Institutt for samfunnsmedisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1-20 of 1904
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Publicly available datasets of breast histopathology H&E whole-slide images: A scoping review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-02-01)Advancements in digital pathology and computing resources have made a significant impact in the field of computational pathology for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, access to high-quality labeled histopathological images of breast cancer is a big challenge that limits the development of accurate and robust deep learning models. In this scoping review, we identified the publicly ... -
Risk factors for mortality in patients admitted to a psychiatric acute ward: A prospective cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-15)Introduction: Associations between psychiatric disorders and mortality have been extensively studied, but limited evidence exists regarding influence of clinical characteristics on mortality risk, at the time of acute psychiatric hospitalization.<p> <p>Methods: A prospective total-cohort study included all patients consecutively admitted to Haukeland University Hospital's psychiatric acute ward ... -
Prevention of obstetric anal sphincter injuries with perineal support and lateral episiotomy: A historical cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-12-05)Introduction - There are many risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS) and the interaction between these risk factors is complex and understudied. The many observational studies that have shown a reduction of OASIS rates after implementation of perineal support have short follow-up time. We aimed to study the effect of integration of active perineal support and lateral episiotomy on ... -
Environmental contaminants in Arctic human populations: Trends over 30 years
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-25)Introduction - Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) monitors persistent organic pollutant (POP) levels in the Arctic populations and assesses health effects related to exposure to them. Many internationally regulated POPs persist in humans and biota, while new Emerging Contaminants of Arctic Concern (ECAC), many of which are unregulated, present additional challenges. Biomonitoring ... -
Factors influencing life satisfaction of Norwegian adolescents: A cross-sectional study from Ungdata.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-07-30)Background: Life satisfaction, an integral part of subjective well-being, is based on our cognitive assessment of our life's aim and achievement (1, 2). Previous studies have assessed life satisfaction primarily among adults, but there is a paucity of studies among adolescents (3-5). Also, research among adults involves factors such as job satisfaction, workplace ties, married life, and having ... -
Development of quantitative PCR method for Escherichia coli detection in human stool samples
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-06-12)The gut microbiome is a complex community of microorganisms that reside in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. This diverse ecosystem includes Escherichia coli (E. coli), which are not just present, but are essential in maintaining health by aiding digestion, synthesising vitamins such as Vitamin B12 and K, and protecting against pathogens. E. coli is a versatile bacterium with various ... -
Sex-specific association between coffee consumption and inflammation: the population-based Tromsø7 Study
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-31)Abstract Introduction: Various studies have explored the association between coffee consumption and the risk of inflammation, yet results are inconsistent. Few studies have examined these association separately in women and men and by type of coffee consumed. We therefore aimed to further investigate this association in a heavy coffee drinking population by including four different methods of ... -
The effectiveness of closed-loop communication training for healthcare providers on use, medical errors, and task performance: a systematic review
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-31)Background: Patient harm from unsafe healthcare resulting in medical errors is an increasing global health challenge, ranking among the top causes of mortality on a global basis. These incidents often stem from clinical process failures, with a substantial proportion directly attributed to miscommunication and communication breakdowns. Numerous healthcare providers have admitted to having caused ... -
The influence of parents' and partner's education on own health behaviours
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-17)The link between educational attainment and multiple health behaviours has been explained in various ways. This paper provides new insights into the social patterning in health behaviours by investigating the influence of parents' and partners' educational attainments on a composite indicator that integrates the four commonly studied lifestyle behaviours (smoking, alcohol, physical activity and BMI). ... -
Health complaints before and at one and five years after removal of dental amalgam restorations - data from a prospective cohort study in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-05-03)Objective: Health complaints attributed to dental amalgam fillings comprise both intraoral and general health complaints. There are data suggesting that patients with medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) attributed to amalgam fillings show improvement in symptoms after removal of all amalgam fillings. However, data indicating changes of specific health complaints are limited. This study ... -
