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dc.contributor.advisorDyrendal, Asbjørn
dc.contributor.authorTøllefsen, Inga Bårdsen
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-19T10:16:12Z
dc.date.available2021-11-19T10:16:12Z
dc.date.issued2021-12-09
dc.description.abstractThe topic of this dissertation is Nordic yoga practitioners’ perspectives on yoga, religion, and spirituality, based on a questionnaire and interviews. In the monograph I explore who the Nordic yoga respondents are, why they have started (and continued) a yoga practice, and their attitudes and alignment to traditional religion, non-religion and subjective spiritualities. In the contemporary popular view, yoga is typically associated with postural yoga as a fitness – or exercise activity that mainly engages the physical body (Jain 2015). Popular culture presents yoga as a health-promoting activity which enables the individual to better withstand stress, and as an aid in a culturally mandated quest for self-development and self-improvement. However, as it emerges in my material, yoga is also understood as a mind-body practice that connects the mental and the physical (and perhaps spiritual) aspects of a person in a way other forms of exercise do not. Respondents’ practices encompass everything from sitting meditation and expressions of personal devotion, to intensely physical, secular asana practice. An important aspect of this dissertation is yoga respondents’ “conversion” stories. There are many reasons why respondents have started a yoga practice, but health and social connections emerge as most common. Traveling is also an unexpectedly important factor in respondents’ yoga encounters. For most practitioners, yoga is not connected to religion. The category religion is primarily understood as organized, institutionalized world religion (in this case Lutheran Christianity) and as staid and undesirable – even among the respondents who self-define as Christian. Most respondents, however, are "nones" and/ or subjectively spiritual. In the yoga material, non-religion and spirituality are not mutually exclusive. However, yoga respondents take inspiration from yoga spirituality/ philosophy and modern, western Buddhism much more than from New Age or alternative spirituality. In addition to better health and quality of life, modern postural yoga offers respondents a ritualistic framework and an ethical orientation that fits a contemporary culture that embraces personal and aesthetic experience, being present in the body, and constructing places and activities that are both social and individualistic – and most of all meaningful (Frisk and Åkerbäck 2015).en_US
dc.description.abstractDenne studien undersøker nordiske yogapraktiserendes perspektiver på yoga, religion og spiritualitet basert på en spørreundersøkelse og intervjuer. I monografien utforsker jeg hvem de nordiske yogarespondentene er, hvorfor de har startet (og fortsatt) en yogapraksis, og deres holdninger og tilhørighet til tradisjonell religion, ikke-religion og subjektiv spiritualitet. I samtidens populære forståelse er yoga oftest assosiert med stillinger (asana), og med å være en treningsaktivitet som i hovedsak handler om den fysiske kroppen (Jain 2015). Populærkulturen presenterer yoga som en helsefremmende aktivitet som gir individet muligheten til å dempe stress, og som en del av en kulturelt meningsgivende søken mot selvutvikling og -forbedring. Likevel, slik yoga kommer frem i mitt materiale forstås det også som en «mind-body practice» som knytter sammen mentale og fysiske (og kanskje også spirituelle) menneskelige aspekter på en måte som andre treningsformer ikke gjør. Respondentenes praksisformer omfatter alt fra sittende meditasjon og uttrykk for personlig hengivenhet til intens fysisk og sekulær asana-praksis. Et viktig aspekt i denne avhandlingen er yogarespondentenes «konverterings»-historier. Det er mange grunner til at respondentene har startet med yoga, og helse og sosiale forbindelser er de to viktigste. Reising er også en uventet men viktig faktor i respondentenes møte med yoga. For de fleste respondentene er ikke yoga knyttet til religion. Kategorien religion er hovedsakelig forstått som organisert og institusjonalisert verdensreligion (i dette tilfellet lutheransk kristendom) og som noe stillestående og uønsket. De fleste respondentene er derimot «nones» (ikke-religiøse) og/ eller subjektivt spirituelle. I yogamaterialet er ikke det sekulære og det subjektivt spirituelle motsetninger. Men, yogarespondentene henter inspirasjon fra yogaspiritualitet eller -filosofi og moderne, sekulær buddhisme heller enn fra New Age og alternativ spiritualitet. I tillegg til bedre helse og livskvalitet gir yogaen respondentene et rituelt og etisk rammeverk som passer et moderne samfunn og en moderne kultur som omfavner personlige og estetiske opplevelser, det å være til stede i egen kropp, og det å skape steder og aktiviteter som er både sosiale og individualistiske – og mest av alt meningsfulle (Frisk og Åkerbäck 2015).en_US
dc.description.doctoraltypeph.d.en_US
dc.description.popularabstractThe topic of this dissertation is Nordic yoga practitioners’ perspectives on yoga, religion, and spirituality, based on a questionnaire and interviews. In the monograph I explore who the Nordic yoga respondents are, why they have started (and continued) a yoga practice, and what they think about traditional religion, non-religion and subjective spiritualities. Yoga is typically associated with physical fitness or exercise, and popular culture presents yoga as a health-promoting activity that decreases stress and helps with self-development and self-improvement. However, in my material yoga is also understood as a mind-body practice that connects the mental and the physical (and perhaps spiritual) aspects of a person in a way other forms of exercise do not. Respondents’ practices encompass everything from sitting meditation and expressions of personal devotion, to intensely physical, secular asana practice. There are many reasons why respondents have started a yoga practice, but health and social connections emerge as most common. Traveling is also an unexpectedly important factor in respondents’ yoga encounters. For most practitioners yoga is not connected to religion. and they prefer to self-defines as "nones" and/ or subjectively spiritual. In the yoga material, non-religion and spirituality are not mutually exclusive. However, yoga respondents take inspiration from yoga spirituality/ philosophy and modern, western Buddhism much more than from New Age or alternative spirituality. In addition to better health and quality of life, modern postural yoga offers respondents a form of ritual and an ethical orientation that fits contemporary culture (Frisk and Åkerbäck 2015). Yoga is about personal and aesthetic experience, about being present in the body, and about constructing places and activities that are both social and individualistic – and most of all meaningful. I have been able to find some patterns that tentatively can be applied to the wider yoga milieu, and with this dissertation I hope to to advance knowledge about yoga, religion, and spirituality in a Nordic context.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/23086
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherUiT Norges arktiske universiteten_US
dc.publisherUiT The Arctic University of Norwayen_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2021 The Author(s)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Humanities: 000::Theology and religious science: 150::Religious science, religious history: 153en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Humaniora: 000::Teologi og religionsvitenskap: 150::Religionsvitenskap, religionshistorie: 153en_US
dc.subjectYogaen_US
dc.subjectYogaen_US
dc.subjectGenderen_US
dc.subjectKjønnen_US
dc.subjectReligionen_US
dc.subjectReligionen_US
dc.subjectSpiritualityen_US
dc.subjectSpiritualiteten_US
dc.subjectNew Ageen_US
dc.subjectNew Ageen_US
dc.subjectAlternativeen_US
dc.subjectAlternativen_US
dc.titleBetween sports and subjective spirituality: Nordic yoga practitioners' perspectives on yoga, religion, and spiritualityen_US
dc.typeDoctoral thesisen_US
dc.typeDoktorgradsavhandlingen_US


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