This paper reviews the changing environments, developing landforms and terrestrial stratigraphy during the Early and Middle Pleistocene stages in Scotland. Cold stages after 2.7 Ma brought mountain ice caps and lowland permafrost, but larger ice sheets were short-lived. The late Early and Middle Pleistocene sedimentary record found offshore indicates more than 10 advances of ice sheets from ...

<p>The northwestern Barents Sea continental margin is a structurally complex area characterized by a series of basins and highs. It’s Cenozoic development was influenced by: 1) the formation of the Spitsbergen fold-andthrust belt towards the north and a pull-apart basin, the Vestbakken Volcanic Province, to the south, and 2) the subsequent rifting and opening of the Fram Strait, the deep-water gateway ...

Chemical signatures in the calcite of shells of polar and subpolar planktonic foraminifera have been frequently used to trace and quantify past meltwater discharge events. This approach assumes that the foraminifera can tolerate low salinity under extended periods. To obtain a first experimental constraint on salinity tolerance of Subarctic foraminifera, we carried out a culturing experiment with ...

We conducted general shear experiments on synthetic mixtures of quartz and muscovite aggregates at 800 °C and 1.5 GPa with 0.1 wt% H₂O added in the Griggs apparatus to investigate the role of muscovite content on the microstructural evolution and rheological properties of quartz aggregates. Muscovite content varied between 0, 5, 10 and 25% muscovite. Mechanically, the sample strengths ...

Highly negative δ¹³C values in fossil foraminifera from methane cold seeps have been proposed to reflect episodes of methane release from gas hydrate dissociation or free gas reservoirs triggered by climatic changes in the past. Because most studies on live foraminifera are based on the presence of Rose Bengal staining, that colors the cytoplasm of both live and recently dead individuals ...

Coastal seas may account for more than 75 % of global oceanic methane emissions. There, methane is mainly produced microbially in anoxic sediments from which it can escape to the overlying water column. Aerobic methane oxidation (MOx) in the water column acts as a biological filter, reducing the amount of methane that eventually evades to the atmosphere. The efficiency of the MOx filter is potentially ...

By analyzing a data set from the European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) Very High Frequency (VHF) radar at Tromsø, we find that both radar reflectivity and upward ion velocity in a polar mesospheric summer echo (PMSE) layer simultaneously increased at the commencement of a local geomagnetic disturbance, which occurred at midnight on 9 July 2013. The onset of the upward velocity was followed by periodic ...

The dynamics of ice sheet interiors during the last deglaciation are poorly constrained, hindering evaluation of ice sheet models. We provide direct evidence of Fennoscandian Ice Sheet (FIS) interior behaviour during deglaciation through surface exposure dating. Our results demonstrate early thinning of the FIS, prior to the Younger Dryas (YD, 12.8‐11.7 ka). Interior thinning in central Norway was ...

The European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory (EMSO) European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) provides power, communications, sensors, and data infrastructure for continuous, high-resolution, (near-)real-time, interactive ocean observations across a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary range of research areas including biology, geology, chemistry, physics, ...

Global warming is most pronounced in the Arctic as evident from the massive sea ice loss during the past few decades. The Mid-Pliocene Warm Period (MPWP), 3.264 – 3.025 million years ago with similar CO2 levels, is the nearest analogue for understanding the impacts of future global warming. High-resolution studies of relative nutrient utilization and productivity from the Atlantic-Arctic Gateway ...