DNA methylation holds prognostic information in relapsed precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Abstract

<p><i>Background</i>: Few biological markers are associated with survival after relapse of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). In pediatric T-cell ALL, we have identified promoter-associated methylation alterations that correlate with prognosis. Here, the prognostic relevance of CpG island methylation phenotype (CIMP) classification was investigated in pediatric BCP-ALL patients.<p>

<p><i>Methods</i>: Six hundred and one BCP-ALL samples from Nordic pediatric patients (age 1–18) were CIMP classified at initial diagnosis and analyzed in relation to clinical data.<p>

<p><i>Results</i>: Among the 137 patients that later relapsed, patients with a CIMP− profile (<i>n</i> = 42) at initial diagnosis had an inferior overall survival (pOS_5years 33%) compared to CIMP+ patients (<i>n</i> = 95, pOS_5years 65%) (<i>p</i> = 0.001), which remained significant in a Cox proportional hazards model including previously defined risk factors.<p>

<p><i>Conclusion</i>: CIMP classification is a strong candidate for improved risk stratification of relapsed BCP-ALL.<p>