Blar i forfatter Artikler, rapporter og annet (farmasi) "Nielsen, Kaare Magne"
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Antibiotikaresistens - kunnskapshull, utfordringer og aktuelle tiltak. Rapport fra tverrsektoriell ekspertgruppe
Steinbakk, Martin; Sunde, Marianne; Urdal, Anne Margrete; Barkbu, Kjersti Nilsen; Sørum, Henning; Lunestad, Bjørn Tore; Bonhorst, Janne Øvrebø; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Lindbæk, Morten; Bjørnholt, Jørgen (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2014) -
Assessing the probability of detection of horizontal gene transfer events in bacterial populations
Townsend, Jeffrey P.; Bøhn, Thomas; Nielsen, Kaare Magne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)Experimental approaches to identify horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events of non-mobile DNA in bacteria have typically relied on detection of the initial transformants or their immediate offspring. However, rare HGT events occurring in large and structured populations are unlikely to be detected in a short time frame. Population genetic modeling of the growth dynamics of bacterial genotypes is ... -
Bacterial diversity in faeces from polar bear (Ursus maritimus) in Arctic Svalbard
Glad, Trine; Brusetti, Lorenzo; Aars, Jon; Bernhardsen, Pål; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Andersen, Magnus; Sundset, Monica Alterskjær (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010)Background Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are major predators in the Arctic marine ecosystem, feeding mainly on seals, and living closely associated with sea ice. Little is known of their gut microbial ecology and the main purpose of this study was to investigate the microbial diversity in faeces of polar bears in Svalbard, Norway (74-81 degrees N, 10-33 degrees E). In addition the level of blaTEM ... -
Controlling Antimicrobial Resistance through Targeted, Vaccine-Induced Replacement of Strains
Tekle, Yonas I.; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Liu, Jingzhou; Pettigrew, Melinda M.; Meyers, Lauren A.; Galvani, Alison P.; Townsend, Jeffrey P. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)Vaccination has proven effective in controlling many infectious diseases. However, differential effectiveness with regard to pathogen genotype is a frequent reason for failures in vaccine development. Often, insufficient immune response is induced to prevent infection by the diversity of existing serotypes present in pathogenic populations of bacteria. These vaccines that target a too narrow spectrum ... -
Gene transfer potential of outer membrane vesicles of Acinetobacter baylyi and effects of stress on vesiculation
Fulsundar, Shweta; Harms, Klaus; Flaten, Gøril Eide; Johnsen, Pål Jarle; Chopade, Balu Ananda; Nielsen, Kaare Magne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014) -
Helse- og miljørisikovurdering av genmodifisert bomullslinje MON 15985 fra Monsanto (EFSA/GMO/UK/2008/57): Uttalelse fra Faggruppe for genmodifiserte organismer i Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet
Berdal, Knut G; Bøhn, Thomas; Clarke, Jihong; Finne, Merethe Aasmo; Holck, Askild Lorentz; Klungland, Helge; Linnestad, Casper; Meadow, Richard; Mikalsen, Arne; Myhr, Anne Ingeborg; Nerland, Audun Helge; Nes, Ingolf; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Sorteberg, Hilde-Gunn Opsahl; Stabbetorp, Odd Egil; Vikse, Rose (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2008-11-28)<i>Hovedbudskap</i>: Mattilsynet og Direktoratet for naturforvalting (DN) ber Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet om å vurdere den genmodifiserte bomullslinjen MON 15985 til import, prosessering, og til bruk i næringsmidler og fôrvarer. Søknaden gjelder ikke dyrking. Monsanto søkte opprinnelig om godkjenning av bomullslinjen i 2005, men søknaden ble trukket og erstattet av vedlagte søknad i 2008. I ... -
Helse- og miljørisikovurdering av genmodifisert mais MON 863 til import, prosessering og fôr under EU-direktiv 2001/18 (Notifikasjon C/DE/02/9). Uttalelse fra Faggruppe for genmodifiserte organismer i Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet
Andreassen, Åshild Kristine; Brandtzæg, Per; Holck, Askild Lorentz; Junttila, Olavi; Konestabo, Heidi Sjursen; Meadow, Richard; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Sorteberg, Hilde-Gunn Opsahl; Vikse, Rose (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2013)<p>I forbindelse med forberedelse til implementering av EU-forordning 1829/2003 i norsk rett har Miljødirektoratet (tidligere Direktoratet for Naturforvalting) bedt Mattilsynet om vurderinger av alle genmodifiserte organismer (GMOer) og avledete produkter som inneholder eller består av GMOer som er godkjent under forordning 1829/2003 eller direktiv 2001/18, og som er godkjent for ett eller flere ... -
Involvement of aph(3')-IIa in the formation of mosaic aminoglycoside resistance genes in natural environments
