Blar i tittel Mastergradsoppgaver i folkehelsevitenskap
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Can structural indicators explain gender difference in life expectancy (LE) at birth among WHO member countries?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-06)Forskjellen i life expectancy at birth mellom kjønn varierer fra land til land og i de fleste tilfellene så lever kvinner lengre enn menn. Det globale gjennomsnittet er på ca 7% lengre levetid for kvinner enn menn, men man har forskjeller som er helt opp i 23%. Det finnes etablerte hypoteser på hvorfor kvinner lever lengre enn menn og i denne oppgaven vil jeg se på hvordan sosiale og strukturelle ... -
Cervical cancer vaccination for my daughter, no thanks: A research synthesis on parental explained barriers to delayed or non-acceptance of HPV vaccination in high-income (OECD) nations. Parental expressed reasons on why they delay or rejected HPV vaccination for their daughters aged 9-17 within OECD nations between 2008 and 2016
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-04-07)Background: The World Health Organization including high income nations recommends that Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination should be given to young girls as they believe it’s the best available method to reduce cervical cancer morbidity and mortality. HPV vaccination remains lower than anticipated within OECD nations. Through responses, we may understand the main reasons to why parents delayed ... -
Change and predictors of change in fruit and vegetable consumption among Norwegian women: 1996-2005. The NOWAC study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-11)Background: Studies have shown the health benefits of adequate fruit and vegetable consumption with regards to prevention of chronic diseases. Results from the national dietary surveys in Norway show that consumption of fruits and vegetables have been on the increase but the proportion that meets the recommended daily intake is low. The aim of this study was to examine the change and the predictors ... -
Changes in bone mineral density over time in patients with self-reported chronic diseases: The Tromsø Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-08-17)Objective: To examine the total hip (TH) and femoral neck (FN) bone loss in women and men above 50 years of age with self-reported chronic diseases. Methods: Using data from ‘The Tromsø Study’, men and women aged 50-74 years were included in this study. Disease status was identified based on self-reports. Bone mineral density (BMD) of TH and FN were measured using DXA (Dual-energy X-ray ... -
Changing trends in caesarean section births in Murmansk County, Russia
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-03-09)Objective: To analyze changing trends of caesarean section (CS) birth rates in Murmansk County, Russia over a 5- year period (2006-2010) using the Robson 10-group classification system. Design: A registry- based study. Setting: The Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR). Study population: All deliveries registered (N=44 267) in the MCBR between 1st of January 2006 and 31st of December 2010. ... -
Cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer risk in 83 500 Norwegian men and women
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-14)Objective: To investigate the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of developing pancreatic cancer and if the risk differed for male- and female smokers. Methods: For our statistical analysis, using data from the Norwegian Counties Study, Cox proportional hazards model was used to obtain age-adjusted and multivariate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for obtaining risk ... -
Cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer risk in 83500 Norwegian men and women
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-14)Objective: To investigate the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of developing pancreatic cancer and if the risk differed for male- and female smokers. Methods: For our statistical analysis, using data from the Norwegian Counties Study, Cox proportional hazards model was used to obtain age-adjusted and multivariate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for obtaining risk ... -
Classical Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) in Arkhangelsk: Have They Changed over the Years? Comparison of Cross-sectional Studies: Arkhangelsk Study 2000 and Arkhangelsk Part of Know Your Heart Study 2015-17.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)Background: According to the World Health Organization, 31% of all deaths worldwide result from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), mostly in low- and middle-income countries. Even though Russia, an upper-middle income country, still have higher CVD mortality compared to the neighboring countries such as Finland and Norway, it has seen a reduction in CVD mortality since the turn of the millennium. ... -
Coffee as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A literature study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-07-28)Coffee is the most widely drunk beverage around the world, especially within Scandinavia.However, there have been conflicting evidence on the consumption of coffee as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The importance to explore the full effects of coffee related health problems, including brewing methods, is mainly due to the high consumption rate of coffee around the world. In the context ... -
Coffee consumption and risk of first and recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) and all-cause mortality after VTE
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world and it has been reported to be associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a major public health burden, although its association to dietary habits including coffee consumption is still underinvestigated. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the association between daily coffee intake and the risk ... -
