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Nanopharmaceuticals for improved topical vaginal delivery: Can they deliver?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)Nanopharmaceuticals have the potential to revolutionise medical treatment by permitting the design of more potent, less toxic “smart” therapeutics, ultimately leading to personalised medicine. This review summarises the challenges and potential uses of nanodelivery system for the topical drug therapy of vaginal diseases. The vaginal route of drug administration remains a challenge in the development ... -
The effect of lipid composition and liposome size on the release properties of liposomes-in-hydrogel
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)To study the release of liposome-associated drugs into hydrogels, we designed and synthesized two pH-sensitive rhodamine derivatives to use as model compounds of different lipophilicities. The dyes were fluorescent when in the free form released from liposomes into the chitosan hydrogel, but not when incorporated within liposomes. The effect of liposomal composition, surface charge and vesicle size ... -
Compositional differences in soybeans on the market: glyphosate accumulates in Roundup Ready GM soybeans
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014)This article describes the nutrient and elemental composition, including residues of herbicides and pesticides, of 31 soybean batches from Iowa, USA. The soy samples were grouped into three different categories: (i) genetically modified, glyphosate-tolerant soy (GM-soy); (ii) unmodified soy cultivated using a conventional ‘‘chemical’’ cultivation regime; and (iii) unmodified soy cultivated using an ... -
Structure-activity relationship studies of the aromatic positions in cyclopentapeptide CXCR4 antagonists
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)The cyclopentapeptide CXCR4 antagonist FC131 (cyclo(-Arg1-Arg2-2-Nal3-Gly4-D-Tyr5-), 2; 2-Nal = 3-(2-naphthyl)alanine) represents an excellent starting point for development of novel drug-like ligands with therapeutic potential in HIV, cancer, stem-cell mobilization, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. While the structure–activity relationships for Arg1, Arg2, and Gly4 are well established, less ... -
Pectosomes and Chitosomes as Delivery Systems for Metronidazole: The One-Pot Preparation Method
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)Mucoadhesive liposomes offer a potential for improved residence time of liposomal systems targeting contact with mucosal tissues, such as in buccal, oral, colon, and vaginal drug delivery. Most of the currently available methods rely on the coating of preformed liposomes by various mucoadhesive polymers. The aim of this study was to develop novel mucoadhesive system by the one-pot preparation method. ... -
Metodeutvikling og innledende kompatibilitetsstudie mellom antiinfektiva og Olimel N5E gjennom Y-sett infusjon til barn fra 10 - 50 kg
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-06)Total parenteral ernæring (TPN) gis forebyggende eller korrigerende mot feilernæring til pasienter hvor oral eller enteral ernæring vanskelig lar seg gjøre. TPN inneholder glukose, fett og aminorsyrer i tillegg til viktige vitaminer, sporelementer og elektrolytter. TPN er en steril olje-i-vann (o/v) emulsjon, stabilisert ved hjelp av en lecitin-emulgator. Scenario hvor legemiddel og TPN må administreres ... -
Kompatibilitet mellom legemidler og TPN gitt som parallellinfusjon til pediatriske pasienter - metodeutvikling og innledende tester med fem ulike legemidler og én total parenteral ernæringspose
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-06)Parallellinfusjon av legemidler og TPN via y-sett kan være ønskelig i tilfeller hvor det er mangel på nok intravenøse innganger. En slik administrering kan gi risiko for inkompatibiliteter som destabilisering av fettemulsjonen eller utfellinger i vannfasen. Det er mangel på kompatibilitetsdata mellom legemidler og TPN-blandinger gitt til barn. I denne studien ble det etablert og validert metoder for ... -
Sosioøkonomisk status og bruk av kosttilskudd blant middelaldrende kvinner – Kvinner og kreft-studien
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-06)Bakgrunn: Bruken av kosttilskudd i Norge har hatt en økning over de siste 20 årene, og man har liten oversikt over forbruket. Det har kommet fram av flere amerikanske studier at bruken av kosttilskudd varierer med enkelte sosioøkonomiske variabler, som at kvinner med høyskoleutdannelse bruker mer kosttilskudd enn kvinner med lavere utdannelse. Det er også vist at forbruket av kosttilskudd er høyere ... -
Development of liposomal formulation for green tea catechins targeted for the treatment of vaginal inflammation
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-20)Green tea catechins are well known for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. In this connection, catechins are thought to be potential candidates in prevention and treatment of diseases caused by oxidative damage. In addition, catechins have been shown to be effective in the treatment of genital warts. However, they exhibit low bioavailability and poor solubility, which limits their ... -
Legemiddelbruk og bruk av kosttilskudd blant middelaldrende kvinner i Norge – Kvinner og kreft-studien
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-20)Bakgrunn: Det finnes lite informasjon om bruk og feilbruk av kosttilskudd i Norge. I internasjonale studier er det vist at kronikere er de som bruker mest kosttilskudd, og mange forteller ikke legen om denne bruken. Det finnes rapporterte tilfeller over interaksjoner mellom legemidler og kosttilskudd, men det finnes få studier om dette i Norge. Formål: Formålet med oppgaven er å beskrive forbruket ... -
