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How study environments foster academic procrastination: Overview and recommendations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-02)Procrastination is common among students, with prevalence estimates double or even triple those of the working population. This inflated prevalence indicates that the academic environment may appear as “procrastination friendly” to students. In the present paper, we identify social, cultural, organizational, and contextual factors that may foster or facilitate procrastination (such as large degree ... -
Adherence to a Western dietary pattern and risk of bladder cancer: A pooled analysis of 13 cohort studies of the Bladder Cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants international study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-24)Little is known about the association of diet with risk of bladder cancer. This might be due to the fact that the majority of studies have focused on single food items, rather than dietary patterns, which may better capture any influence of diet on bladder cancer risk. We aimed to investigate the association between a measure of Western dietary pattern and bladder cancer risk. Associations between ... -
Aerosol i tannhelseklinikken. Del 2: Tiltak for å begrense smitte
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020)Aerosoler blir generert i sammenheng med flere behandlingsprosedyrer og situasjoner i tannhelseklinikken. Aerosoler i tannhelseklinikken kan være infeksiøse og føre til smitte mellom tannhelsepersonell og pasienter. Forskjellige tiltak for å begrense smitte fra infeksiøs aerosol, beskrives og diskuteres. Det er urealistisk å forvente at lokale aerosoler kan elimineres i sammenheng med behandling i ... -
Daily associations between sleep and pain in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-02)Patients with chronic pain commonly report sleep problems, and the evidence for a relationship between sleep disturbance and pain seems robust. The day‐to‐day associations between these constructs are less well studied, particularly with objective sleep measures such as actigraphy. Moreover, the concurrent presence of negative affective symptoms, as well as seasonality effects at extreme latitudes ... -
Sleep Characteristics in Adults With and Without Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain. The Role of Mental Distress and Pain Catastrophizing
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-15)<p>Objectives: Sleep disturbance is associated with persistence and exacerbation of chronic pain. As this relationship seems to be bidirectional, factors underpinning sleep disturbance may prove important in multimodal rehabilitation approaches. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the impact of psychological symptoms on subjective and objective sleep measures in patients with chronic ... -
Seasonality in pain, sleep and mental distress in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain at latitude 69° N
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-28)Seasonality is evident in several aspects of human health and behavior, whereas seasonality in chronic pain is less well studied. We examined seasonal variation in pain severity and pain dissemination, as well as in pain-associated conditions, such as sleep impairment, sleep timing, mental distress, fatigue and physical activity. We also examined if any of these associated conditions moderated the ... -
Sleep in the land of the midnight sun and polar night: The Tromsø study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-29)While some diseases and human behaviors fluctuate consistently with season, the extent of seasonal variations in sleep, especially at high latitudes, is less consistent. We used data from a geographic region (69º North) with extremely large seasonal differences in daylight that had the participants blinded for the current study’s hypotheses. Data were derived from the Tromsø Study (2015–2016), an ... -
The role of ovarian reserve markers in fertility and fertility treatment
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-14)Ovarian reserve is a key component influencing reproductive function and fertility. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) are established quantitative markers of ovarian reserve. The overall aim of this thesis comprising four work packages was to study the role of AMH and AFC on different aspects of fertility and fertility treatment. Their specific objectives were: 1) To ... -
The effects of contextual diversity on incidental vocabulary learning in the native and a foreign language
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-18)Vocabulary learning occurs throughout the lifespan, often implicitly. For foreign language learners, this is particularly challenging as they must acquire a large number of new words with little exposure. In the present study, we explore the effects of contextual diversity—namely, the number of texts a word appears in—on native and foreign language word learning. Participants read several texts that ... -
Implications of increasing Atlantic influence for Arctic microbial community structure
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-06)Increasing influence of Atlantic water in the Arctic Ocean has the potential to significantly impact regional water temperature and salinity. Here we use a rDNA barcoding approach to reveal how microbial communities are partitioned into distinct assemblages across a gradient of Atlantic-Polar Water influence in the Norwegian Sea. Data suggest that temperate adapted bacteria may replace cold water ... -
