Institutt for klinisk medisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 501-520 of 1804
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Kennedy disease in two sisters with biallelic CAG expansions of the androgen receptor gene
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-19)We present a retrospective 21-year follow-up of two sisters with X-linked biallelic CAG expansions in the androgen receptor (AR) gene causing Kennedy disease. Two sisters inherited CAG expansions from their mother who was a carrier and their father who had Kennedy disease. Genetic testing revealed alleles comprising 43/45, and 43/43 CAG repeats in the younger and older sister, respectively. They ... -
No improvement of sleep from vitamin D supplementation: insights from a randomized controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-19)<i><p>Background</i> Vitamin D has been linked to sleep health in observational studies. Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with vitamin D is scarce. <i><p>Methods</i> This study presents the results of a secondary analysis of 189 vitamin D insufficient participants (47.1% women) in a previously performed RCT, of which 92 were randomized to vitamin D (100,000 IU (2500 μg) as a ... -
Randomized Trial of Interleukin-6 Receptor Inhibition in Patients With Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-12)<p><i>Background - </i>Prompt myocardial revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduces infarct size and improves outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, as much as 50% of the loss of viable myocardium may be attributed to the reperfusion injury and the associated inflammatory response. <p><i>Objectives - </i>This study sought ... -
An artificial neural network approach integrating plasma proteomics and genetic data identifies PLXNA4 as a new susceptibility locus for pulmonary embolism
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-07)Venous thromboembolism is the third common cardiovascular disease and is composed of two entities, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and its potential fatal form, pulmonary embolism (PE). While PE is observed in~ 40% of patients with documented DVT, there is limited biomarkers that can help identifying patients at high PE risk. To fll this need, we implemented a two hidden-layers artifcial neural ... -
A single-cell type transcriptomics map of human tissues
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-28)Advances in molecular profiling have opened up the possibility to map the expression of genes in cells, tissues, and organs in the human body. Here, we combined single-cell transcriptomics analysis with spatial antibodybased protein profiling to create a high-resolution single–cell type map of human tissues. An open access atlas has been launched to allow researchers to explore the expression of ... -
An in-depth implementation study of the Greenlandic parenting program MANU’s initial stages of implementation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-22)In Greenland, the universal parenting programme MANU was developed in 2016. After documenting the initial years of MANU’s implementation, this study aimed to identify implementation determinants focusing on i) which context MANU was conceptualised in and how it was developed and ii) how MANU was implemented and initially received in the healthcare system. A qualitative in-depth implementation ... -
Blir retningslinjer for behandling av mindre alvorlige hodeskader fulgt?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-03)<p><b>BAKGRUNN</b> De skandinaviske retningslinjene for akutt håndtering av voksne med minimal, lett eller moderat hodeskade har som mål å identifisere pasienter med risiko for å utvikle intrakranialt hematom samt å unngå unødvendig computertomografi (CT) og sykehusinnleggelse. Vi undersøkte etterlevelsen av retningslinjene ved Universitetssykehuset Nord-Norge Tromsø. <p><b>MATERIALE OG ... -
Identifying anti-TNF response biomarkers in ulcerative colitis using a diffusion-based signalling model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-18)<p><i>Motivation:</i> Resistance to anti-TNF therapy in subgroups of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients is a major challenge and incurs significant treatment costs. Identification of patients at risk of nonresponse to anti-TNF is of major clinical importance. To date, no quantitative computational framework exists to develop a complex biomarker for the prognosis of UC treatment. Modelling patient-wise ... -
Decompression with or without Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-05)BACKGROUND In patients with lumbar spinal stenosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis, it is uncertain whether decompression surgery alone is noninferior to decompression with instrumented fusion. METHODS We conducted an open-label, multicenter, noninferiority trial involving patients with symptomatic lumbar stenosis that had not responded to conservative management and who had single-level ... -
Remote Monitoring of CIEDs—For Both Safety, Economy and Convenience?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-28)Cardiac implantable electronic devices such as pacemakers and defibrillators are increasingly monitored by systems transmitting information directly from the patient to the hospital. This may increase safety and patient satisfaction and also under certain circumstances represent an economic advantage. The review summarizes some of the recent research in the field of remote monitoring of cardiac devices. -
