Institutt for samfunnsmedisin: Nye registreringer
Viser treff 941-960 av 1899
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Exploring geographical differences in the incidence of colorectal cancer in the Norwegian women and cancer study: A population-based prospective study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-08-08)<i>Purpose</i>: Norway has experienced an unexplained, steep increase in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in the last half-century, with large differences across its counties. We aimed to determine whether geographical distribution of lifestyle-related CRC risk factors can explain these geographical differences in CRC incidence in Norwegian women.<p><p> <i>Methods</i>: We followed a nationally ... -
Tuberculosis case detection by trained inmate peer educators in a resource-limited prison setting in Ethiopia: a cluster-randomised trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-26)<i>Background</i> - To improve tuberculosis case detection, interventions that are feasible with available resources are needed. We investigated whether involving trained prison inmates in a tuberculosis control programme improved tuberculosis case detection, shortened pre-treatment symptom duration, and increased treatment success in a resource-limited prison setting in Ethiopia.<p><p> <i>Me ... -
Global myocardial longitudinal strain in a general population—associations with blood pressure and subclinical heart failure: The Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-18)The early detection of subclinical myocardial dysfunction can contribute to the treatment and prevention of heart failure (HF). The aim of the study was to (i) describe myocardial global longitudinal strain (GLS) patterns in a large general population sample from Norway and their relation to established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors; (ii) to determine its normal thresholds in healthy ... -
Uncertainty in health care: Towards a more systematic program of research
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-06-13)<i>Objective</i> - To promote a more systematic approach to research on uncertainty in health care, and to explore promising starting points and future directions for this research.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - We examine three fundamental aspects of medical uncertainty that a systematic research program should ideally address: its nature, effects, and communication. We summarize key insights from past ... -
Clinical effects and safety of Compound Glutamine Entersoluble Capsules for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-06)<i>Introduction</i> - Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a gastrointestinal disease with a high incidence and no effective drugs available. Compound Glutamine Entersoluble Capsules (CGEC) is a compound preparation integrating Sijunzi Decoction and L-Glutamine. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the clinical effects and safety of CGEC for IBS-D.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> ... -
Prospective analysis of circulating metabolites and breast cancer in EPIC
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-24)<i>Background</i> - Metabolomics is a promising molecular tool to identify novel etiologic pathways leading to cancer. Using a targeted approach, we prospectively investigated the associations between metabolite concentrations in plasma and breast cancer risk.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - A nested case-control study was established within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort, which ... -
Mapping the concept, content and outcome of wilderness therapy for childhood cancer survivors: Protocol for a scoping review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-03)<i>Introduction</i> - Long-term childhood cancer survivors are at risk for frailty and have significant health-related issues in adulthood. Various health promotion interventions have been proposed to enhance quality of life including wilderness therapy, which applies the impact of nature on health in a therapeutic context. Previous studies have described positive outcomes linked with various ... -
Appraising the causal relevance of DNA methylation for risk of lung cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-24)<i>Background</i> - DNA methylation changes in peripheral blood have recently been identified in relation to lung cancer risk. Some of these changes have been suggested to mediate part of the effect of smoking on lung cancer. However, limitations with conventional mediation analyses mean that the causal nature of these methylation changes has yet to be fully elucidated.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - We ... -
Development and validation of circulating CA125 prediction models in postmenopausal women
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-26)<i>Background</i> - Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) is currently the best available ovarian cancer screening biomarker. However, CA125 has been limited by low sensitivity and specificity in part due to normal variation between individuals. Personal characteristics that influence CA125 could be used to improve its performance as screening biomarker.<p><p> <i>Methods</i> - We developed and validated ... -
Timing of HPV16-E6 antibody seroconversion before OPSCC: Findings from the HPVC3 consortium
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-06)<i>Background</i> - Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16)-E6 antibodies are detectable in peripheral blood before diagnosis in the majority of HPV16-driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), but the timing of seroconversion is unknown.<p> <p><i>Patients and methods</i> - We formed the HPV Cancer Cohort Consortium which comprises nine population cohorts from Europe, North America and ... -