Menstrual factors, reproductive history, hormone use, and urothelial carcinoma risk: A prospective study in the EPIC cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-28)<p>Background: Urothelial carcinoma is the predominant (95%) bladder cancer subtype in industrialized nations. Animal and epidemiologic human studies suggest that hormonal factors may influence urothelial carcinoma risk. <p>Methods: We used an analytic cohort of 333,919 women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Cohort. Associations between hormonal factors and ... -
Stochastic Epigenetic Mutations Are Associated with Risk of Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, and Mature B-cell Neoplasms
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-11)<p>Background: Age-related epigenetic dysregulations are associated with several diseases, including cancer. The number of stochastic epigenetic mutations (SEM) has been suggested as a biomarker of life-course accumulation of exposure-related DNA damage; however, the predictive role of SEMs in cancer has seldom been investigated. <p>Methods: A SEM, at a given CpG site, was defined as an extreme ... -
Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (sRAGE) and colorectal cancer risk: a 1 case-control study nested within a European prospective cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-20)<p>Background: Overexpression of the receptor for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) has been associated with chronic inflammation, which in turn has been associated with increased colorectal cancer risk. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) competes with RAGE to bind its ligands, thus potentially preventing RAGE-induced inflammation. <p>Methods: To investigate whether sRAGE and related genetic variants are ... -
Adjectivization in Russian: Analyzing participles by means of lexical frequency and constraint grammar
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-03)This dissertation explores the factors that restrict and facilitate adjectivization in Russian, an affixless part-of-speech change leading to ambiguity between participles and adjectives. I develop a theoretical framework based on major approaches to adjectivization, and assess the effect of the factors on ambiguity in the empirical data. I build a linguistic model using the Constraint Grammar ... -
Conversión de Píritu (1690) de Matías Ruiz Blanco. Una obra misionera en el contexto fronterizo del oriente venezolano (siglo XVII)
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-04-26)This dissertation represents the first monograph on the understudied missionary text Conversión de Píritu (1690) written by the franciscan Matías Ruiz Blanco (1643–1708). The main aim is to present Ruiz Blanco as a cultural translator in his endeavor to convert to Christianity the Cumanagoto people of the Province of Píritu during the last decades of the 17th century. He made visible his efforts to ... -
Electromagnetic modeling of damaged fiber-reinforced laminates
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-15)As a prerequisite to nondestructive testing of damaged fibered laminates, the Green's function, corresponding with an undamaged structure, and the electromagnetic fields associated with the damaged one are investigated herein. For the undamaged fibered laminate, benefiting from the periodicity of the fibers within each layer, the field solution follows the scattering-matrix-based method using the ... -
The development journey of an artificial intestinal model predicting oral drug absorption: the mucus-PVPA model
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-04-23)Oral drug administration is the most convenient route to systemically deliver drugs because of its cost-effectiveness, ease of administration and high patient compliance. However, when a drug is orally administered it will be exposed to the different physiological processes and environments found along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which will determine its ability of being absorbed and reach the ... -
Predicting oral absorption of fenofibrate in lipid-based drug delivery systems by combining in vitro lipolysis with the mucus-PVPA permeability model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-08)The aim of this work was to develop a new in vitro lipolysis-permeation model to predict the in vivo absorption of fenofibrate in self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDSs). More specifically, the in vitro intestinal lipolysis model was combined with the mucus-PVPA (Phospholipid Vesicle-based Permeation Assay) in vitro permeability model. Biosimilar mucus (BM) was added to the surface of ... -
We Ran a Hospital. The Norwegian Nurses efforts During the Korean War and the Impact of their Experiences on Norwegian Nursing and Theatre Nursing
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-04-23)<p>During the Korean War (1951-53), Norway operated and staffed a surgical field hospital at the front along the 38th parallel. The Norwegian Mobile Army Surgical Hospital – NORMASH – was a part of the United Nations peace-enforcing force to stop aggression from North-Korea towards South-Korea. <p>NORMASH was staffed only with civilian volunteers. Without any training as a military group or in war ... -
Primary care use and cardiovascular disease risk in Russian 40–69 year olds: a cross-sectional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-04)<i>Background</i> - The Russian Federation has very high cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates compared with countries of similar economic development. This cross-sectional study compares the characteristics of CVD-free participants with and without recent primary care contact to ascertain their CVD risk and health status.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - A total of 2774 participants aged 40–69 ...