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Design and optimization of liposomal formulation intended for phagocyte targeting in cancer treatment
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-05-15)For the first time, we have developed a liposomal formulation for Nω-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine (nor-NOHA). nor-NOHA is an arginase inhibitor that has potential in cancer treatment. The work aimed to develop a formulation that would have high encapsulation efficiency (EE%) for nor-NOHA in liposomes. Optimization of liposomes was conducted stepwise, namely liposomal characteristics were investigated ... -
Lipid Nanoparticle Enabled Co-Delivery of Tetrahedral DNA Framework and Antimicrobial Peptides
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-05-15)In the context of persistent wound infections, the delivery of antimicrobial agents is challenging. The bacterium in skin presents several strategies to avoid antimicrobial exposure by hiding inside cells and via the formation of biofilms. Additionally, several virulence strategies facilitate the progression of persistent bacterial infections. Although antibiotics are considered very advanced, they ... -
Effect of PEGylation in liposomal protein corona formation. Characterization of in vitro protein corona formation and the effect of protein corona on cellular uptake of pH-sensitive liposomes in glioblastoma cells
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-05-15)Glioblastoma is the most lethal brain cancer, characterized by rapid growth and high mortality. Despite advances in diagnosis, surgery, and radiation therapy, glioblastoma remains resistant to treatment. One of the keys to successful anticancer drugs is their ability to reach the target site while minimizing accumulation in other tissues. Most drugs lack the physical and chemical properties and ... -
Liposomal Nω-hydroxy-l-norarginine, a proof-of-concept: Arginase inhibitors can be incorporated in liposomes while retaining their therapeutic activity ex vivo
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-08)Cancer immunotherapy has evolved significantly over the last decade, with therapeutics targeting the adaptive immune system showing exciting effects in clinics. Yet, the modulation of the innate immune system, particularly the tumor-associated innate immune cells which are an integral part of immune responses in cancer, remains less understood. The arginase 1 (Arg1) pathway is a pivotal metabolic ... -
Application of outer membrane vesicles from ESKAPE pathogens as native models of bacterial membranes
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-05-14)The antimicrobial resistance crisis has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens, posing a significant threat to public health. To address this crisis there is an ongoing search for new antimicrobial substances. To facilitate this search and to understand the nature of antimicrobial resistance better it is crucial to develop representative models of bacterial membranes and efficient ... -
Hypothetical target trial emulation assessing of combination pembrolizumab with chemotherapy in NSCLC with frail patients
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-14)Real-world data (RWE) may enable the investigation of patients who are ineligible for Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) due to poor performance status, old age, or comorbidities. In addition, it permits research that may be impossible through prospective design due to ethics or feasibility. Hypothetical target trial emulation(hTTE) has emerged as a new method that uses RWD to evaluate new drugs' ... -
Synthesis of linear and cyclic proline-rich analogues of the marine, antimicrobial peptides Hyasin 1 and Arasin 1. Impact of antimicrobial peptide modifications on bioactivity and toxicity
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-05-13)Since the introduction of antimicrobial agents in the 1940s, antimicrobial resistance has increasingly become a major concern. New resistance mechanisms have emerged and threatened our ability to treat common infections. Currently, antimicrobial resistance is rising to higher levels in all parts of the world and the need of novel therapeutics is increasing. As a contribution to antimicrobial drug ... -
The potential of ChatGPT as a learning tool. A randomized controlled trial of pharmacy students in Tromsø
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2024-05-12)Background: Pharmacy education is evolving with technological advances and changing student needs, incorporating digital tools alongside traditional methods. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models like ChatGPT, offers interactive learning and real-time feedback, shifting from passive to active learning. However, there is a notable lack of research-based evidence on ChatGPT’s ... -
Understanding how community pharmacist play a role in self-medication with antibiotics in Kumasi, Ghana.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-15)Background: Non-prescription antibiotic dispensing is a widespread phenomenon observed predominantly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and low-income countries (LICs). This practice is associated with inappropriate sale and usage of antibiotics, contributing significantly to the global challenge of antibiotic resistance. Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate how the pharmacist ... -
Patient selection in target trial emulation using data from Cancer registry of Norway
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-15)Background: Breast cancer is a significant public health challenge with diverse treatment outcomes. This underscores the need for better patient selection in clinical trials to improve representativeness and treatment efficacy. This thesis uses data from the Cancer Registry of Norway (CRN) to assess how modifications to eligibility criteria, as outlined in the PALOMA-II randomized controlled trial, ... -
