Blar i tittel Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet

Viser treff 2912-2931 av 10098

    • Enteral ernæring av barn med fødselsvekt <1000 gram 

      Glad, Ragnhild (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2002-09)

    • Enteral ernæring i mageleie hos den voksne intensivpasient. 

      Tuen, Karoline (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-05-04)
      Bakgrunn: Intensivpasienter er en kompleks pasientgruppe som krever avansert medisinsk utstyr under behandling. I etterkant av koronapandemien kan det ses at bruken av mageleie økte til respiratortrengende pasienter som har utviklet ARDS. Bruken av mageleie kan gi utfordringer i forhold til enteral ernæring. Intoleranse kan gi utfordringer i form av høyt gastrisk residualvolum som føre til utilstrekkelig ...

    • Enterococcal Membrane Vesicles as Vaccine Candidates 

      Wagner, Theresa Maria; Romero-Saavedra, Felipe; Laverde, Diana; Johannessen, Mona Susan; Hübner, Johannes; Hegstad, Kristin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-07)
      Enterococcus faecium is a leading cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. The rise of multidrug-resistant E. faecium, including Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE), is a major concern. Vaccines are promising alternatives to antibiotics, but there is currently no vaccine available against enterococci. In a previous study, we identified six protein vaccine ...

    • The enterococcus cassette chromosome, a genomic variation enabler in enterococci 

      Sivertsen, Audun; James Peter, Jessin Janice; Pedersen, Torunn Annie; Wagner, Theresa; Hegstad, Joachim; Hegstad, Kristin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-07)
      Enterococcus faecium has a highly variable genome prone to recombination and horizontal gene transfer. Here, we have identified a novel genetic island with an insertion locus and mobilization genes similar to those of staphylococcus cassette chromosome elements SCCmec. This novel element termed the enterococcus cassette chromosome (ECC) element was located in the 3′ region of rlmH and encoded large ...

    • Enterococcus faecium produces membrane vesicles containing virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance related proteins 

      Wagner, Theresa; Joshi, Bishnu; James Peter, Jessin Janice; Askarian, Fatemeh; Skalko-Basnet, Natasa; Hagestad, Ole Christian; Mekhlif, Ahmed; Wai, Sun Nyunt; Hegstad, Kristin; Johannessen, Mona (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-30)
      <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> is a commensal but also a bacteremia causing pathogen, which is inherently resistant to several antimicrobials and has a great ability to acquire new traits. Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are increasingly recognized as a mode of cell-free communication and a way to deliver virulence factors and/or antimicrobial resistance determinants. These features make MVs interesting ...

    • Enterococcus faecium TIR-Domain Genes Are Part of a Gene Cluster Which Promotes Bacterial Survival in Blood 

      Wagner, Theresa; James Peter, Jessin Janice; Paganelli, Fernanda; Willems, Rob J.L.; Askarian, Fatemeh; Pedersen, Torunn Annie; Top, Janetta; de Haas, Carla; van strijp, Jos A. G.; Johannessen, Mona; Hegstad, Kristin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-03)
      <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> has undergone a transition to a multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen. The population structure of <i>E. faecium</i> is characterized by a sharp distinction of clades, where the hospital-adapted lineage is primarily responsible for bacteremia. So far, factors that were identified in hospital-adapted strains and that promoted pathogenesis of nosocomial <i>E. faecium</i> ...

    • Entrance and survival of Brucella pinnipedialis hooded seal strain in human macrophages and epithelial cells 

      Larsen, Anett Kristin; Nymo, Ingebjørg Helena; Briquemont, Benjamin; Sørensen, Karen Kristine; Godfroid, Jacques (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Marine mammal Brucella spp. have been isolated from pinnipeds (B. pinnipedialis) and cetaceans (B. ceti) from around the world. Although the zoonotic potential of marine mammal brucellae is largely unknown, reports of human disease exist. There are few studies of the mechanisms of bacterial intracellular invasion and multiplication involving the marine mammal Brucella spp. We examined the infective ...

    • Environmental and occupational exposure, life-style factors and pregnancy outcome in arctic and subarctic populations of Norway and Russia 

      Odland, Jon Øyvind (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2000)
      The study was initiated because of the public fear of adverse reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes in the Russian-Norwegian border zone in the vicinity of the nickel producing industry in the Kola Peninsula. The original objective was to assess health conditions of delivering women and their outcomes in the general population in the Russian- Norwegian arctic area, including assessment of ...

    • Environmental factors, metabolic profile, hormones and breast and endometrial cancer risk 

      Furberg, Anne-Sofie (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2004)
      Breast cancer is the leading cancer among women in the Western world. In Norway, 2,503 cases of female breast cancer were diagnosed in 2000, which corresponds to an age-adjusted incidence rate of 72.1 per 100,000 women per year (1). The risk of breast cancer increases with age from puberty, doubling about every 10 years until the menopause, when the rate of increase slows dramatically and a ...

    • Environmental physiotherapy and the case for multispecies justice in planetary health 

      Maric, Filip; Nicholls, David A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-07)
      Background:Global environmental change is fundamentally altering the composition and functioning of our planetary ecosystem. Effectively presenting the largest threat to the health of present and future generations, these changes and their health impacts are forcing us to think and practice healthcare in much broader terms than ever before. Objective:In this article, we provide an early outline for ...

