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dc.contributor.authorKreis, Isabel Viola
dc.contributor.authorBiegler, Robert
dc.contributor.authorTjelmeland, Håkon
dc.contributor.authorMittner, Matthias
dc.contributor.authorReitan, Solveig Merete Klæbo
dc.contributor.authorPfuhl, Gerit
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-15T08:49:05Z
dc.date.available2021-01-15T08:49:05Z
dc.date.issued2021-01-07
dc.description.abstract<i>Background and objectives</i> - A plethora of studies has investigated and compared social cognition in autism and schizophrenia ever since both conditions were first described in conjunction more than a century ago. Recent computational theories have proposed similar mechanistic explanations for various symptoms beyond social cognition. They are grounded in the idea of a general misestimation of uncertainty but so far, almost no studies have directly compared both conditions regarding uncertainty processing. The current study aimed to do so with a particular focus on estimation of volatility, i.e. the probability for the environment to change.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - A probabilistic decision-making task and a visual working (meta-)memory task were administered to a sample of 86 participants (19 with a diagnosis of high-functioning autism, 21 with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, and 46 neurotypically developing individuals).<p> <p><i>Results</i> - While persons with schizophrenia showed lower visual working memory accuracy than neurotypical individuals, no significant group differences were found for metamemory or any of the probabilistic decision-making task variables. Nevertheless, exploratory analyses suggest that there may be an overestimation of volatility in subgroups of participants with autism and schizophrenia. Correlations revealed relationships between different variables reflecting (mis)estimation of uncertainty, visual working memory accuracy and metamemory.<p> <p><i>Limitations</i> - Limitations include the comparably small sample sizes of the autism and the schizophrenia group as well as the lack of cognitive ability and clinical symptom measures.<p> <p><i>Conclusions</i> - The results of the current study provide partial support for the notion of a general uncertainty misestimation account of autism and schizophrenia.en_US
dc.identifier.citationKreis IV, Biegler R, Tjelmeland H, Mittner M, Reitan SKR, Pfuhl G. Overestimation of volatility in schizophrenia and autism? A comparative study using a probabilistic reasoning task. PLOS ONE. 2021en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 1867579
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244975
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/20287
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.relation.ispartofKreis, I.V. (2021). Metacognition and decision-making in schizophrenia: Exploring how aberrant processing and representation of uncertainty may explain cognitive-behavioral biases. (Doctoral thesis). <a href=https://hdl.handle.net/10037/20694>https://hdl.handle.net/10037/20694</a>
dc.relation.journalPLOS ONE
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/FRIMEDBIO/262338/Norway/Too precise or too imprecise: which parameter is gone awry in autism and psychosis//en_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2021 The Author(s)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Social science: 200::Psychology: 260en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Psykologi: 260en_US
dc.titleOverestimation of volatility in schizophrenia and autism? A comparative study using a probabilistic reasoning tasken_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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