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norskArtikler, rapporter og annet (samfunnsmedisin): Recent submissions
Now showing items 1081-1100 of 1514
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Sociopolitical and cultural correlates of internalized homonegativity in gay and bisexual men: findings from a global study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-11-15)Objectives: Based on the premise that internalized homonegativity (IH) is a product of the incorporation of environmental heterosexism, the authors examined the influence of sociopolitical and individual influences on IH. Methods: The cross-sectional study consisted of 109,382 gay and bisexual men across 77 countries. Results: Variables at the (European) country-level that were associated with higher ... -
The potential protective effect of friendship on the association between childhood adversity and psychological distress in adulthood: A retrospective, preliminary, three-wave population-based study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-14)<p><i>Background</i> Previous studies that assessed the mediating role of social support in the association between childhood adversity and psychological distress based their inferences on very small, selective samples, which makes it impossible to generalise the findings to general population. The aim of this paper was to assess the mediating role of quantity and quality of social support in ... -
Patient participation in decision-making about cardiovascular preventive drugs-resistance as agency
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-28)<p><i>Objective</i>: The aim of the study was to describe and explore patient agency through resistance in decision-making about cardiovascular preventive drugs in primary care.</p> <p><i>Design</i>: Six general practitioners from the southeast of Sweden audiorecorded 80 consultations. From these, 28 consultations with proposals from GPs for cardiovascular preventive drug treatments were chosen ... -
Epistemological challenges in contemporary Western healthcare systems exemplified by people’s widespread use of complementary and alternative medicine
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-12)Modern Western public healthcare systems offer predominantly publicly subsidized healthcare traditionally based on biomedicine as the most important basis to cure persons who suffer from disorders of somatic or psychiatric nature. To which extent this epistemological position is suitable for this purpose is under scientific debate and challenged by some people’s personal understandings of health and ... -
Repeated measurements of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from 1979 to 2007 in males from Northern Norway: Assessing time trends, compound correlations and relations to age/birth cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-06)<p><i>Background</i> Longitudinal biomonitoring studies can provide unique information on how human concentrations change over time, but have so far not been conducted for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in a background exposed population.</p> <p> <i>Objectives</i> The objectives of this study were to determine: i) serum PFAS time trends on an individual level; ii) relative ... -
Ignoring symptoms: The process of normalising sensory experiences after cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-01)This article explores the process of interpreting bodily sensations after completed cancer treatment. We base our analysis on repeated interviews over a period of 12 months with eight participants who had different cancer diagnoses. By using the concepts of ‘sensa- tion schemas’ and ‘sensation scripts’, we explore how sensation schemas of cancer dominated in the first period, while schemas of late ... -
Introduction: Sensations, Symptoms and Healthcare Seeking
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03)Inspired by the sensory turn in the humanities, anthropologists have coined the term ‘an anthropology of the senses’ to describe the study of the perceptual construction and output of bodily sensations and sense-modalities (cf. Howes 2006; Nichter 2008). Starting from the premise that different cultures and social settings configure, elaborate and extend the senses in different directions, key ... -
Ghiasvand et al. Respond to "Indoor Tanning-A Melanoma Accelerator?"