    • An epidemiologic risk prediction model for ovarian cancer in Europe: The EPIC study 

      Li, Kuanrong; Hüsing, Anika; Fortner, Renée Turzanski; Tjønneland, Anne; Hansen, Louise Seier; Dossus, Laure; Chang-Claude, Jenny; Bergmann, Manuela M.; Steffen, Annika; Bamia, Christina; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Palli, Domenico; Mattiello, Amalia; Agnoli, Claudia; Tumino, Rosaria; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte; Peeters, Petra H.; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Gram, Inger Torhild; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Sánchez-Cantalejo, Emilio; Chirlaque, María-Dolores; Duell, Eric J.; Ardanaz, Eva; Idahl, Annika; Lundin, Eva; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Travis, Ruth C.; Merritt, Melissa A.; Gunter, Marc J.; Riboli, Elio; Ferrari, Pietro; Terry, Kathryn L.; Cramer, Daniel William; Kaaks, Rudolf (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-03-05)
      Background: Ovarian cancer has a high case-fatality ratio, largely due to late diagnosis. Epidemiologic risk prediction models could help identify women at increased risk who may benefit from targeted prevention measures, such as screening or chemopreventive agents.<p> <p>Methods: We built an ovarian cancer risk prediction model with epidemiologic risk factors from 202 206 women in the European ...

    • Epidemiological and molecular characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage strains in pre-school children in Arkhangelsk, northern European Russia, prior to the introduction of conjugate pneumococcal vaccines 

      Jensen, V. Vorobieva S.; Furberg, Anne-Sofie; Slotved, Hans-Christian; Bazhukova, Tatiana; Haldorsen, Bjørg; Caugant, Dominique A.; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Valentiner-Branth, Palle; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-15)
      <p><i>Background - </i>The 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV-13) was introduced in the National Immunization Programme (NIP) schedule in Russia in March 2014. Previously, the 7-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV-7) was marketed in Russia in 2009 but has never been offered for mass vaccination. A carriage study was performed among children in Arkhangelsk in 2006. The objective was ...

    • Epidemiologisk atrieflimmerforskning i Tromsøundersøkelsen. Hva har vi lært? 

      Løchen, Maja-Lisa; Tiwari, Sweta (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Tromsøundersøkelsen er Norges lengste, mest omfattende og best besøkte epidemiologiske befolkningsundersøkelse gjennom mer enn 40 år. Forskningen har gitt oss viktig kunnskap om helse og sykdom og bidrar til bedre pasientbehandling, nasjonalt og internasjonalt. Atrieflimmerforskning har bidratt til ny kunnskap om utbredelse og risikofaktorer.

    • Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Invasive Bacterial Infections in Children—A Population-Based Study From Norway 

      Thaulow, Christian Magnus; Lindemann, Paul Christoffer; Klingenberg, Claus; Berild, Dag; Blix, Hege Salvesen; Myklebust, Tor Åge; Harthug, Stig (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05)
      Objective: To describe epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) data of bacteria causing invasive infections in Norwegian children (0–18 years).<p> <p>Methods: Population-based observational study using prospectively collected AST data from the Norwegian Surveillance System of Antimicrobial Resistance from 2013 to 2017. We included all clinically relevant bacterial isolates ...

    • Epidemiology and health related quality of life in hypoparathyroidism in Norway 

      Astor, Marianne; Løvås, Kristian; Debowska, Aleksandra; Eriksen, Erik Fink; Evang, Johan Arild; Fossum, Jan Christian; Fougner, Kristian J; Holte, Synnøve E.; Lima, Kari; Moe, Ragnar Bekkhus; Myhre, Anne Grethe; Kemp, E. Helen; Nedrebø, Bjørn Gunnar; Svartberg, Johan; Husebye, Eystein Sverre (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-05-17)
      <b>Objective:</b> The epidemiology of hypoparathyroidism (HP) is largely unknown. We aimed to determine prevalence, etiologies, health related quality of life (HRQOL) and treatment pattern of HP.<br> <b>Methods:</b> Patients with HP and 22q11 deletion syndrome (DiGeorge syndrome) were identified in electronic hospital registries. All identified patients were invited to participate in a survey. ...

    • Epidemiology and natural history in 101 subjects with FKRP-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R9. The Norwegian LGMDR9 cohort study (2020) 

      Jensen, Synnøve; Müller, Kai Ivar; Mellgren, Svein Ivar; Bindoff, Laurence Albert; Rasmussen, Magnhild; Ørstavik, Kristin; Jonsrud, Christoffer; Tveten, Kristian; Nilssen, Øivind; Van Ghelue, Marijke; Arntzen, Kjell Arne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-25)
      We aimed to investigate the epidemiology and natural history of FKRP-related limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R9 (LGMDR9) in Norway. We identified 153 genetically confirmed subjects making the overall prevalence 2.84/100,000, the highest reported figure worldwide. Of the 153 subjects, 134 (88 %) were homozygous for FKRP c.826C>A giving a carrier frequency for this variant of 1/101 in Norway. Clinical ...

    • Epidemiology and new opportunities of investigating risk factors for congenital malformations in Northwest Russia: a registry-based linkage study 

      Kovalenko, Anton Alexandrovich (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-11-12)
      <p>Birth defects constitute an important public health issue as they are the main causes of perinatal and infant mortality. To address incomplete data coverage in Russia, the studies described in this thesis all have a registry-based study design, and were based on the linkage of the Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR) and the Murmansk Regional Congenital Defects Registry (MRCDR) to investigate ...

    • Epidemiology and Outcome of Ankylosing Spondylitis in Northern Norway 

      Bakland, Gunnstein (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-05-29)

    • Epidemiology of ANCA associated vasculitis 

      Nossent, Johannes C; Koldingsnes, Wenche (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2008)

    • Epidemiology of cervical cancer and high risk of HPV infection with a focus on Arkhangelsk City and County, Northwest Russia 

      Roik, Elena Evgenievna (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-01-25)
      Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. It is also known as important risk factor for cervical cancer. Generally speaking, finding any cancer at an early stage is often believed to be the most important factor for longer survival. However, age at diagnosis, residence (i.e., accessibility to health care) and cell type of the tumor (less or ...