Vitamin D status in a multi-ethnic population of northern Norway: The SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-02-15)<i>Objective</i> - To investigate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D) concentration in a multi-ethnic population of northern Norway and determine predictors of S-25(OH)D, including Sami ethnicity.<p> <p><i>Design</i> - Cross-sectional data from the second survey of the Population-based Study on Health and Living Conditions in Regions with Sami and Norwegian Populations (the SAMINOR 2 Clinical ... -
No ethnic disparities in nutritional adequacy between the Indigenous Sami and the non-Sami population living in rural Northern Norway—the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-28)The diet of the Indigenous Sami people has become more Westernized. The lack of population-based data on nutrient intake and nutritional adequacy, in combination with a high prevalence of obesity/metabolic syndrome among Sami, was the rationale behind the present study. We hypothesized that differences in nutrient intake between Sami and non-Sami populations may still exist but that these differences ... -
Use of aspirin, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen and risk of endometrial cancer: The Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-06)<i>Background</i> - Regular use of aspirin has been associated with a reduced risk of cancer at several sites but the data for endometrial cancer are conflicting. Evidence regarding use of other analgesics is limited.<p><p> <i>Patients and methods</i> - We pooled individual-level data from seven cohort and five case–control studies participating in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer ... -
A descriptive study of ten-year longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in the multi-ethnic rural Northern Norway. The SAMINOR Study, 2003-2014
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-02-19)The obesity epidemic is dynamic with varying secular trends and differences between countries and ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to describe the age- and sex-specific longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in a rural Norwegian population with a high proportion of the indigenous Sami population. Based on two population-based surveys, SAMINOR 1 (2003–2004) and SAMINOR ... -
Prevalence and clinical associations of wheezes and crackles in the general population: The Tromsø study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-09-11)<i>Background</i> - Wheezes and crackles are well-known signs of lung diseases, but can also be heard in apparently healthy adults. However, their prevalence in a general population has been sparsely described. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of wheezes and crackles in a large general adult population and explore associations with self-reported disease, smoking status and ... -
Person-centred, integrated and pro-active care for multi-morbid elderly with advanced care needs: A propensity score-matched controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-03)<i>Background</i> - Person-centred care (PCC) focusing on personalised goals and care plans derived from “What matters to you?” has an impact on single disease outcomes, but studies on multi-morbid elderly are lacking. Furthermore, the combination of PCC, Integrated Care (IC) and Pro-active care are widely recognised as desirable for multi-morbid elderly, yet previous studies focus on single components ... -
Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention recommendations and risk of in situ breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-02)<i>Background</i> - Even though in situ breast cancer (BCIS) accounts for a large proportion of the breast cancers diagnosed, few studies have investigated potential risk factors for BCIS. Their results suggest that some established risk factors for invasive breast cancer have a similar impact on BCIS risk, but large population-based studies on lifestyle factors and BCIS risk are lacking. Thus, ... -
Quality control of cervical cytology using a 3-type HPV mRNA test increases screening program sensitivity of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+ in young Norwegian women-A cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-05)Within 2021, Norway intends to complete implementation of HPV DNA-based primary screening for cervical cancer for women 34–69 years, while continue cytology-based screening for women 25–33 years. Over the recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer has increased by 30% among women younger than 40 years. In this subset of women, nearly 30% were diagnosed with a normal smear, as most recent smear, ... -
Self-reported traffic-related air pollution and respiratory symptoms among adults in an area with modest levels of traffic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-12)Health effects of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) concentrations in densely populated areas are previously described. However, there is still a lack of knowledge of the health effects of moderate TRAP levels. The aim of the current study, a population-based survey including 16 099 adults (response rate 33%), was to assess the relationship between TRAP estimates and respiratory symptoms in an ... -
Measuring Physical Activity Using Triaxial Wrist Worn Polar Activity Trackers: A Systematic Review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020)Collecting objective physical activity data from research participants are increasingly done using consumer-based activity trackers. Several validation studies of Polar devices are conducted to date, but no systematic review of the current level of accuracy for these devices exist. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate the accuracy of current wrist-worn Polar devices that equips a triaxial ...