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-01) -
Local In Time Statistics for detecting weak gene expression signals in blood – illustrated for prediction of metastases in breast cancer in the NOWAC Post-genome Cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-10)Background: Functional genomics in a processual analysis cover the time-dependent changes in transcriptomics and epigenetics before diagnosis of a disease, reflecting the changes in both life style and disease processes. The aim of this paper is to explore the dynamic, time-dependent mechanisms of the metastatic processes, using blood transcriptomics and including time in a continuous manner. For ... -
Maternal alcohol and tobacco consumption and the association with their 9 to 14-year-old children's Body Mass Index
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-06)Aims: <br>Little is known about impact of maternal alcohol and tobacco consumption on adolescents’ body size. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether maternal alcohol or tobacco consumption is associated with their children’s body size in adolescence, assessed by Body Mass Index (BMI). <br> Methods: <br>This study was conduct in subjects recruited into the Finnish Health in Teens ... -
Factors facilitating patient satisfaction among women with medically unexplained long-term fatigue: A relational perspective
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-05-14)Bodily conditions that are difficult to identify, explain and treat with the aid of medical knowledge and technology appear to be particularly challenging to medical encounters. Patients are often dissatisfied with the help they receive, and they often experience that their medical needs are not met. To explore factors facilitating patient satisfaction among patients with a medically unexplained ... -
DNA methylome analysis identifies accelerated epigenetic ageing associated with postmenopausal breast cancer susceptibility
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-28)Aim of the study: A vast majority of human malignancies are associated with ageing, and age is a strong predictor of cancer risk. Recently, DNA methylation-based marker of ageing, known as ‘epigenetic clock’, has been linked with cancer risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate whether the epigenetic clock is associated with breast cancer risk susceptibility and to identify potential epigenetics-based ... -
Global, regional, and national under-5 mortality, adult mortality, age-specific mortality, and life expectancy, 1970-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-16)Background: <br> Detailed assessments of mortality patterns, particularly age-specific mortality, represent a crucial input that enables health systems to target interventions to specific populations. Understanding how all-cause mortality has changed with respect to development status can identify exemplars for best practice. To accomplish this, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk ... -
General practitioner use of a C-reactive protein point-of-care test to help target antibiotic prescribing in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (the PACE study): Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-29)Background: <br>Most patients presenting with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in primary care are prescribed an antibiotic, which may not always be appropriate and may cause harm. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase biomarker that can be rapidly measured at the point of care and may predict benefit from antibiotic treatment in AECOPD. It is not clear ... -
Resting heart rate trajectories and myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, ischaemic stroke and death in the general population: The Tromso Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-25)Background: <br>Resting heart rate (RHR) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but long-term individual RHR trajectories and their effect on CVD morbidity and mortality have not yet been described. <br> Methods: <br>This large population-based longitudinal study included 14,208 men and women aged 20 years or older, not pregnant, and not using blood pressure medications, ... -
The impact of changes in leisure time physical activity on changes in cardiovascular risk factors: results from The Finnmark 3 Study and SAMINOR 1, 1987–2003
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-15)Objective: <br>The aim of this study was to examine the associations between changes in leisure time physical activity and changes in cardiovascular risk factors over 16 years and whether they differ between two ethnic groups in Norway. <br>Methods: <br>Data were extracted from two population-based studies. Altogether, 3671 men and women participated in both surveys, and 30% reported being of ... -
Attitudes and knowledge about direct and indirect risks among conventional and complementary health care providers in cancer care
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-31)Background: Many complementary therapies offer benefits for patients with cancer. Others may be risky for patients due to negative interactions with conventional treatment and adverse effects. Therefore, cancer patients need guidance from health care providers to assess complementary modalities appropriately to receive benefits and avoid harm. <br> Method: In a self-administered questionnaire-based ... -
Dental caries and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-02)Objectives:<br> The primary objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the association between dental caries and preterm birth (PTB). The secondary objective was ascertaining the difference between women with dental caries who experienced PTB and those who did not with regard to decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT), and decayed, missing and filled surfaces (DMFS) indices. <br>M ... -
Risk of early-onset prostate cancer associated with occupation in the Nordic countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-11-10)Background: <br>Early-onset prostate cancer is often more aggressive and may have a different etiology than later-onset prostate cancer, but has been relatively little studied to date. We evaluated occupation in relation to early-onset and later-onset prostate cancer in a large pooled study. <br>Methods: <br>We used occupational information from census data in five Nordic countries from 1960-1990. ... -
Avoidable cancer cases in the Nordic countries - The impact of overweight and obesity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-05-03)Background: <br>Several types of cancers are causally linked to overweight and obesity which are increasing in the Nordic countries. The aim of this study was to quantify the proportion of the cancer burden linked to overweight and obesity in the Nordic countries and estimate the potential for cancer prevention.<br> Methods: <br>Under different prevalence scenarios of overweight and obesity, ...
