• A 2-million-year-old ecosystem in Greenland uncovered by environmental DNA 

      Kjær, Kurt; Alsos, Inger Greve (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-07)
      Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene epochs 3.6 to 0.8 million years ago1 had climates resembling those forecasted under future warming2. Palaeoclimatic records show strong polar amplification with mean annual temperatures of 11–19 °C above contemporary values3,4. The biological communities inhabiting the Arctic during this time remain poorly known because fossils are rare5. Here we report an ancient ...
    • A 2-million-year-old ecosystem in Greenland uncovered by environmental DNA 

      Kjær, Kurt H.; Winther Pedersen, Mikkel; De Sanctis, Bianca; De Cahsan, Binia; Korneliussen, Thorfinn S.; Michelsen, Christian S.; Sand, Karina K.; Jelavić, Stanislav; Ruter, Anthony H.; Schmidt, Astrid M. A.; Kjeldsen, Kristian K.; Tesakov, Alexey S.; Snowball, Ian; Gosse, John C.; Alsos, Inger Greve; Wang, Yucheng; Dockter, Christoph; Rasmussen, Magnus; Jørgensen, Morten E.; Skadhauge, Birgitte; Prohaska, Ana; Kristensen, Jeppe Å.; Bjerager, Morten; Allentoft, Morten E.; Coissac, Eric; Rouillard, Alexandra; Simakova, Alexandra; Fernandez-Guerra, Antonio; Bowler, Chris; Macias-Fauria, Marc; Vinner, Lasse; Welch, John J.; Hidy, Alan J.; Sikora, Martin; Collins, Matthew J.; Durbin, Richard; Larsen, Nicolaj K.; Willerslev, Eske (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-07)
      Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene epochs 3.6 to 0.8 million years ago had climates resembling those forecasted under future warming. Palaeoclimatic records show strong polar amplification with mean annual temperatures of 11–19 °C above contemporary values. The biological communities inhabiting the Arctic during this time remain poorly known because fossils are rare. Here we report an ancient ...
    • Accurate microRNA annotation of animal genomes using trained covariance models of curated microRNA complements in MirMachine 

      Umu, Sinan Ugur; Paynter, Vanessa Molin; Trondsen, Håvard; Buschmann, Tilo; Rounge, Trine Ballestad; Peterson, Kevin J.; Fromm, Bastian (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-23)
      The annotation of microRNAs depends on the availability of transcriptomics data and expert knowledge. This has led to a gap between the availability of novel genomes and high-quality microRNA complements. Using >16,000 microRNAs from the manually curated microRNA gene database MirGeneDB, we generated trained covariance models for all conserved microRNA families. These models are available in our ...
    • Alpine garden plants from six continents show high vulnerability to ice encasement 

      Bjerke, Jarle W.; Elvebakk, Arve; Tømmervik, Hans (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-27)
      Icy surfaces impose challenges for northern societies, wildlife and agriculture. However, there have been relatively few studies of the impacts of anoxic ground ice on non-agricultural plants. During the winter of 2009–2010, an extreme winter warming event led to thick ground-ice layer development in the world’s northernmost botanical garden in Tromsø, in subarctic Norway, due to much rain on ...
    • Alt eller ingenting: Annerledesgjøren og agens i to (post)koloniale kunstprosjekter 

      Baglo, Cathrine; Stien, Hanne Hammer (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-22)
      Artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i to kunstprosjekter som på ulike måter tematiserer europeisk utstillingskultur og nordisk kolonialisme i fortid og nåtid; «European Attraction Limited» av Lars Cuzner og Cassius Fadlabi (2011–14) og Joar Nangos «European Everything» (2017). Prosjektene diskuteres i lys av en historisk utstillingspraksis som prosjektene påkaller på en direkte eller indirekte måte, nemlig ...
    • Amphipod family distributions around Iceland 

      Brix, Saskia; Lörz, Anne-Nina; Jazdzewska, Anna M.; Hughes, Lauren E.; Tandberg, Anne Helene S.; Pabis, Krzysztof; Stransky, Bente; Krapp-Schickel, Traudl; Sorbe, Jean-Claude; Hendrycks, Ed; Vader, Wim; Frutos, Inmaculada; Horton, Tammy; Jazdzewski, Krzysztof; Peart, Rachael; Beermann, Jan; Coleman, Charles Oliver; Buhl-Mortensen, Lene; Corbari, Laure; Havermans, Charlotte; Tato, Ramiro; Campean, Anali Jimenez (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      Amphipod crustaceans were collected at all 55 stations sampled with an epibenthic sledge during two IceAGE expeditions (Icelandic marine Animals: Genetics and Ecology) in 2011 and 2013. In total, 34 amphipod families and three superfamilies were recorded in the samples. Distribution maps are presented for each taxon along with a summary of the regional taxonomy for the group. Statistical analyses ...
    • Amphipods and sea anemones, an update 

