Autoimmune Addison’s disease (AAD) is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex. Low prevalence and complex inheritance have long hindered successful genetic studies. We here report the first genome-wide association study on AAD, which identifies nine independent risk loci (P < 5 × 10−8). In addition to loci implicated in lymphocyte function and development shared with other ...

The reconstruction of past ice sheet extents and dynamics in polar regions is essential for understanding the global climate system and obtaining more reliable predictions of future climate change. Here, we present a multi-proxy dataset integrating the Nd isotopic compositions (εNd) of paired detrital and authigenic Fe oxide fractions, grain size distributions, organic geochemistry, and mineral ...

Calanoid copepods dominate mesozooplankton communities in temperate and Nordic seas. The ability of copepods to remain and feed in productive surface waters depends on their ability to overcome downward flows. In this study, we assessed the swimming performance of subarctic Calanus spp. and tested how the copepods can retain their vertical position in a representative range of downward currents ...

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) studies of fisheries usually apply output oriented capacity utilization based on physical measures. Although physical measures capture important input factors employed in fishing activities (such as boat size, engine power), economic measures directly reflect the cost of inputs employed. This case study investigates whether economic measures are vital or whether ...

Avhandlingen undersøker om, når og hvordan kreditorvern/rettsvern kan etableres etter gjeldende norsk rett. Metoden som anvendes er rettsdogmatisk metode. Avhandlingen er ikke begrenset til å omhandle etablering av kreditorvern i noen bestemte typer formuesgoder eller bestemte typer formuesrettigheter. De lovfestede kreditorvernreglene danner likevel en ramme for hvilke formuesgoder og formuesrettigheter ...

As the sea ice extent steadily decreases, the Arctic region is simultaneously experiencing extensive growth in commercial shipping activities, in areas which previously were considered inaccessible for most ships during large periods of the year, increasing the probability of accidents or incidents occurring. <i>The International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters (The Polar Code)</i> states ...

Researchers of digital storytelling emphasize emotions as an important aspect of learning in the production and presentation of digital stories. The aim of this study is to explore the positive and negative emotions involved in the process of making digital stories and presenting them. As well as students’ perceptions of how this affects their motivation and learning. One hundred and thirty-two ...

Etter folkemordet i Rwanda våren 1994 var landet traumatisert, fengslene overfylt og rettsoppgjøret tok for lang tid. For å håndtere disse problemene ble den tradisjonelle gacaca-praksisen revitalisert og brukt i forsoningsarbeidet. De nye gacaca opererte over hele landet mellom 2001 til 2012. Denne oppgaven har som mål å bedre forstå hva den tradisjonelle gacaca-praksisen var og hvordan denne skilte ...

Bakgrunn: Multippel sklerose er en kronisk demyeliniserende sykdom som man i dag ikke har en kurativ behandling for. Med moderne MS-behandling endres behandlingsmålene for pasienter. «No evidence of disease activity» - NEDA – betyr at pasienter ikke har tegn til sykdom ved funksjonsforverring, attakker eller nye lesjoner på MR over en viss tidsperiode. NEDA er foreslått som mål for behandling av ...