Retur av legemidler til apotek i Tromsø
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-14)BAKGRUNN: Befolkningsvekst, utvikling av legemidler og helsetjenester, flere eldre og kronisk syke har blant annet ført til økt bruk av legemidler. Som følge av dette øker også mengden legemiddelavfall. Legemidler er avgjørende for mennesker og dyr sin helse, men de utgjør også en bekymring dersom de havner i miljøet. Studier har vist at den finansielle verdien av returnerte legemidler til apotek ... -
Exploring the viability of using liposomes and bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) in interaction studies by calorimetric methods
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2024-05-14)The increasing level of AMR require an increase in new antimicrobial drug candidates. By proving that bEVs are a suitable model for the bacterial membrane, it can be applied to the development of new drug candidates. Potentially making the development of new candidates more efficient and reducing cost. To further examine the potential of bEVs, we isolated bEVs from E. coli, a gram-negative bacteria. ... -
Expression and characterization of recombinant mouse and human DUSP2 protein
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-09-15)Background: This master's thesis focuses on the DUSP2 phosphatase protein. This protein plays a vital role in regulating cellular signaling pathways, including MAPK signaling involving JNK1, p38α, and ERK2. By better understanding DUSP2's physiological role within these pathways, we can gain a deeper understanding of cellular mechanisms, disease mechanisms, and perhaps even pave the way for new drugs ... -
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of biofilm formation in clinical Escherichia Coli isolates from Norwegian hospitals.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-09-15)Biofilm is an extracellular matrix that allows bacteria to attach themselves to surfaces and to each other. Biofilm formation among E. coli causes diseases, and the majority of urinary tract infections (UTI) are caused by biofilm producing E. coli. The biofilm layer among E. coli also play a role in bloodstream infections (BSI). Biofilms adhere to surfaces as indwelling medical devices and increase ... -
Using machine learning methods to predict all-cause somatic hospitalizations in adults: A systematic review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-08-23)<p><i>Aim</i> In this review, we investigated how Machine Learning (ML) was utilized to predict all-cause somatic hospital admissions and readmissions in adults. <p><i>Methods</i> We searched eight databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, ProQuest, OpenGrey, WorldCat, and MedNar) from their inception date to October 2023, and included records that predicted all-cause somatic hospital ... -
Exploring Multimorbidity Patterns in older hospitalized Norwegian patients using Network Analysis modularity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2025-04-28)<p><i>Background</i> Understanding Multimorbidity Patterns (MPs) is crucial for planning healthcare interventions, allocating resources, and improving patients’ outcomes. <p><i>Objective</i> We aim to demonstrate the use of Network Analysis (NA) to explore the MPs in hospitalized Norwegian older patients. <p><i>Methods</i> We utilized data from the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) of all admissions ... -
Tidsbruk i publikumsavdelinger på norske sykehusapotek – en tids- og bevegelsesstudie
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-23)Hensikt - Å kvantifisere tiden som apotekpersonell i publikumsavdelingen på to sykehusapotek brukte på ulike arbeidsoppgaver, hvor disse oppgavene ble utført og hvem de ansatte interagerte med.<p> <p>Materiale og metode - Apotekpersonell ble observert av ekstern observatør i en tids- og bevegelsesstudie. Informasjon om hvilken arbeidsoppgave, hvor og hvem disse oppgavene ble utført med ble ... -
Liposomes in controlled drug delivery: Controlling drug release kinetics and biodistribution/pharmacokinetics
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024-04-12)Controlling the release of liposomally associated drug is expected to directly impact the therapeutic potential of liposomal formulation, both as improved therapeutic efficacy as well as reduced unwanted effects of a drug. To fully control the efficacy of liposomally associated drug, the liposomes need to be able to both control the rate at which the drug is released from liposomal carrier as well ... -
Effect of chemotherapeutic agents on natural transformation frequency in Acinetobacter baylyi
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-10)Natural transformation is the ability of a bacterial cell to take up extracellular DNA which is subsequently available for recombination into the chromosome (or maintenance as an extrachromosomal element). Like other mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer, natural transformation is a significant driver for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. Recent studies have shown that many pharmaceutical ... -
Discovery of thiazostatin D/E using UPLC-HR-MS2-based metabolomics and σ-factor engineering of Actinoplanes sp. SE50/110
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-25)As the natural producer of acarbose, Actinoplanes sp. SE50/110 has high industrial relevance. Like most Actinobacteria, the strain carries several more putative biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) to produce further natural products, which are to be discovered. Applying a metabolomics-guided approach, we tentatively identified five further compounds that are produced by the strain: watasemycin, ...