      Vader, Wim; Tandberg, Anne Helene Solberg (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-02)
      We present an updated survey of the Amphipoda that live in association with sea anemones. These amphipods can be divided into four groups: 1) symbiotic amphipods using sea anemones mainly for protection, but feeding largely independently; 2) amphipods feeding on sea anemones, but not permanently associated; 3) symbiotic amphipods living permanently among the tentacles of the sea anemones; and 4) ...
    • Ancient DNA, Lipid Biomarkers and Palaeoecological Evidence Reveals Construction and Life on early Medieval Lake Settlements 

      Brown, Antony; van Hardenbroek, Maarten; Fonville, Thierry; Davies, Kimberley L.; Mackay, Helen; Murray, E; Head, Katie; Barratt, Phil; McCormick, F; Ficetola, Fransesco Gentil; Henderson, Andrew; Crone, Anne; Cavers, G; Langdon, Peter G.; Whitehouse, Nicki J.; Pirrie, Duncan; Alsos, Inger Greve; Gielly, L (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-03)
      Direct evidence of ancient human occupation is typically established through archaeological excavation. Excavations are costly and destructive, and practically impossible in some lake and wetland environments. We present here an alternative approach, providing direct evidence from lake sediments using DNA metabarcoding, steroid lipid biomarkers (bile acids) and from traditional environmental analyses. ...
    • Ancient horse genomes reveal the timing and extent of dispersals across the Bering Land Bridge 

      Vershinina, Alisa; Heintzman, Peter D.; Froese, Duane G.; Zazula, Grant D.; Cassatt-Johnstone, Molly; Dalén, Love; Der Sarkissian, Clio; Dunn, Shelby G.; Ermini, Luca; Gamba, Cristina; Groves, Pamela; Kapp, Joshua D.; Mann, Daniel H.; Seguin-Orlando, Andaine; Southon, John R.; Stiller, Mathias; Wooller, Matthew J.; Baryshnikov, Gennady; Gimranov, Dmitry; Scott, Eric; Hall, Elizabeth; Hewitson, Susan; Kirillova, Irina V.; Kosintsev, Pavel; Shidlovsky, Fedor; Tong, Hao-Wen; Tiunov, Mikhail P.; Vartanyan, Sergey; Orlando, Ludovic; Corbett-Detig, Russell B.; MacPhee, Ross D. E.; Shapiro, Beth (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-10)
      The Bering Land Bridge (BLB) last connected Eurasia and North America during the Late Pleistocene. Although the BLB would have enabled transfers of terrestrial biota in both directions, it also acted as an ecological filter whose permeability varied considerably over time. Here we explore the possible impacts of this ecological corridor on genetic diversity within, and connectivity among, populations ...
    • Archaeology and the debate on the transition from reindeer hunting to pastoralism. 

      Sommerseth, Ingrid (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      The distinctive Sami historical land use concerning reindeer management and settlement of inner Troms, North Norway, is reflected in places with archaeological remains. The insight and knowledge connected with these places can be accessed through oral traditions and place-names where reindeer management is embedded in reindeer knowledge developed over long time spans. Previous distinctions between ...
    • Arctic trophy hunters, tourism and masculinities, 1827-1914 

      Aarekol, Lena (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-12)
      Trophy hunting in the Arctic happened in an intersection between tourism, expeditions and hunting. This study contributes to a discrete history of masculinity within the context of trophy hunting organized from North Norway and to a broader understanding of Arctic masculinity in general. As trophy hunting expeditions are primarily a male, even masculinist, tourist practice, an analysis from ...
    • Arkeologiske spor etter fonnejakt på villrein. 

