Problem - For health care providers to ensure appropriate decision-making in clinical settings during childbirth, facilitators and barriers must be identified.<p> <p>Background - Women who experience a sense of control by participating in the decision-making process, are more likely to have a positive birth experience. However, decision-making may involve hierarchies of close observation and ...

Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods have shown promise for the assessment of formal thought disorder, a hallmark feature of schizophrenia in which disturbances to the structure, organization, or coherence of thought can manifest as disordered or incoherent speech. We investigated the suitability of modern Large Language Models (LLMs - e.g., GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and Llama 3) to predict expert-generated ...

Significant quantities of salmon are processed daily in the industry's indoor facilities. Occupational exposure contributes to an individual's exposome. The aim of this study is to obtain knowledge about potential exposure to viable airborne species of bacteria and fungi as related to workstations in the salmon processing industry. The study was conducted in nine salmon plants along the Norwegian ...

This paper presents a detailed study of an AI-driven platform designed for the training of child welfare and law enforcement professionals in conducting investigative interviews with maltreated children. It achieves a subjective simulation of interview situation through the integration of fine-tuned GPT-3 models within the Unity framework. The study recruited participants from a range of backgrounds, ...

The spectacular visual displays from the aurora come from curtains of excited atoms and molecules, impacted by energetic charged particles. These particles are accelerated from great distances in Earth's magnetotail, causing them to precipitate into the ionosphere. Energetic particle precipitation is associated with currents that generate electric fields, and the end result is a dissipation of the ...

<p>Hypoxia may be defined as a state of O₂ deficiency in which cellular energetic homeostasis is challenged. Prolonged exposure to hypoxia can lead to a bioenergetic collapse as it induces a switch from mitochondrial oxidative metabolism to a mainly glycolytic one, which is not sustainable over time. Recent evidence shows that mitochondrial metabolic response to hypoxia also depends on ...

We first review the way in which Hasselmann’s paradigm, introduced in 1976 and recently honored with the Nobel Prize, can, like many key innovations in complexity science, be understood on several different levels. It can be seen as a way to add variability into the pioneering energy balance models (EBMs) of Budyko and Sellers. On a more abstract level, however, it used the original stochastic ...

Purpose To investigate the association between five dietary trajectories over 21 years and frailty in Norwegian older adults.<p> <p>Methods This study used data from three surveys of the Tromsø Study. Diet was measured using food frequency questionnaires at baseline (Tromsø4, 1994–95), after 7 years (Tromsø5, 2001) and at the end of follow-up (Tromsø7, 2015–16). Survey-specific diet scores were ...

The exotic aromatic Butcher series were originally introduced for the calculation of order conditions for the high order numerical integration of ergodic stochastic differential equations in Rd and on manifolds. We prove in this paper that exotic aromatic B-series satisfy a universal geometric property, namely that they are characterised by locality and equivariance with respect to orthogonal ...

Patients with acute coronary artery disease (CAD) exhibit reduced global and regional strain and strain rate (S/SR). However, knowledge about segmental S/SR in stable CAD patients is still limited. This study aimed to investigate whether resting segmental S/SR measurements differ in patients with chronic chest pain who have normal coronary arteries or stenotic coronary arteries, and to compare these ...