Browsing Artikler, rapporter og annet (samfunnsmedisin) by Title

Now showing items 61-80 of 1394

    • Are attitudes in employees of public employment service in line with the principles of individual placement and support? A questionnaire-based survey 

      Brinchmann, Beate; Rinaldi, Miles; Sandtorv, Elisabeth; Moe, Cathrine Fredriksen; McDaid, David; Killackey, Eóin; Mykletun, Arnstein (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-13)
      A high proportion of people with severe mental illness (SMI) want to work, consider it essential for recovery, yet employment rates are low. Many employees in public employment services (PES) work according to traditional attitudes that people with SMI are unable to work and if they do, risk harm from work-related stress. These attitudes conflict with principles in evidence based vocational ...

    • Are environmental characteristics in the municipal eldercare, more closely associated with frequent short sick leave spells among employees than with total sick leave: a cross-sectional study 

      Stapelfeldt, CM; Nielsen, CV; Andersen, NT; Krane, Line; Fleten, Nils; Borg, V; Jensen, C (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Background: It has been suggested that frequent-, short-term sick leave is associated with work environment factors, whereas long-term sick leave is associated mainly with health factors. However, studies of the hypothesis of an association between a poor working environment and frequent short spells of sick leave are few and results are inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to explore associations ...

    • Are labor pain and birth experience associated with persistent pain and postpartum depression? A Prospective Cohort Study 

      Rosseland, Leiv Arne; Reme, Silje Endresen; Simonsen, Tone Breines; Thoresen, Magne; Nielsen, Christopher Sivert; Eberhard Gran, Malin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-29)
      <i>Background and aims</i> - A considerable research-literature focuses on pain during labor and associations with postpartum persistent pain and depression, with findings pointing in various directions. The aim of this study was to examine the role of labor pain and overall birth experience in the development of pain and depression 8 weeks after delivery.<p><p> <i>Methods</i> - The study sample ...

    • Are physical activity and benefits maintained after long-term telerehabilitation in COPD? 

      Hoaas, Hanne; Morseth, Bente; Holland, Anne E.; Zanaboni, Paolo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016)
      This study investigated whether physical activity levels and other outcomes were maintained at 1-year from completion of a 2-year telerehabilitation intervention in COPD. During the post-intervention year, nine patients with COPD (FEV1 % of pred. 42.4±19.8%; age 58.1±6 years) were encouraged to exercise on a treadmill at home and monitor daily symptoms and training sessions on a webpage as during ...

    • "Are You Saying She's Mentally Ill Then?" Explaining Medically Unexplained Seizures in Clinical Encounters 

      Robson, Catherine; Lian, Olaug S (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-01)
      Bodily phenomena that are difficult to identify, localize, explain and cure with the aid of modern biomedical knowledge and technology leave ample room for cultural influence. That makes them a perfect case for studying the cultural dimension of medical knowledge and practice. Building on this assumption we qualitatively explore the communication between neurologists and women with seizure disorders ...

    • The Argentinian mother-and-child contaminant study: a cross-sectional study among delivering women in the cities of Ushuaia and Salta 

      Økland, Inger; Odland, Jon Øyvind; Matiocevich, Silvinia; Alvarez, Marisa Viviana; Aarsland, Torbjørn; Nieboer, Evert; Hansen, Solrunn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-28)
      Several ongoing international multidisciplinary projects have examined linkages between environmental chemicals and health. In contrast to Arctic regions, information for the Southern Hemisphere is scarce. Because of the inherent practice of pesticide utilisation and mismanagement, food security is potentially threatened. The most vulnerable period in human life occurs during pregnancy and early ...

    • Arrhythmia, electrocardiographic signs, and physical activity in relation to coronary heart risk factors and disease : the Tromsø study 

      Løchen, Maja-Lisa (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 1995)

    • Aspects of statin prescribing in Norwegian counties with high, average and low statin consumption : an individual-level prescription database study 

      Sakshaug, Solveig; Hartz, Ingeborg; Furu, Kari; Skurtveit, Svetlana; Engeland, Anders; Eggen, Anne Elise; Njølstad, Inger (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2007-12-05)
      Background: A previous study has shown that variations in threshold and intensity (lipid goal attainment) of statins for primary prevention contribute to regional differences in overall consumption of statins in Norway. Our objective was to explore how differences in prevalences of use, dosing characteristics, choice of statin and continuity of therapy in individual patients adds new information ...

    • Assessing medical students' attitudes towards learning communication skills : which components of attitudes do we measure? 

      Anvik, Tor; Gude, Tore; Bærheim, Anders; Risberg, Terje; Fasmer, Ole B.; Hjortdahl, Per; Holen, Are; Vaglum, Per (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2007-03-30)
      Background: The Communication Skills Attitudes Scale (CSAS) created by Rees, Sheard and Davies and published in 2002 has been a widely used instrument for measuring medical students' attitudes towards learning communication skills. Earlier studies have shown that the CSAS mainly tests two dimensions of attitudes towards communication; positive attitudes (PAS) and negative attitudes (NAS). The ...