      Sommerseth, Ingrid (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2013)
      Funn av ei 1000 år gammel jaktpil ved Bønntuva i Tromsø vitner om gamle samiske jaktmåter som vi finner i fjellene i Troms og Finnmark. Villreinen ble skutt mens den sto på snøfonnene på varme sommerdager. I dag forsvinner disse snøfonnene som følge av et varmere klima, og ny kunnskap om en unik jakt smelter dermed frem.
    • Arkeologiske undersøkelser i tilknytning til Mauken/Blåtind skytefelt 

      Arntzen, Johan Eilertsen (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2014)
      Utravingene I tilknytning til Mauken/Blåtind skytefelt omfattet tolv boplasslokaliteter fordelt over ett ca. 500 dekar stort fjellområde. Totalt 14 unike ildstedsstrukturer ble undersøkt. Utgravingene tok sikte på å åpne opp større arealer rundt ildstedene enn hva som har vært vanlig tidligere, noe som ga resultater i form av boligavgrensning for syv av lokalitetene. Det ble til sammen avdekt 280 ...
    • Artsgruppeomtale tovinger (Diptera). Norsk rødliste for arter 2021. Artsdatabanken. 

      Gammelmo, Øivind; Kjærandsen, Jostein; Leendertse, Arjen; Kvifte, Gunnar Mikalsen; Jonassen, Terje (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2021)
      I arbeidet med Rødlista for tovinger er 2748 arter vurdert, og av disse er 379 arter (13,8 %) rødlistet. De fleste tovingene på Rødlista 2021 er knyttet til skog. Tovinger er en av de største ordenene av insekter i Norge, trolig med opp mot 10 000 arter, og kunnskapen er fortsatt svært mangelfull for flere av familiene. Det er gjort en del endringer i denne utgaven av Rødlista for tovinger, og noen ...
    • Assessing environmental DNA metabarcoding and camera trap surveys as complementary tools for biomonitoring of remote desert water bodies 

      Mas-Carrió, Eduard; Schneider, Judith; Nasanbat, Battogtokh; Ravchig, Samiya; Buxton, Mmabaledi; Nyamukondiwa, Casper; Stoffel, Céline; Augugliaro, Claudio; Ceacero, Francisco; Taberlet, Pierre Robert Michel; Glaizot, Olivier; Christe, Philippe; Fumagalli, Luca (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-29)
      Biodiversity assessments are indispensable tools for planning and monitoring conservation strategies. Camera traps (CT) are widely used to monitor wildlife and have proven their usefulness. Environmental DNA (eDNA)-based approaches are increasingly implemented for biomonitoring, combining sensitivity, high taxonomic coverage and resolution, non-invasiveness and easiness of sampling, but remain ...
    • Avipoxviruses : infection biology and their use as vaccine vectors 

      Weli, Simon Chioma; Tryland, Morten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      Avipoxviruses (APVs) belong to the Chordopoxvirinae subfamily of the Poxviridae family. APVs are distributed worldwide and cause disease in domestic, pet and wild birds of many species. APVs are transmitted by aerosols and biting insects, particularly mosquitoes and arthropods and are usually named after the bird species from which they were originally isolated. The virus species Fowlpox virus (FWPV) ...
    • Barents Virtual University? : plans, problems and possibilities 

      Thorvaldsen, Steinar (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2001)
      The international introduction of Internet during the last 8-10 years has resulted in a reorganisation of the IT-sector. This change is overwhelming, to an extent only few experts could predict.Several influential policy reports recently have argued that our societies are changing from industrial societies into 'information societies', in which the creation and dissemination of knowledge is of ...
    • Barn Banter: An Exploration of Anthropomorphism and ‘Equine-o-morphism’ as Agency 

      Davis, Dona Lee; Maurstad, Anita; Dean, Sarah (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2022)
      Barn banter describes and analyzes the sardonic and whimsical verbal exchanges of humor as they function both to develop an elaborated sense of imaginative camaraderie, and to typify constructions of personhood, mutuality and community among horses and those who ride with them in three contemporary South Dakota boarding barns. Although a broad literature on the anthropomorphism of animals, including ...
    • Barnegrava på Kveøy. Hvem var hun som lå der? 

      Sommerseth, Ingrid (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2012)
      I eldre jernalder (0–600 e. Kr) ble de døde gravlagt inntil gårdene. I flere av gravene finner vi eksotiske smykker og våpen som vitner om langveis kontakt med datidas Europa. Det er fra denne perioden hvor arkeologene finner flest barn gravlagt. Den nordligste barnegrava finnes på gården Hundstad i Kvæfjord.