Arctic food biographies. An ethnographic study of food and health in everyday life of elderly Arctic women
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https://hdl.handle.net/10037/19903View/ Open
Date
2020-12-04Type
Doctoral thesisDoktorgradsavhandling
Author
Kvitberg, TrineAbstract
The aim of the ethnographic study described was to listen sensitively and give voice to elderly Arctic women’s personal food biographies and everyday experiences of living in small coastal towns and inland areas of Norway’s Circumpolar North, North West Russia and Greenland. These specified geographical contexts were selected because they have been the focus of the Arctic and Global Health research activities at the University of Tromso (UiT) on food, health and sociocultural changes in the Arctic. The focal point of the ethnographic research described in this thesis is indigenous women’s everyday life experiences on food and health in an Arctic context.
Ethnographic interviews were conducted with the participants in their Arctic kitchens. They involved personal encounters with 16 story tellers who, in a positive manner, substantiated the themes in the written accounts. Three detailed personal stories are featured in this dissertation. In the evaluation of these ethnographic interviews, attention is paid to how the participants tell their stories and express their health and wellbeing in everyday life through their personal food biographies. The interviews demonstrate a confluence of practices and among them eating traditional food is a key factor to everyday life, health and well-being. The thesis is written from a critical medical anthropological perspective. This perspective gives voice to individual experiences and the consequences that social forces (political, economic, cultural, institutional and religious) can inflict on human experience. These perspectives influenced the form of the interviews and account for why they turned personal. This allows the reader to be touched by the personal stories.
The thesis illustrates how colonization expresses itself in the form of bodily pain in the individual body. It is demonstrated that researchers methodologically can recognize and experience such embodied experiences of pain by establishing trust in relation to the participants and listening sensitively to words, pauses, silences, tone of voice and body language. Furthermore, the study shows what the participants mean by health and well-being, namely to have access to the traditional food one likes to eat and identify with. The findings in this study indicate how lack of access to the local traditional food intensified the elderly women's feelings of exclusion and marginalization. In short, the dissertation shows how individuals express experiences of colonization through their stories of traditional food and eating habits and that being deprived of such access can contribute to social and bodily pain.
Målet med den etnografiske studien som er beskrevet i denne avhandlingen var å lytte sensitivt og gi stemme til eldre arktiske kvinners personlige matbiografier og hverdagsliv erfaringer av å bo i små kystbyer og innlandsområder i det sirkumpolare Nord Norge, Nordvest Russland og Grønland. Den geografiske konteksten ble valgt fordi det har vært i fokus for Arktis og Global Helse forskningsaktiviteter ved Universitetet i Tromso (UiT) på mat, helse og sosiokulturelle endringer i Arktis. Fokuspunktet i den etnografiske studien er urfolkskvinners’ hverdagsliv erfaringer om mat og helse i en arktisk kontekst.
Etnografiske intervjuer ble gjennomført med studie deltakerne på deres arktiske kjøkken. Intervjuene fant sted i personlige møter med 16 historiefortellere som på en positiv måte understøttet temaene i de tre tekstene i avhandlingen. Tre detaljerte personlige historier er skrevet frem. De etnografiske intervjuene viser hvordan deltakerne forteller sine historier med ord, kropp og uttrykker helse og velvære i hverdagen gjennom sine personlige matbiografier. Intervjuene viser et samløp av aktiviteter, og deriblant er det å spise tradisjonell mat en nøkkelfaktor for helse og velvære i hverdagslivet. Studien er skrevet fra et kritisk medisinsk antropologisk perspektiv. Den teoretiske tilnærmingen gir stemme til personlige erfaringer og konsekvensene som sosiale krefter (politiske, økonomiske, institusjonelle, religiøse, kulturelle) kan påføre menneskers erfaringer. Disse perspektivene gir plass til enkeltindividet og viser den personlige formen intervjuene tok som kan bringe leseren i berøring med historiene.
Avhandlingen viser hvordan kolonisering uttrykkes i form av kroppslige smerter i individuelle kropper. Metodologisk kan forskeren komme på sporet av den sosiale smerten ved å etablere tillit i forhold til deltakerne og lytte sensitivt til ord, pauser, stillhet, tonefall og kroppsspråk. Videre viser studien hva helse og velvære betyr i hverdagen til deltagerne, nemlig å ha tilgang til den tradisjonelle maten man liker å spise og identifisere seg med. Funnene i denne studien belyser hvordan manglende tilgang til lokal tradisjonell mat forsterket de eldre kvinnenes følelser av eksklusjon og marginalisering. Kort fortalt viser avhandlingen hvordan enkeltpersoner uttrykker erfaringer av kolonisering gjennom sine historier om tradisjonelle mat- og spisevaner og at det å bli fratatt slik tilgang kan bidra til sosiale og kroppslige smerter.
Has part(s)
Paper 1: Kvitberg, T. (2015). “Suffering in Body and Soul” Lived Life and Experiences of Local Food Change in the Russian Arctic. In Miller, B.H. (Ed.), Idioms of Sami Health and Healing (Vol. 2, pp. 103-130). Edmonton, Alberta, Canada: The University of Alberta Press. Published version not available in Munin due to publisher’s restrictions. Book available at https://www.uap.ualberta.ca/titles/475-9781772120882-idioms-of-sami-health-and-healing.
Paper 2: Kvitberg, T. & Flikke, R. (2016). «Wanting Greenlandic food» A story of food, health and illness in the life of an elderly Greenlandic woman. In Naskali, P.I., Seppänen, M. & Begum, S. (Eds.), Ageing, Wellbeing and Climate Change in the Arctic (pp. 181-195). London & New York: Routledge Advances in Climate Change Research. Published version not available in Munin due to publisher’s restrictions. Book available at https://www.routledge.com/Ageing-Wellbeing-and-Climate-Change-in-the-Arctic-An-interdisciplinary/Naskali-Seppanen-Begum/p/book/9780815357018.
Paper 3: Kvitberg, T. (2019). “We Do Not Eat Luxury Food”: A Story About Food and Health in an Old Sami Woman’s Everyday Life in Norway. In: Naskali, P., Harbison, J. & Begum, S. (Eds), New Challenges to Ageing in the Rural North. International Perspectives on Aging, Vol 22. Springer, Cham. Published version not available in Munin due to publisher’s restrictions. Published version available at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20603-1_14.
Publisher
UiT The Arctic University of NorwayUiT Norges arktiske universitet
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