used in response to this is deliberative valuation. We conduct a series of valuation workshops including a choice experiment. This involves providing respondents with information and opportunity to discuss. They made their choices individually both before and after the ...
    • The ecological and economic value of cold-water coral ecosystems 

      Foley, Naomi; Armstrong, Claire W. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2010)
      Despite the growing scientific literature on cold-water corals (CWC) there appears to be no studies that address the economic values or economic management of the resource. This paper presents an overview of the goods and services of CWC and their associated biodiversity. Use and non-use values associated with CWC are presented, and the methods relevant for assessing their valuation are discussed. ...
    • Economic performance and capacity utilisation in vietnamese purse seine fishery 

      Cao, Thi Hong Nga; Eide, Arne; Armstrong, Claire W.; Long, Le Kim (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      This study identifies differences in vessel efficiency amongst purse seiners in Vietnamese fishery. Deterministic data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to assess relative capacity utilisation of each vessel, and double bootstrap DEA was adopted to overcome some of the drawbacks of nonparametric DEA. The study was based on a survey of costs and earnings from 52 purse seiners in 2016, revealing ...
    • Expert Assessment of Risks Posed by Climate Change and Anthropogenic Activities to Ecosystem Services in the Deep North Atlantic 

      Armstrong, Claire W.; Vondolia, Godwin Kofi; Foley, Naomi; Henry, Lea-Anne; Needham, Katherine; Ressurreição, Adriana (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-24)
      Sustainable development of the ocean is a central policy objective in Europe through the Blue Growth Strategy and globally through parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Achieving sustainable exploitation of deep sea resources is challenged due to the huge uncertainty around the many risks posed by human activities on these remote ecosystems and the goods and services they provide. We ...
    • Exploring Perspectives of the Validity, Legitimacy and Acceptability of Environmental Valuation using Q Methodology 

      Tinch, Rob; Ankamah-Yeboah, Isaac; Armstrong, Claire W. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12)
      The extension of market systems and economic appraisal methods to the natural world and allocation of scarce resources is highly controversial and viewed by some as unethical. This has resulted in questions about the appropriate role of valuation and appraisal methods in informing policy and decision-making. We address this issue by assessing the different points of view that exist in marine research, ...
    • Found in translation: identifying ecosystem services through public consultation statements in a marine spatial planning process 

      Sundsvold, Bente; Armstrong, Claire W. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-15)
      There has been a widespread push to incorporate ecosystem services (ES) in research and policy-making, yet ES have remained an expert-driven discourse not well integrated into hands-on planning and management, particularly at the more local levels. We carry out a retrospective investigation of an inter-municipal marine spatial planning (MSP) process in Northern Norway, where the allocation of new ...
    • Have environmental preferences and willingness to pay remained stable before and during the global Covid-19 shock? 

      Hynes, Stephen; Armstrong, Claire W.; Bui, Bich Xuân; Ankamah-Yeboah, Isaac; Tinch, Robert; Ressurreição, Adriana (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-07)
      This study tests the stability of environmental preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) values using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) across three countries pre and post the peak of the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. A DCE eamining the public’s preferences for alternative environmental management plans on the high seas, in the area of the Flemish Cap, was carried out in Canada, Scotland ...
    • Marine protected areas in a welfare-based perspective 

      Reithe, Siv; Armstrong, Claire W.; Flaaten, Ola (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-05-04)
      Assuming a broad set of fisheries management goals, this paper analyzes the implementation of a marine protected area (MPA) together with open access outside, applying a bioeconomic model that ensures unchanged growth post-MPA. Taking into account that conservation and restoration, food security, employment and social surplus are amongst the objectives that many managers include in fisheries management, ...
    • Marine reserve creation and interactions between fisheries and capture-based aquaculture: A bio-economic model analysis 

      Bui, Bich Xuan; Armstrong, Claire W. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-12-12)
      The rapid growth of aquaculture affects wild fisheries in several ways. We present a bioeconomic model of the interaction between a commercial wild fishery and capture-based aquaculture that depends on harvest of wild juveniles. We assume that aquaculture reduces the intrinsic growth rate of the wild fish stock due to wild caught juveniles used as seeds, influencing wild stock size and commercial ...
    • Measuring capacity utilization in fisheries using physical or economic variables: A data envelope analysis of a Vietnamese purse seine fishery 

      Cao, Thi Hong Nga; Eide, Arne; Armstrong, Claire W.; Long, Le Kim (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-26)
      Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) studies of fisheries usually apply output oriented capacity utilization based on physical measures. Although physical measures capture important input factors employed in fishing activities (such as boat size, engine power), economic measures directly reflect the cost of inputs employed. This case study investigates whether economic measures are vital or whether ...
    • "Når det blåser i fra ØST" - Om bruken av økosystemtjeneste-perspektivet i kystsoneplanleggingen 

      Hersoug, Bjørn; Armstrong, Claire W.; Brattland, Camilla; Eythórsson, Einar; Holmgaard, Sanne Bech; Johnsen, Jahn Petter; Kvalvik, Ingrid; Mikkelsen, Eirik Inge; Paudel, Keshav Prasad; Solås, Ann-Magnhild; Sundsvold, Bente; Sørdahl, Patrick Berg; Thuestad, Alma Elizabeth (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2019)
      Denne rapporten er et resultat av prosjektet Coreplan, som har undersøkt om metoder og tilnærminger som finnes i litteraturen om økosystemtjenester kan bidra til å styrke kystsoneforvaltningen. I rapporten diskuterer vi utviklingstrekk i norsk kystsoneplanlegging og hvordan utviklingen i bruken av kysten kan stille nye krav til kystsoneplanleggingen. Vi forklarer bakgrunnen for begrepet økosystemtjenester, ...
    • Nemo-effekten og koraller 

      Armstrong, Claire W.; Aanesen, Margrethe (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2014-05-07)
      Bryr den norske befolkningen seg om dyphavet og de organismer som lever der selv om vi ikke har noen direkte nytte av dem? Er vi villig til å ofre økonomisk aktivitet som fiskeri og oljevirksomhet for beskytte miljøet i dyphavet? Vår studie sier ja.
    • People do care about the deep sea. A comment on Jamieson et al. (2020) 

      Armstrong, Claire W.; Aanesen, Margrethe; Hynes, Stephen; Tinch, Robert (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-23)
      In a paper in this journal entitled “Fear and loathing of the deep sea: why don’t people care about the deep sea?”, Jamieson et al. (2020) pose this question and answer it with many interesting perspectives from psychology, ocean literacy and philosophy. However, there is an inherent assumption in the question they ask that people do not care about the deep sea. In order to assess this assumption, ...
    • The Political Game of European Fisheries Management 

      Aanesen, Margrethe; Armstrong, Claire W. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-14)
      European fisheries activities are subject to a hierarchy of regulatory authorities. This raises questions regarding the implications of strategic interaction between different authority levels concerning the regulation of these activities. We apply a bio-economic objective function where fishers and regulators have environmental, economic and social preferences, and where fishers are subject to ...