Sperm mitochondrial DNA copy numbers in normal and abnormal semen analysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-25)Background: Normal mature sperm have a considerably reduced number of mitochondria, which provide the energy required for progressive sperm motility. Literature suggests that disorders of sperm motility may be linked to abnormal sperm mitochondrial number and function.<p> <p>Objectives: To summarise the evidence from literature regarding the association of mitochondrial DNA copy numbers and semen ... -
Serological evidence of hepatitis e virus infection in semi-domesticated eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-25)Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a common cause of viral hepatitis in humans. In developing countries, HEV-infections seem to be mainly associated with pigs, but other animal species may be involved in viral transmission. Recently, anti-HEV antibodies were detected in Norwegian wild reindeer. Here, we investigated anti-HEV seroprevalence in Norwegian semi-domesticated reindeer, animals in closer contact ... -
No significant histological or ultrastructural tendinosis changes in the hamsting tendon in patients with mild to moderate osteoarthritis of the knee?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-20)Purpose To investigate the periarticular degenerative changes of the knee joint in association with osteoarthritis (OA). More tendinosis was expected to be found in the semitendinosus tendon in patients with knee OA than in patients without knee OA.<p> Methods Samples from 41 patients were included between January 2016 and October 2017. Twenty-one patients median age 53 (33–63) years with mild ... -
Coma influence on manifest astigmatism in coma-dominant irregular corneal optics
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-01)PURPOSE:To evaluate the influence of coma on manifest refractive cylinder (MRC) in eyes with coma-dominated corneal optics and suggest alternative guidelines for surgical planning of astigmatism correction in topography-guided ablation and toric intraocular lens (IOL) exchange surgery.<p> <p>METHODS:Twelve eyes with coma-dominant corneal optics and low lenticular astigmatism were selected. The ... -
Investigating novel biomarkers of immune activation and modulation in the context of sedentary behaviour: a multicentre prospective ischemic stroke cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-16)Background - Sedentary behaviour is associated with disease, but the molecular mechanisms are not understood. Valid biomarkers with predictive and explanatory properties are required. Therefore, we have investigated traditional and novel biomarkers of inflammation and immune modulation and their association to objectively measured sedentary behaviour in an ischemic stroke population.<p> <p>Methods ... -
Impact of a Vancomycin-Induced Shift of the Gut Microbiome in a Gram-Negative Direction on Plasma Factor VIII:C Levels: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-24)Rationale - Inflammation is present in several conditions associated with risk of venous thromboembolism. The gut microbiome might be a source of systemic inflammation and activation of coagulation, by translocation of lipopolysaccharides from gram-negative bacteria to the systemic circulation.<p> <p>Objective - To investigate whether a vancomycin-induced shift of the gut microbiome in a gram-negative ... -
Elevated plasma concentration of complement factor C5 is associated with risk of future venous thromboembolism
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-25)The role of complement in the pathogenesis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is unclear. We wanted to investigate (1) whether plasma complement component C5 (C5) levels are influenced by genetic variants or chronic inflammation and (2) the association between plasma C5 and risk of future VTE in a nested case-control study of 415 patients with VTE and 848 age- and sex-matched controls derived from the ... -
Antirheumatic therapy is not associated with changes in circulating N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in patients with autoimmune arthritis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-25)Background: Patients with autoimmune arthritis (AA) are at increased risk for impaired cardiac function and heart failure. This may be partly due to the effect of inflammation in heart function. The impact of antirheumatic drugs on cardiac dysfunction in AA remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to examine effects of antirheumatic treatment on serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide ... -
Antibiotic Use in Term and Near-Term Newborns
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-01)OBJECTIVES - We aimed to study whether national and local antibiotic stewardship projects have reduced the antibiotic use in newborns and to monitor potential changes in adverse outcomes.<p> <p>METHODS - In a nationwide, population-based study from Norway, we included all hospital live births from 34 weeks' gestation (n = 282 046) during 2015 to 2019. The primary outcome was the proportion of ... -
Iohexol Plasma Clearance: Impact of Weighing the Syringe
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-05)Measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) measurement is necessary in specific patients and/or specific clinical contexts.1–3 Plasma clearances are the preferred methods, as they are less costly and cumbersome than urinary clearances.4 The contrast medium iohexol is the most commonly used worldwide, partly for pragmatic reasons, as this marker is stable, not radioactive, and its measurement ...