    • Assessing the impact of exposome on the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystc fibrosis: The REMEDIA European Project Approach 

      Benjdir, Manon; Audureau, Etienne; Beresniak, Ariel; Coll, Patrice; Epaud, Ralph; Fiedler, Kristina; Jacquemin, B; Niddam, Laurent; Pandis, Spyros N.; Pohlmann, Gerhard; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Simmons, Kai; Sorensen, Mette; Wagner, Patrick; Lanone, Sophie (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-26)
      Because of the direct interaction of lungs with the environment, respiratory diseases are among the leading causes of environment-related deaths in the world. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) are two highly debilitating diseases that are of particular interest in the context of environmental studies; they both are characterized by a similar progressive loss of ...

    • Assessing the relationship between perfluoroalkyl substances, thyroid hormones and binding proteins in pregnant women; a longitudinal mixed effects approach 

      Berg, Vivian; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Hansen, Solrunn; Elverland, Astrid; Veyhec, Anna-Sofía; Jorde, Rolf; Odland, Jon Øyvind; Sandanger, Torkjel M (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-04)
      <p>The mechanisms involved in thyroid homeostasis are complex, and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been indicated to interfere at several levels in this endocrine system. Disruption of the maternal thyroid homeostasis during early pregnancy is of particular concern, where subclinical changes in maternal thyroid hormones (THs) may affect embryonic and foetal development.</p> <p>The present ...

    • Assessing the role of genome-wide DNA methylation between smoking and risk of lung cancer using repeated measurements: the HUNT Study 

      Sun, Yi-Qian; Richmond, Rebecca C.; Suderman, Matthew; Min, Josine L; Battram, Thomas; Flatberg, Arnar; Beisvag, Vidar; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Guida, Florence; Jiang, Lin; Wahl, Sissel Gyrid Freim; Langhammer, Arnulf; Skorpen, Frank; Walker, Rosie M; Bretherick, Andrew D; Zeng, Yanni; Chen, Yue; Johansson, Mattias; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Relton, Caroline L; Mai, Xiao-Mei (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-17)
      <i>Background</i> - It is unclear if smoking-related DNA methylation represents a causal pathway between smoking and risk of lung cancer. We sought to identify novel smoking-related DNA methylation sites in blood, with repeated measurements, and to appraise the putative role of DNA methylation in the pathway between smoking and lung cancer development.<br><br> <i>Methods</i> - We derived a nested ...

    • Assessment of outcome measures for cost–utility analysis in depression: mapping depression scales onto the EQ-5D-5L 

      Gamst-Klaussen, Thor; Lamu, Admassu N.; Chen, Gang; Olsen, Jan Abel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-13)
      <i>Background:</i> Many clinical studies including mental health interventions do not use a health state utility instrument, which is essential for producing quality-adjusted life years. In the absence of such utility instrument, mapping algorithms can be applied to estimate utilities from a disease-specific instrument.<p> <p><i>Aims:</i> We aim to develop mapping algorithms from two widely used ...

    • Assessment of the EarlyCDT-Lung test as an early biomarker of lung cancer in ever-smokers: A retrospective nested case-control study in two prospective cohorts 

      Wu, Wendy Yi-Ying; Haider, Zahra; Feng, Xiaoshuang; Heath, Alicia K.; Tjønneland, Anne; Agudo, Antonio; Masala, Giovanna; Robbins, Hilary A.; Huerta, María-José; Guevara, Marcela; Schulze, Matthias B.; Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel; Vineis, Paolo; Tumino, Rosario; Kaaks, Rudolf; Fortner, Renée T.; Sieri, Sabina; Panico, Salvatore; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Braaten, Tonje; Johansson, Mattias; Melin, Beatrice; Johansson, Mikael (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-28)
      The EarlyCDT-Lung test is a blood-based autoantibody assay intended to identify high-risk individuals for low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the performance of the EarlyCDT-Lung test in ever-smokers. We conducted a nested case-control study within two prospective cohorts to evaluate the risk-discriminatory performance of the EarlyCDT-Lung ...

    • Assessment of otoscopy: how does observation compare to a review of clinical evidence? 

      Davis, Simon; Norvik, Jon Viljar; Hansen, Kristin Elisa Ruud; Vognild, Ingrid; Reierth, Eirik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015)
      Background and Purpose: To investigate how much the method of observation agrees with a standardised review of evidence of clinical examination, for the assessment of clinical otoscopic competence. <br> Methods: 65 medical students took part in an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) station using patients with real pathology. Examiners assessed otoscopic competency in tympanic membrane ...