A comparative analysis of two cross-sectional surveys of healthcare workers' hand hygiene knowledge, intentions, access and product preferences between two university hospitals, one in Norway and one in Canada
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2008-06-15)Objective: Vancouver General Hospital (VGH) and The University Hospital of Northern Norway in Tromsø (UNN-Tromsø) were compared for self-reported differences in level of knowledge and intentions to comply with the hand hygiene guidelines. Hand hygiene products were also assessed for preference of use, access, gentleness and promotion of hand hygiene compliance. Methods: A cross-sectional quality ... -
Contribution of risk factors to socioeconomic variation in blood pressure : the Tromsø study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-12-03)Abstract Objectives: Examine the degree to which BMI, heart rate, physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking and social participation may account for the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), with main focus on measured SBP continuous variable. Design: Cross-sectional study with data from the Tromsø study 6. Setting: Tromsø Participant: The sample ... -
Current situation of paediatric chronic pain in Switzerland: prevalence and paediatricians’ experiences. A cross-sectional study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-07-10)<p><i>Background:</i> Chronic pain (CP) prevalence in children and adolescents has been increasing over the past decades. The patient-reported prevalence is around 25% depending on the methodology and location of pain. Chronic pain is defined in this study as persisting or recurrent pain that has lasted longer than three months. <p><i>Objectives:</i> To estimate the prevalence of chronic pain in ... -
Dental Anxiety in Northern Norway. Epidemiologic Assessment of Dental Anxiety in the Troms County - the TOHNN-study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-23)Objectives. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of dental anxiety (DA) in the Troms county and to investigate the association of DA and variables of socio-economic status, geographic distribution, gender, dental care habits, and oral health status. Methods. Data from the Tromstannen – Oral health in Northern Norway (TOHNN) study was used. Dental anxiety was assessed with the aid ... -
Dental caries prevention in the Dominican Republic. A cross-sectional study of the application of preventive measures among Dominican dental practitioners in the private sector
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-30)Prevalence of dental caries is still high in developing countries affecting mainly the low-income population. Knowledge of dental caries prevention among dental practitioners is one of the main aspects for the effectiveness in the provision of preventive measures. The purpose of study is to evaluate the application of preventive measures in regards of knowledge and impediments in dental caries ... -
Depression in an adult Norwegian population: prevalence and associated factors in the Tromsø Study 7
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-12-01)Introduction: The burden of depression is considerable worldwide as it is one of the leading causes of disability. People with depression can experience symptoms like loss of interest, feeling sad or depressed, feeling worthless, unnecessary guilt, suicidal thoughts, fatigue, and decreased pleasure. Depression can affect the personal, social, and work life of people as well as may lead to self-harm ... -
Determinants for participation in The Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Programme
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-06-20)Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women worldwide, and the second most important cause of cancer death in developed countries after lung cancer. Early detection with mammographic screening reduces breast cancer mortality. Few studies have investigated factors associated with participation in The Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Programme. Objective: To identify determinants ... -
The diet and high blood selenium concentrations. A study of battery repair workers in the Ashanti region of Ghana.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-04-26)This study is based on an earlier study on the assessment of the bioavailability of inorganic elements among battery repair workers in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, which revealed high blood concentrations of selenium, lead and antimony. Selenium is obtained mainly through the diet in the form of food and dietary supplements. The purpose of this study was to investigate the food patterns of the battery ... -
Difference in FINDRISC score for predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus among Sami and non-Sami, the SAMINOR 1 Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-09-19)Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health problem. Sami people are indigenous people of Norway and have had a transition in lifestyle and diet associated with an increase in obesity and inactivity, which are risk factors to T2DM. Previous studies have revealed higher prevalence of known risk factor to T2DM among the Sami people. Aim: Using a risk assessment tool, the ... -
Do patients assigned to multidisciplinary examination differ from patients assigned to monodisciplinary examination at the University Hospital of Northern Norway? - The Norwegian neck and back registry 2018
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2020-11-30)Background: Back pain is a very common disability. 60-80% of the population in Norway will experience LBP during their life. 30-50% of all people report neck pain during a year. Most back pain has no pathoanatomical diagnosis and is considered a multifactorial condition where biopsychosocial factors influence pain. “Yellow flags” are used in guidelines referring to psychosocial risk-factors for ...