Hvordan samsvarer verdier for jodinntak målt ved ulike metoder? Resultater fra unge kvinner i MISA 2-undersøkelsen
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-15)Introduksjon: Utilstrekkelig jodinntak er et folkehelseproblem i flere land. Mange land i Europa og Norden har individer som er i risiko for mild til moderat jodmangel. Særlig fertile kvinner, gravide og ammende er i risiko. Jod er et sporstoff som er essensielt for thyreoideahormonene trijodtyrotyronin og tyroksin. Hormonene er involvert i reguleringen av metabolismen og er viktig for normal utvikling ... -
Intake of Fat and the Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-15)Worldwide, ovarian cancer is the 8th most common cancer type for women. According to The World Cancer Research Fund, the research on the associations between intake of fat and risk of ovarian cancer is limited. The aim was to study the possible associations between the intake of total fat, trans fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, cholesterol ... -
An Investigation into the Effects of Chronic High Fructose Consumption on Liver Histology, Triglyceride Content and Gene Expression in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-14)Background: Chronic high fructose intake is associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Fructose metabolised in the liver is not subject to the same strict regulation as glucose, and high fructose intake can therefore increase lipid production and storage, leading to detrimental metabolic changes. Fructose may also induce hypertension ... -
Fish consumption and time trends in blood concentrations of six perfluoroalkyl acids
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-13)The European Food Safety Authority has established a new upper limit for weekly intake of four different perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), which the Norwegian population exceeds through current fish consumption. PFAA blood concentrations are influenced by various factors and concentrations in the environment has undergone significant changes in the last 30 years. This thesis aimed to assess the potential ... -
Combined Contaminant Levels from Local Harvested Food Items in the Norwegian–Finnish–Russian Border Region
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-04-08)This paper presents the results of a multidisciplinary study with the aim of assessing the potential combined risk from consuming locally harvested food products in the Euro-Arctic region of Norway, Finland, and Russia. The three important contaminant groups—radioactive substances, heavy metals, and persistent organic pollutants (POPs)—were measured in food samples such as berries, mushrooms, fish, ... -
Vitamin D and periodontitis; is there an association between vitamin D deficiency and periodontitis severity? A cross-sectional study
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-06-06)Background: Periodontitis is an oral disease which is highly prevalent in the adult population worldwide. Periodontitis is characterized by an excessive inflammatory reaction which leads to the destruction of supportive periodontal tissues and potentially tooth loss in the more severe stages of disease. Known risk factors for periodontitis include conditions and lifestyle factors which increase the ... -
Description of disordered eating among female athletes in Norway
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-06-01)Disordered eating behavior (DEB) is more prevalent among female athletes compared to both male athletes and non-athlete women. This behavior can significantly compromise both the performance and overall health of athlete. However, it has been almost two decades since previous research reported DEB prevalence in the athletic Norwegian population, making an update on the subject necessary. This study ... -
The association between physical activity and psychological distress among an adult Sami and non-Sami population in Norway – the SAMINOR 2 Questionnaire Survey
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-31)Background: Physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of mental health problems. However, there is limited knowledge of the influence of PA on psychological distress (PD) in a Sami population. Aim: to investigate the association between PA levels and PD among a Sami and non-Sami population in Norway, and if the association differed between gender in both ethnic groups. Materials/methods: Data from ... -
Time trend analysis of environmental contaminants in human Arctic populations
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-31)Background: Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) monitors persistent organic pollutant (POP) levels in the Arctic and assesses health effects related to them. Many of the POPs are regulated internationally, but still found in humans and biota. There are also new emerging contaminants, of which many are unregulated. Arctic populations present high contaminant concentrations compared to ... -
Adult Attained Height and Breast Cancer Incidence (NOWAC)
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-05-31)<p>Introduction: Adult attained height has been associated with breast cancer incidence consistently in the literature. The inclusion of covariates to adjust the regression models is widely used as a tool for controlling for error in models and reducing bias. However, several epidemiological studies regarding height have not accounted for confounding variables in their analysis. <p>Material and ...