The subject of this thesis is self-organization, chaos and stochastic dynamics in laboratory plasmas, the magnetosphere, and in the Earth's climate system. For each of these systems we pose the question whether the global dynamics can be described by a set of a few variables governed by the same small number of deterministic equations. This problem is not trivial, because low-dimensional ...

This work presents a study of the electron plasma lines observed by the incoherent scatter radar EISCAT. The work is focusing on two parts. On one hand, the design of a plasma line experiment for the EISCAT system with an improved spatial resolution. On the other hand, the comparison of the plasma line data collected with the EISCAT radar with an improved model for the intensity and the Doppler ...

This thesis describes general methods to analyse polarimetric synthetic aperture radar images, with the primary application of unsupervised image segmentation. The fundamental physics of electromagnetic scattering from distributed targets leads to the image phenomenon called speckle. Speckle is shown to be potentially non-Gaussian and several statistical distributions are investigated. Non-Gaussianity ...

What causes the escape of natural gases to the seafloor and how significant this escape has been along the mid-Norwegian continental margin? These are questions that guided the doctoral thesis. The thesis is part of a research project supported by the European Commission and the Norwegian Research Council, which aims at quantifying geological processes that control fluid flow and gas hydrate formation ...

The topic of this thesis is relative depth estimation using interferometric sidelooking sonar. We give a thorough description of the geometry of interferometric sonar and of time delay estimation techniques. We present a novel solution for the depth estimate using sidelooking sonar, and review the cross-correlation function, the cross-uncertainty function and the phase-differencing technique. We ...

NORSK SAMANDRAG: <br>Denne avhandlinga tek for seg endringane i relativt havnivå – strandforskyvinga – dei siste vel 11.500 åra på kysten av Finnmark og i midtre Hardanger. Ei stor mengd kjerneprøver frå avsettingane i innsjøar som ein gong låg under havnivået, er henta inn og analysert. Grenser mellom sediment som vart avsett i salt- eller ferskvatn er bestemt ved å analysere både kiselalgar ...

This thesis presents methods for statistical analysis of the probability distributions used to model multilook polarimetric radar images. The methods are based on a matrix-variate version of Mellin's integral transform. The proposed theoretical framework is referred to as Mellin kind statistics. It is an extension of a theory recently developed for single polarisation amplitude and intensity data ...

This thesis is concerned with computer modelling of molecules interacting with electromagnetic radiation (light, radio waves, etc.), static electric and magnetic fields (in the laboratory), as well as approximate treatments of the motions of the molecules' atomic nuclei (vibration). Compared to interactions between electrons or between electron and nucleus, these interactions are small, and well ...

To contribute to the fundamental picture of the electronic structure of low-coordinate transition metal complexes, we have carried out a series of DFT studies on mono-imido and nitrosyl complexes for different metal ions (Mn^II/III, Fe^II/III/IV, Co^II/III) and different systems of basal ligands. These studies reveal striking similarities of the electronic structure ...