Institutt for samfunnsmedisin: Nye registreringer

Viser treff 2001-2020 av 2050

    • Dietary fat intake and gestational weight gain in relation to estradiol and progesterone plasma levels during pregnancy : a longitudinal study in Swedish women 

      Weiderpass, Elisabete; Lof, Marie; Hilakivi-Clarke, Leena; Sandin, Sven S.; de Assis, Sonia; Yu, Wei (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009-04-30)
      Background: Elevated pregnancy hormone levels, such as oestrogen and progesterone, may increase the risk of developing breast cancer both in mothers and offspring. However, the reasons for large inter-individual variations in estrogen and progesterone levels during pregnancy remain unknown. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether a) intakes of total dietary fat, types of fat ...

    • Genetic polymorphisms of the GNRH1 and GNRHR genes and risk of breast cancer in the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3) 

      Lund, Eiliv; Canzian, Federico; Kaaks, Rudolf; Cox, David G.; Henderson, Katherine D.; Henderson, Brian E.; Berg, Christine; Bingham, Sheila; Boeing, Heiner; Buring, Julie; Calle, Eugenia E.; Chanock, Stephen; Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise; Dossus, Laure; Feigelson, Heather Spencer; Haiman, Christopher A.; Hankinson, Susan E.; Hoover, Robert; Hunter, David J.; Isaacs, Claudine; Lenner, Per; Overvad, Kim; Palli, Domenico; Pearce, Celeste Leigh; Quiros, Jose R.; Riboli, Elio; Stram, Daniel O.; Thomas, Gilles; Thun, Michael J.; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; van Gils, Carla H.; Ziegler, Regina G. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009-07-29)
      Background: Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GNRH1) triggers the release of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the pituitary. Genetic variants in the gene encoding GNRH1 or its receptor may influence breast cancer risk by modulating production of ovarian steroid hormones. We studied the association between breast cancer risk and polymorphisms in genes that code for GNRH1 ...

    • Moxibustion and other acupuncture point stimulation methods to treat breech presentation : a systematic review of clinical trials 

      Liu, Jianping; Li, Xun; Hu, Jun; Wang, Xiaoyi; Zhang, Huirui (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009-02-27)
      Background: Moxibustion, acupuncture and other acupoint stimulations are commonly used for the correction of breech presentation. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of moxibustion and other acupoint stimulations to treat breech presentation. <br> Methods: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) on moxibustion, acupuncture ...

    • Evaluating complex health interventions : a critical analysis of the 'outcomes' concept 

      Launsø, Laila; Paterson, Charlotte; Baarts, Charlotte; Verhoef, Marja J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009-06-18)
      Background: The extent to which a health care intervention causes or facilitates health-related change is a key question in research. The need to quantify such change has led to the development of an increasing number of change indicators, to measure what have come to be known as 'outcomes'. In the context of medical research into the efficacy or effectiveness of an intervention the term 'outcomes' ...

    • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; use, training and self-confidence in skills : a self-report study among hospital personnel 

      Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2008-12-16)
      Background: Immediate start of basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and early defibrillation have been highlighted as crucial for survival from cardiac arrest, but despite new knowledge, new technology and massive personnel training the survival rates from in-hospital cardiac arrest are still low. National guidelines recommend regular intervals of CPR training to make all hospital personnel ...

    • Socioeconomic differences in cancer survival : the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study 

      Braaten, Tonje; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Lund, Eiliv (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009-06-08)
      Background: Cancer survival has been observed to be poorer in low socioeconomic groups, but the knowledge about the underlying causal factors is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine how cancer survival varies by socioeconomic status (SES) among women in Norway, and to identify factors that explain this variation. SES was measured by years of education and gross household income, ...

