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norskBlar i tittel Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak)
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Appropriate antibiotic prescribing in Community-Acquired Pneumonia in a Norwegian hospital setting
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-10-01)Appropriate antibiotic prescribing is associated with favourable levels of antimicrobial resistance and clinical outcomes. Literature has indicated that antibiotic treatment of hospitalised patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the leading cause of death due to infection in adults worldwide, have potential for improvement. The overall aim of this PhD-work has been to promote appropriate ... -
Arctic food biographies. An ethnographic study of food and health in everyday life of elderly Arctic women
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-12-04)<p>The aim of the ethnographic study described was to listen sensitively and give voice to elderly Arctic women’s personal food biographies and everyday experiences of living in small coastal towns and inland areas of Norway’s Circumpolar North, North West Russia and Greenland. These specified geographical contexts were selected because they have been the focus of the Arctic and Global Health research ... -
Arm function and constraint-induced movement in early post-stroke rehabilitation
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-09-10)Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a treatment for mild-to-moderate upper extremity motor dysfunction in post-stroke patients. However, as the ideal time to initiate post-stroke treatment remains uncertain, more information is needed regarding the effects of CIMT and arm use in the early stages of stroke recovery. This thesis aimed to: 1) examine the correlations between arm motor ... -
Arrhythmia, electrocardiographic signs, and physical activity in relation to coronary heart risk factors and disease : the Tromsø study
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 1995) -
Arterial cardiovascular diseases and risk of venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-12-12)Despite differences in epidemiology, pathology, and treatment, growing evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between venous thromboembolism (VTE), a collective term for pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and arterial cardiovascular diseases (CVD, i.e., myocardial infarction [MI] and ischemic stroke). The aim of this thesis was to investigate the impact of atherosclerosis, ... -
Aspects of Active Smoking and Breast Cancer
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-10-24)Summary: According to the WHO, breast cancer is by far the most frequently diagnosed cancer, and the most frequent cause of cancer death among women in the world. Tobacco smoking is the single largest cause of cancer worldwide and has been linked to cancer in most organ systems. The aim of this thesis was to illuminate the association between smoking and breast cancer incidence, mortality, and to ... -
Aspects of brain health and pain tolerance in a general population
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2024-02-15)Pain is a major burden both for affected individuals and for society. While it has been established that processing in the brain is key to the experience of pain, most of the research is done in healthy volunteers or patients with specific pain conditions. Less is known about how the status of the brain may relate to pain sensitivity in the general population. While clinical pain can differ because ... -
Aspects of breast cervical cancer screening
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 1992)The purpose of the thesis was to investigate aspects of breast cancer screening such as the feasibility, non-attendance and adverse effects of a general mammography screening program. A second objective was to examine whether risk factors for cervical neoplasia could be identified for potential utilization in a selective screening program for cervical cancer. -
Aspects of experimental cooling and rewarming with special reference to accidental hypothermia
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-08-17)Methods and aims We performed open, randomized, placebo-controlled experimental studies in intact, anesthetized pigs with the following main aims: Paper 1 To describe in detail the hemodynamic function with emphasis on left ventricular contractility during surface cooling, steady state severe hypothermia at 25°C, surface rewarming and in the post-hypothermic period of 2 h. Paper 2 1) To ... -
Aspects of health services in Sami areas
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-04-26)Helsepolitikk for samer har bygd på antakelser om at språk- og kulturforskjeller mellom helsepersonell og pasienter fører til et underforbruk av helsetjenester og en dårligere helsetjeneste. Første studie i denne avhandlingen analyserer forbruket av sykehus, og avviser at det er et underforbruk av helsetjenester blant samer generelt, men finner at de eldste innbyggerne i samiske kommuner er noe ... -
Aspects of Lung Cancer by Sex
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-06-12)Lung cancer is the most common cancer in men and the third most frequent in women across the globe, and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The rising worldwide incidence of lung cancer among women has raised the possibility of a sex difference in the association between smoking and lung cancer. It has been estimated that approximately 90% of all lung cancer is related to smoking. The ... -
Aspects of the primary assessment and management of anal incontinence
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-04-05)Avhandlingens tittel er ”Aspects of the primary assessment and management of anal incontinence - The introduction of a new treatment”. Disputas for graden Ph.D. finner sted 05.04.2013. Ufrivillig lekkasje av luft og avføring er en relativt vanlig og belastende tilstand, og kan gi redusert livskvalitet. Det er utviklet en ny metode for å behandle denne lidelsen, som består i å injisere et rom-oppfyllende ... -
Aspects on Recanalisation Therapies for Acute Ischaemic Stroke. Long-term survival after thrombolytic treatment with alteplase, endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke and recanalisation therapies for wake-up stroke
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-01-21)Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Approximately 85% of strokes are ischaemic strokes caused by blockage of a brain artery. Recanalisation therapies with thrombolysis (injection of drugs that dissolve the blood clot) and thrombectomy (mechanical removal of the blood clot) have revolutionised acute ischaemic stroke treatment during the last 25 years. Thrombolysis within ... -
Assessing new prognostic biomarkers in resected colon cancer patients
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-06-22)Colon cancer is a common malignancy. We retrospectively established a biobank including 452 patients operated for colon cancer stage I-III in Northern Norway in the period 1998-2007. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing tumor tissue from these patients were constructed, and subsequently biomarker expression assessed by digital pathology. By using in situ hybridization, we assessed the expression of ... -
An assessment of decision-making by surgeons in management of colorectal cancer. International controversies and national practice.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-05-10) -
An Assessment of Factors Influencing Use of Respiratory Protective Equipment in the Norwegian Smelter Industry and the Effect of a Knowledge-based Intervention
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-05-21)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and other respiratory illness have been shown to be more prevalent in Norwegian smelter workers compared to the general population. There is evidence suggesting that the use of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) can be sub-optimal in occupations with respiratory exposure. This thesis investigated psychological factors thought to influence ... -
Assessment of LDL and HDL Subfractions and Metrics of HDL Function in High-Risk Patients of Cardiovascular Disease: Evaluation of Four Different Interventions
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-10-27)Our research focused on assessing lipoprotein subfractions using the Lipoprint LDL® and HDL® system and evaluating metrics associated with HDL function. We examined data from four intervention trials involving high-risk patients of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The interventions included lifestyle changes followed by bariatric surgery for morbidly obese patients, statin and ezetimibe ... -
Assignment of mental health diagnoses and severity : effectiveness and reliability of online standardized assessment instruments
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-09-26)During the last decade, child psychiatry has been a focus of the Norwegian government's plan to improve mental health care. Psychiatric assessment of children and adolescents is more complex than that of adults, and rating scales and diagnostic instruments have become increasingly important tools in both research and clinical practice. This dissertation investigates standardized assessment instruments ... -
Associations between Primary Health Care- and Hospital Utilization among Elderly People in Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2013-12-11)Summary Background: Geographical variations in health-care utilization in many countries have been an area of debate. Health-care supply factors, population and/or environmental need factors might explain the so-called small-area variations (SAVs). Demographic forecasts indicated a significant increase in the elderly population over the next few decades, with a resulting increased need for ... -
Associations of widespread pain sensitivity, comorbid chronic pain and psychological distress with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and abdominal pain
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-09-25)This is the first report documenting widespread hyperalgesia among adolescent and adult individuals with symptoms of IBS in the general population. Results were found to be independent of sex, comorbid pain and psychological distress. Increased pain sensitivity may contribute in triggering and maintaining chronic pain, but prospective studies are needed to examine these possible causal relationships. The ...
