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dc.contributor.advisorDahl, Espen
dc.contributor.authorRolfsen, Theodor Sandal
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-25T21:23:06Z
dc.date.available2022-09-25T21:23:06Z
dc.date.issued2022-11-10
dc.description.abstractIn the present thesis, I ask why immanence (the world) and transcendence (God) has often been thought to be in conflict with each other, and attempt to think their relation differently. Both are done by interpreting immanence as revolving around the phenomenon of enjoyment. I argue that the Christians of the early Church saw detachment from worldly pleasures through ascetic practice as a requirement for orienting oneself towards God. Through Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophical critique of Christianity, I explore the argument for why belief in that which transcends the world necessarily leads to a condemnation of worldly life, and why Nietzsche believed that faith in transcendence is borne out of a hostility towards life. I then turn to the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas and his understanding of the relation between enjoyment and transcendence, which occupies the larger part of the present thesis. I track the development of his analysis of enjoyment throughout his works, and demonstrate how thinking enjoyment and transcendence in a non-oppositional way is a core aspect of his project. My worldly existence is, according to Levinas, oriented around the possibility of enjoyment and the happiness it leads to. The fact that human life has a relation to transcendence entails for him that humanity is concerned with more than happiness, namely my responsibility to other human beings. I thus learn to give away and sacrifice what I enjoy. This, however, is not opposed to enjoyment. I conclude with a discussion of how the themes of enjoyment and transcendence appears in of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s celebrated novel The Brothers Karamazov.en_US
dc.description.abstractI denne doktorgradstesen spør jeg hvorfor immanens (verden) og transcendens (Gud) ofte har blitt tenkt som motsetninger, og prøver å tenke deres relasjon annerledes. Begge mål blir oppnådd ved å tenke immanens som orientert rundt fenomenet nytelse. Jeg argumenterer for at de kristne i den tidlige kirken så løsrivelse fra verdslige nytelse som nødvendig for å orientere seg selv imot Gud. Gjennom Friedrich Nietzsche’s filosofiske kritikk av Kristendommen utforsker jeg argumentet for hvorfor tro på det transcendente nødvendigvis leder til en fordømmelse av det verdslige liv, og hvorfor Nietzsche mente at tro på transcendens er født ut av et hat til livet. Jeg går så over til filosofen Emmanuel Levinas og hans forståelse av relasjonen mellom nytelse og transcendens, som opptar brorparten av denne doktorgradstesen. Jeg sporer utviklingen av hans nytelsesanalyse gjennom verkene hans, og demonstrerer hvordan det å tenke nytelse og transcendens slik at de ikke står i motsetning til hverandre er en viktig del av hans prosjekt. I følge Levinas er min verdslige eksistens orientert rundt muligheten for nytelse og lykken dette fører til. Det faktum at mennesket har en relasjon til transcendens betyr for ham at mennesker er bekymret om mer enn lykke, nemlig ansvaret mitt til andre mennesker. Jeg kan derfor lære å gi vekk og ofre det jeg nyter. Dette er ikke i motsetning til nytelse. Jeg konkluderer med en diskusjon om hvordan nytelse og transcendens dukker opp som temaer i Fjodor Dostojevskijs Brødrene Karamasov.en_US
dc.description.doctoraltypeph.d.en_US
dc.description.popularabstractIn the present thesis, I ask why immanence (the world) and transcendence (God) has often been thought to be in conflict with each other, and attempt to think their relation differently. Both are done by interpreting immanence as revolving around the phenomenon of enjoyment. I argue that the Christians of the early Church saw detachment from worldly pleasures through ascetic practice as a requirement for orienting oneself towards God. Through Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophical critique of Christianity, I explore the argument for why belief in that which transcends the world necessarily leads to a condemnation of worldly life, and why Nietzsche believed that faith in transcendence is borne out of a hostility towards life. I then turn to the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas and his understanding of the relation between enjoyment and transcendence, which occupies the larger part of the present thesis. I track the development of his analysis of enjoyment throughout his works, and demonstrate how thinking enjoyment and transcendence in a non-oppositional way is a core aspect of his project. My worldly existence is, according to Levinas, oriented around the possibility of enjoyment and the happiness it leads to. The fact that human life has a relation to transcendence entails for him that humanity is concerned with more than happiness, namely my responsibility to other human beings. I thus learn to give away and sacrifice what I enjoy. This, however, is not opposed to enjoyment. I conclude with a discussion of how the themes of enjoyment and transcendence appears in of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s celebrated novel The Brothers Karamazov.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/26901
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherUiT Norges arktiske universiteten_US
dc.publisherUiT The Arctic University of Norwayen_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2022 The Author(s)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Humaniora: 000::Teologi og religionsvitenskap: 150::Teologi: 151en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Humanities: 000::Theology and religious science: 150::Theology: 151en_US
dc.titleEnjoyment and Transcendenceen_US
dc.typeDoctoral thesisen_US
dc.typeDoktorgradsavhandlingen_US


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