    • Design and validity of a questionnaire to assess sexuality in pregnant women 

      Rudge, Cibele V. C.; Calderon, Iracema M. P.; Dias, Adriano; Odland, Jon Øyvind; Rudge, Marilza V. C.; Lopes, Gerson P.; Barbosa, Angélica P.; Maestá, Izildinha (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009-07-29)
      Background: A review of validated methods for assessing female sexual dysfunction and a review of male and female sexual dysfunction did not refer to any specific questionnaire for evaluating sexuality during pregnancy. A study was performed at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Brazil to design and validate a pregnancy sexuality ...

    • A population based study on coronary heart disease in families : the Finnmark Study 1974-1989 

      Brenn, Tormod (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2000)

    • Fetal size in the second trimester is associated with the duration of pregnancy, small fetuses having longer pregnancies 

      Wilsgaard, Tom; Johnsen, Synnøve L.; Rasmussen, Svein; Hanson, Mark A.; Godfrey, Keith M.; Kiserud, Torvid (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2008-07-16)
      Background: Conventionally, the pregnancy duration is accepted to be 280–282 days. Fetuses determined by ultrasound biometry to be small in early pregnancy, have an increased risk of premature birth. We speculate that the higher rate of preterm delivery in such small fetuses represents a pathological outcome not applicable to physiological pregnancies. Here we test the hypothesis that in ...

    • Human Papillomavirus type distribution in invasive cervical cancer in Uganda 

      Weiderpass, Elisabete; Odida, Michael; de Sanjosé, Silvia; Quint, Wim; Bosch, Xavier F.; Klaustermeier, Joellen (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2008-06-24)
      Background: We conducted a study aiming to describe Human Papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution in invasive cervical carcinoma in Uganda. <br> Methods: 191 archival cervical carcinoma samples diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Makerere University in Kampala between 1968 and 1992 were analysed using a sensitive PCRReverse Hybridization Line Probe Assay. <br> Results: Out of the 186 ...

    • Estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphism and endometrial cancer risk : a case-control study 

      Weiderpass, Elisabete; Wedrén, Sara; Lovmar, Lovisa; Humphreys, Keith; Magnusson, Cecilia; Melhus, Håkan; Syvänen, Ann-Christine; Kindmark, Andreas; Landegren, Ulf; Fermér, Maria Lagerström; Stiger, Fredrik; Persson, Ingemar; Baron, John A (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2008-11-06)
      Background: Estrogen is an established endometrial carcinogen. One of the most important mediators of estrogenic action is the estrogen receptor alpha. We have investigated whether polymorphic variation in the estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) is associated with endometrial cancer risk. <br> Methods: In 702 cases with invasive endometrial cancer and 1563 controls, we genotyped five markers ...

    • To make a difference - how GPs conceive consultation outcomes : a phenomenographic study 

      Andén, Annika; Rudebeck, Carl-Edvard; Andersson, Sven-Olof (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2009-01-16)
      Background: Outcomes from GPs' consultations have been measured mainly with disease specific measures and with patient questionnaires about health, satisfaction, enablement and quality. The aim of this study was to explore GPs' conceptions of consultation outcomes. <br> Methods: Interviews with 17 GPs in groups and individually about consultation outcomes from recently performed consultations ...

    • May antihistone antibodies replace antinuclear antibodies (ANA) as a predictor of uveitis in Juvenile idiopathic arthritis? 

      Nordal, Ellen Berit; Songstad, Nils Thomas; Berntson, L.; Straume, Bjørn; Rygg, M. (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2008-09-15)

    • Green tea (Camellia sinensis) and cancer prevention : a systematic review of randomized trials and epidemiological studies 

      Xing, Jianmin; Liu, Jianping; Fei, Yutong (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2008-10-22)
      Background: Green tea is one of the most popular beverages worldwide. This review summarizes the beneficial effects of green tea on cancer prevention. <br> Methods: Electronic databases, including PubMed (1966–2008), the Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2008) and Chinese Biomedical Database (1978–2008) with supplement of relevant websites, were searched. There was no language restriction. The searches ...