    • The association between adult attained height and sitting height with mortality in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC) 

      Sawada, Norie; Wark, Petra A.; Merritt, Melissa A.; Tsugane, Shoichiro; Ward, Heather A.; Rinaldi, Sabina; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Dartois, Laureen; His, Mathilde; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Turzanski-Fortner, Renée; Kaaks, Rudolf; Overvad, Kim; Redondo, María-Luisa; Travier, Noemie; Molina-Portillo, Elena; Dorronsoro, Miren; Cirera, Lluis; Ardanaz, Eva; Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Lagiou, Pagona; Valanou, Elissavet; Masala, Giovanna; Pala, Valeria; Peeters, Petra H.M.; van der Schouw, Yvonne T.; Melander, Olle; Manjer, Jonas; da Silva, Marisa Eleonor; Skeie, Guri; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Gunter, Mark J.; Riboli, Elio; Cross, Amanda J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-03)
      Adult height and sitting height may reflect genetic and environmental factors, including early life nutrition, physical and social environments. Previous studies have reported divergent associations for height and chronic disease mortality, with positive associations observed for cancer mortality but inverse associations for circulatory disease mortality. Sitting height might be more strongly ...

    • Association between anthropometry and lifestyle factors and risk of B-cell lymphoma: An exposome-wide analysis 

      Hosnijeh, Fatemeh Saberi; Casabonne, Delphine; Nieters, Alexandra; Solans, Marta; Naudin, Sabine; Ferrari, Pietro; McKay, James D.; Benavente, Yolanda; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Freisling, Heinz; Severi, Gianluca; Ruault, Marie-Christine Boutron; Bonet, Catalina; Besson, Caroline; Agnoli, Claudia; Barricarte, Aurelio; Christakoudi, Sofia; Masala, Giovanna; Knuppel, Anika; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Bueno-De-Mesquita, Bas; Tumino, Rosario; Huerta, José María; Schulze, Matthias B.; Kaaks, Rudolf; Amiano, Pilar; Barranco, Miguel Rodriguez; Canzian, Federico; Späth, Florentin; Jerkeman, Mats; Rylander, Charlotta; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen; Vermeulen, Roel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-31)
      To better understand the role of individual and lifestyle factors in human disease, an exposome‐wide association study was performed to investigate within a single‐study anthropometry measures and lifestyle factors previously associated with B‐cell lymphoma (BCL). Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition study, 2402 incident BCL cases were diagnosed from 475 426 ...

    • Association between atmospheric air temperature and blood pressure among adult population in different seasons 

      Rastokina, Tatiana N.; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Unguryanu, Tatiana Nikolaevna (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-17)
      BACKGROUND: The prevalence of hypertension in the Arkhangelsk region is steadily increasing. Despite the progress in the diagnostics and the availability of treatment, a half of the population are unaware of their hypertension and its potential consequences, and consequently, do not adhere to the prescribed medications. This lack of awareness, coupled with the challenging climatic conditions of the ...

    • The association between body fatness and mortality among breast cancer survivors: results from a prospective cohort study 

      Bonet, Catalina; Crous-Bou, Marta; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Gunter, Marc J.; Kaaks, Rudolf; Schulze, Matthias B.; Turzanski Fortner, Rénee; Antoniussen, Christian S.; Dahm, Christina C.; Mellemkjær, Lene; Tjønneland, Anne; Amiano, Pilar; Ardanaz, Eva; Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M.; Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel; Tin Tin, Sandar; Agnoli, Claudia; Masala, Giovanna; Panico, Salvatore; Sacerdote, Carlotta; May, Anne M.; Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen; Rylander, Karin Charlotta Maria; Skeie, Guri; Christakoudi, Sofia; Aune, Dagfinn; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Dossus, Laure; Riboli, Elio; Agudo, Antonio (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-29)
      Evidence linking body fatness to breast cancer (BC) prognosis is limited. While it seems that excess adiposity is associated with poorer BC survival, there is uncertainty over whether weight changes reduce mortality. This study aimed to assess the association between body fatness and weight changes pre- and postdiagnosis and overall mortality and BC-specific mortality among BC survivors. Our study ...

    • Association between classes and subclasses of polyphenol intake and 5-year body weight changes in the EPIC-PANACEA study 

      Castañeda, Jazmin; Gil-Lespinard, Mercedes; Almanza-Aguilera, Enrique; Llaha, Fjorida; Gómez, Jesús-Humberto; Bondonno, Nicola; Tjønneland, Anne; Overvad, Kim; Katzke, Verena; Schulze, Matthias B.; Masala, Giovanna; Agnoli, Claudia; Santucci de Magistris, Maria; Tumino, Rosario; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Skeie, Guri; Brustad, Magritt; Lasheras, Cristina; Molina-Montes, Esther; Chirlaque, María-Dolores; Barricarte, Aurelio; Sonestedt, Emily; da Silva, Marisa Eleonor; Johansson, Ingegerd; Hultdin, Johan; May, Anne M.; Forouhi, Nita G.; Heath, Alicia K.; Freisling, Heinz; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Scalbert, Augustin; Zamora-Ros, Raul (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-24)
      Objective - The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations among the intake of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes, and polyphenol subclasses and body weight change over 5 years.<p> <p>Methods - A total of 349,165 men and women aged 25 to 70 years were recruited in the Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of Smoking, Eating Out of Home and Obesity (PANACEA) project of the ...