Woegerbauer, Markus; Kuffner, Melanie; Domingues, Sara; Nielsen, Kaare Magne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-05-19)Intragenic recombination leading to mosaic gene formation is known to alter resistance profiles for particular genes and bacterial species. Few studies have examined to what extent aminoglycoside resistance genes undergo intragenic recombination. We screened the GenBank database for mosaic gene formation in homologs of the aph(3′)-IIa (nptII) gene. APH(3′)-IIa inactivates important aminoglycoside ... -
Retrospective evidence for a biological cost of vancomycin resistance determinants in the absence of glycopeptide selective pressures
Johnsen, Pål jarle; Townsend, JP; Bøhn, Thomas; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; Sundsfjord, arnfinn; Nielsen, Kaare Magne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)To estimate the relative fitness differences between glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium (GREF) and glycopeptide-susceptible E. faecium (GSEF) from yearly surveillance data on the occurrence of GREF in Danish poultry farm environments. A population genetic model was adapted to retrospectively estimate the biological fitness cost of acquired resistance. Maximization of a likelihood function ... -
Risk assessment of insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize 1507 for cultivation, import, processing, food and feed uses under Directive 2001/18/EC (C/ES/01/01, C/NL/00/10) and Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (EFSA/GMO/NL/2004/02, EFSA/GMO/RX/1507). Opinion of the Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety
Meadow, Richard; Asare, Nana Yaa Ohene; Finne, Merethe Aasmo; Junttila, Olavi; Kirkendall, Lawrence R.; Måren, Inger Elisabeth; Yazdankhah, Siamak Pour; Dahl, Knut Helkås; Dalen, Knut Tomas; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Sanden, Monica; Vikse, Rose; Sorteberg, Hilde-Gunn Opsahl (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2017-07-06)The Norwegian Environment Agency (NEA) and the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) requested the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet, VKM) for an opinion of potential risks to biodiversity and agriculture in Norway associated with import of seeds for sowing, and cultivation of insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize ... -
Substitutions of short heterologous DNA segments of intragenomic or extragenomic origins produce clustered genomic polymorphisms
Harms, Klaus; Lunnan, Asbjørn; Hulter, Nils; Mourier, Tobias; Vinner, Lasse; Andam, Cheryl P; Marttinen, Pekka; Fridholm, Helena; Hansen, Anders Johannes; Hanage, William P; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Willerslev, Eske; Johnsen, Pål Jarle (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-12-27)In a screen for unexplained mutation events we identified a previously unrecognized mechanism generating clustered DNA polymorphisms such as microindels and cumulative SNPs. The mechanism, short-patch double illegitimate recombination (SPDIR), facilitates short single-stranded DNA molecules to invade and replace genomic DNA through two joint illegitimate recombination events. SPDIR is controlled by ... -
A Trade-off between the Fitness Cost of Functional Integrases and Long-term stability of Integrons
Starikova, Irina; Harms, Klaus; Haugen, Pål; Lunde, Tracy Munthali; Primicerio, Raul; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Johnsen, Pål Jarle (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays a major role in bacterial microevolution as evident from the rapid emergence and spread of antimicrobial drug resistance. Few studies have however addressed the population dynamics of newly imported genetic elements after HGT. Here, we show that newly acquired class-1 integrons from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Acinetobacter baumannii, free of ... -
Uptake and organ distribution of feed introduced plasmid DNA in growing or pregnant rats
Grønsberg, Idun; Nordgård, Lise; Fenton, Kristin Andreassen; Hegge, Beate; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Bardocz, Susan; Pusztai, Arpad; Traavik, Ingemar Terje (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011) -
Vurdering av publikasjonen: “Long term toxicity of a Roundup herbicide and a Rounduptolerant genetically modified maize” (Séralini et al. (2012), Food Chem Toxicol 50*). Uttalelse fra Faggruppen for genmodifiserte organismer i Vitenskapskomiteen for mattrygghet
Nerland, Audun Helge; Bakke, Anne Marie; Bernhoft, Aksel; Rivedal, Edgar; Torp, Torfinn; Brandtzæg, Per; Holck, Askild Lorentz; Junttila, Olavi; Konestabo, Heidi Sjursen; Meadow, Richard; Mikalsen, Arne; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Sipinen, Ville Erling; Sorteberg, Hilde-Gunn Opsahl; Vikse, Rose; Andreassen, Åshild Kristine (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2012-12-20)Den 19. september 2012 ble det publisert en artikkel i det tyske tidsskriftet «Food and Chemical Toxicology» som vakte oppmerksomhet i store deler av verden. Artikkelen bygger på en toårig fôringsstudie med rotter og konkluderer med en antatt økt hyppighet for ulike svulstdannelser og nyrelidelser blant dyrene knyttet til den genmodifiserte maisen NK603 og plantevernmidlet Roundup som inneholder ...