    • Gir utdanning lavere diabetes-prevalens og lavere nivå av glykosylert hemoglobin (HbA1C)? En tverrsnittsstudie fra Tromsøundersøkelse IV 1994/ 95. 

      Strand, Robert (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2008-06)
      Sammendrag Bakgrunn: De fleste som har diabetes i Norge har diabetes type 2. Antall personer med denne sykdommen forventes å øke. Overvekt, fysisk inaktivitet og usunne vaner øker risikoen for diabetes. Diabetes og dens relevante risikofaktorer følger en sosial gradient hvor de med lavest utdanning har høyest risiko. Materiale og metode: Data i oppgaven er hentet fra Tromsøundersøkelse IV, og ...

    • The Telemark Meningococcal Project 1987-2007. Twenty years experience of preventing secondary cases of meningococcal disease by identification and erdication of the disease-causing strain of Neisseria meningitidis in close contacts of patients with primary meningococcal disease 

      Kristiansen, Bjørn Erik (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2008-06-15)
      Once meningococcal disease occurs, the infection may spread leading to one or more secondary cases. The Telemark Meningococcal Project was initiated in 1987 to prevent secondary cases. By culture of throat samples from close contacts, meningococci were identified, and identity with the disease-causing strain from the patient was determined by DNA based typing techniques. Contacts carrying the ...

    • Aktivitet, rus og psykiske lidelser : en studie av pasienter ved Rus og spesialpsykiatrisk klinikk ved Universitetssykehuset i Nord-Norge 

      Wynn, Trude Nydal (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2008-12-01)
      Denne oppgaven ser på om det finnes sammenhenger mellom psykiske symptomer, type rusbruk, ulike demografiske data opp mot valg av aktiviteter hos en gruppe mennesker som er innlagt for behandling for sitt rusmiddelmisbruk, med eller uten andre sammenfallende psykiske lidelser.Dette er en tverrsnittstudie basert på selvrapportering, opplysninger fra behandler og kliniske undersøkelser. Det er brukt ...

    • A comparative analysis of two cross-sectional surveys of healthcare workers' hand hygiene knowledge, intentions, access and product preferences between two university hospitals, one in Norway and one in Canada 

      Mediå, Anne Kristine (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2008-06-15)
      Objective: Vancouver General Hospital (VGH) and The University Hospital of Northern Norway in Tromsø (UNN-Tromsø) were compared for self-reported differences in level of knowledge and intentions to comply with the hand hygiene guidelines. Hand hygiene products were also assessed for preference of use, access, gentleness and promotion of hand hygiene compliance. Methods: A cross-sectional quality ...

    • Hälsorisker vid snusbruk 

      Dagenborg, Jennie-Ann Elisabeth (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2008-06-15)
      Bakgrund: Det råder oenighet bland forskare när det gäller snusets effekt på hälsan. Fem översiktsrapporter, där man ser på skadepåverkningen av snus, har publicerats och den epidemiologiska forskningen har tolkats på olika sätt. Metod: En systematisk identifisering av litteratur och kritisk värdering av de epidemiologiska studier som har inkluderats i översiktsrapporterna om snusets hälsoeffek ...

    • Hvilke tiltak kan gjøre multidose til et bedre egnet legemiddelhåndteringssystem for bruk i kommunehelsetjenesten? 

      Halle, Natalia Kirillovna (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2008-06-15)
      Et nyere legemiddelhåndteringssystem kalt multidose ble brukt i kommunehelsetjenesten og har per i dag ca 18 700 brukere i Norge. Multidose er tidsbesparende, kostnadseffektiv og et bedre kvalitetssikret system sammenlignet med tidligere brukt ukedosettsystem. I kommunehelsetjenesten i Larvik ble multidose brukt på avdelinger i hjemmetjenesten og på sykehjem. Systemet kunne ikke brukes alene siden ...