Development of chitosan-coated liposomes for improved therapy of vaginal infections: clotrimazole as model drug
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05)For many drugs the vaginal route of administration is favorable, particularly for local therapy of specific gynecological diseases such as vaginal infections. A large variety of pharmaceutical preparations have been developed for vaginal delivery, nevertheless, the efficiency of currently available dosage forms is often limited by their poor retention time at the vaginal site. Physiological changes ... -
Biological and chemical characterization of ianthelline isolated from a marine sponge
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-05-20)Abstract Previous studies of sponges have led to the discovery of the commercially available drugs cytarabin and vidarabin. The arctic sponge Stryphnus fortis showed antibacterial and anticancer activity in the primary screening in the MabCent screening program; most likely from more than one compound. Dereplication with TOF-MS suggested the presence of ianthelline as one of the active compounds. ... -
Optimization of antimicrobial wound dressings: liposomal hydrogels with mupirocin
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-20)Skin injuries represent an important health problem that needs to be managed properly in order to avoid serious consequences in terms of morbidity, disability and life quality. The current focus in wound therapy is on upholding the moisture balance in the wound bed and protection against pathogenic invasion. Wound dressings in a form of hydrogels incorporating antimicrobials, such as the antibiotic ... -
Studier av mekanismer for subcellulær lokalisering av transkripsjonsfaktoren FoxO3a og regulering av FoxO3a-mediert transkripsjon
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-20)Lokalisering av FoxO transkripsjonsfaktorer reguleres av posttranslasjonelle modifikasjoner (PTM) som involverer fosforylering, ubiquitinering, acetylering og deacetylering. Disse modifikasjonene har betydning for subcellulær lokalisering av FoxO3a som videre kan regulere cellesyklus arrest, apoptose og autofagi. I tillegg spiller FoxO transkripsjonsfaktorer en viktig rolle for utvikling av kreft, ... -
En søken etter stabile sirkulerende biomarkører ved bruk av stor-skala miRNA profilering av humane brystkreftcellelinjer
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-06-13)En av de store utfordringene innenfor kreftforskning, er å finne og identifisere stabile biomarkører som kan brukes til diagnostisering. I 2008 ble miRNA for første gang detektert i blod, siden har det også blitt detektert i andre kroppsvæsker. Ekstracellulære miRNA er godt egnet som potensielle biomarkører, siden de har vist seg å være svært stabile i kroppsvæsker uten å bli degradert av ribonukleaser. ... -
En rolle for MK5 i cellesyklus-progresjon?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-06-06)Cellesyklus er sekvensen av hendelser som produserer to datterceller fra en celle. Cellesyklus er en reguleringsprosess som er nøye kontrollert og regulert av såkalte cyklinavhengig kinaser (CDK). Protein fosforylering er en kontrollmekanisme som regulerer de fleste aspekter av cellulært liv som for eksempel signaloverføring, metabolisme og cellesyklus progresjon. Enzymene som katalysere fosforyleringen ... -
Potentials of Chitosan-based Delivery Systems in Wound Therapy: Bioadhesion Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)Chitosan is currently proposed to be one of the most promising polymers in wound dressing development. Our research focuses on its potential as a vehicle for nano-delivery systems destined for burn therapy. One of the most important features of wound dressing is its bioadhesion to the wounded site. We compared the bioadhesive properties of chitosan with those of Carbopol, a synthetic origin polymer. ... -
Dacarbazine and the Agonistic TRAIL Receptor-2 Antibody Lexatumumab Induce Synergistic Anticancer Effects in Melanoma
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)Mapatumumab and lexatumumab (targeting death receptor 4 (DR4) and 5 (DR5), respectively) are agonistic TRAIL receptor antibodies that induce apoptosis in a wide range of cancer cells. The potency of mapatumumab and lexatumumab was assessed in mono therapy protocols, and the ability to sensitize for dacarbazine (DTIC) treatment was explored in ten different melanoma cell lines. Our data indicated ... -
Natural Transformation Facilitates Transfer of Transposons, Integrons and Gene Cassettes between Bacterial Species
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)We have investigated to what extent natural transformation acting on free DNA substrates can facilitate transfer of mobile elements including transposons, integrons and/or gene cassettes between bacterial species. Naturally transformable cells of Acinetobacter baylyi were exposed to DNA from integron-carrying strains of the genera Acinetobacter, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, ... -
Characterization and Cytotoxicity Studies of the Rare 21:4 n-7 Acid and Other Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from the Marine Opisthobranch Scaphander lignarius, Isolated Using Bioassay Guided Fractionation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)The marine opisthobranch Scaphander lignarius has been analyzed in the systematic search for novel bioactive compounds in Arctic marine organisms using bioassay guided fractionation. A number of highly cytotoxic fractions were shown to contain mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Selected PUFAs were isolated and identified using both liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear ...
