Blar i tittel Mastergradsoppgaver i folkehelsevitenskap
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Effect of telemedicine for patients with chronic kidney disease who perform dialysis at home: a systematic review
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-06-29)Introduction and background: The world’s population is getting older, and the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) rises parallel with age. CKD is a major public health concern, characterised by poor health outcomes and a high economic burden for society as well as for the individual. With an aging population, there is an increasing need to organize healthcare services in alternative ways. ... -
The effects of COVID-19 vaccination strategies on vaccine uptake in the Nordic Countries. A scoping review.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-06-05)1.1 Introduction The declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic in 2020 by WHO helped in organizing efforts against the disease, including the manufacture of numerous vaccines. WHO recommended that all countries should vaccinate over 70% of their citizens. However, vaccination coverage is a goal that faces a lot of challenges, including vaccination hesitancy among others. This scoping review addresses ... -
Effects of psychological and psychosocial interventions for refugees: a systematic review
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-05-30)In this systematic review, I investigated the effect of psychological and psychosocial interventions for refugees. The objective of this master thesis was to look at the effects of psychological and psychosocial intervention on PTSD and/or depression for adult refugees in Europe who suffers from PTSD and/or depression. -
The effects of selected toxic elements on birth weight. The Norwegian Mother and Child contamination cohort study (MISA study)
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-12-31)<p><i>Background - </i>Birth weight is an important indicator for predicting newborn baby’s health. Particular toxic elements: lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) have ability to cross the transplacental barrier and effect the fetal growth and development. These toxic elements exposure during pregnancy have been associated with negative birth outcomes like low birth weight (LBW). ... -
Er det forskjeller i KMI og midjemål mellom personer med ulikt utdanningsnivå? Kan slike mulige ulikheter forklares av forskjeller i kostvaner og/eller nivå av fysisk aktivitet mellom personer med ulikt utdanningsnivå?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-06-15)Bakgrunn: Etter som fedmeprevalensen stiger både nasjonalt og internasjonalt, blir problemer knyttet til overvekt - og fedmeproblematikk stadig mer aktuelle. Fedme er en viktig risikofaktor for utvikling av en rekke sykdommer, som hjerte/kar-sykdommer og diabetes type II. Sosioøkonomiske ulikheter, (i denne sammenheng utdanningslengde), antas å ha en viktig innvirkning på utbredelsen av fedme. Dette ... -
Er det sammenheng mellom høy KMI og smerter hos pasienter med ryggprolaps? En tverrsnittstudie fra Nasjonalt Register for Ryggkirurgi f.o.m. 2007 t.o.m. 2010
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-12-21)Bakgrunn: De siste 30 årene har overvekt og fedme økt jevnt i den norske befolkning. Sykdommer som har økt proporsjonalt med denne utviklingen, er type 2 diabetes, hjerte- og karsykdommer og visse typer kreft samt muskel og skjelettlidelser, også rygglidelser. Både nasjonal og internasjonal forskninger har funnet sammenheng mellom høy KMI (kroppsmasseindeks) og ryggsmerter. Dette fenomenet ... -
The escalating diabetes epidemic: determinants of prevalence disparity between country income groups
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-01)Rationale: Nowadays, diabetes mellitus is continuing to be an increasing international health burden. But greatest increases of this burden are seen particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This thesis attempts to account for the factors associated with the increasing prevalence of diabetes and the disparity in this prevalence across country income groups. Method: An analytic ecological ... -
Etniske forskjeller i risiko for kroniske muskel- og skjelettsmerter blant en befolkning i Nord-Norge: SAMINOR-undersøkelsen
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-08-29)Bakgrunn: Muskel- og skjelettplager er en av de hyppigste årsakene til sykefravær og uføretrygd i Norge. Det finnes lite forskning om muskel- og skjelettsmerter blant urfolk, både internasjonalt og i Arktiske områder. Formål: Se på risiko for kroniske muskel- og skjelettsmerter blant ulike etniske grupper i en Nordnorsk befolkning. Analysere om sosioøkonomiske faktorer kan påvirke til eventuelle ... -
Evaluation of the Norwegian Surveillance System for Infections in Hospital Service (NOIS)
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-05-01)Healthcare-associated infections are a major concern in health care throughout the world, and public health institutions answer to the problem by implementing nationwide surveillance systems. The Norwegian Surveillance System for Infections in Hospital Service (NOIS) was implemented in 2005 to monitor surgical site infections in patients having undergone any one of the most common surgical procedures: ... -
Experiences of stigma amongst HIV-positive people encountering the healthcare system in Scandinavia: a systematic review.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-06-01)Abstract Objective: This systematic review aims to investigate the experiences of HIV-related stigma among people living with HIV in Scandinavia Introduction: Stigma has existed for centuries, with some groups of people being more prone to stigma than others, one example being people living with HIV. HIV-related stigma has existed from the beginning of the epidemic, 1980's, and may still be ... -
Exploring physical activity and dietary choices among adolescents in Troms County, with focus on a potential association between the two health-related behaviors. A cross-sectional study based on Fit Futures - part of The Tromsø Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-07-30)Increased knowledge about physical activity(PA) and dietary choises could be valuable when preventive measures against overweight are planned and carried out. The main aim of the thesis was therefore to explore PA and dietary choises among adolescents in Troms County, furthermore to investigate if there were an association between these two health-related behaviors. The thesis is a cross-sectional ... -
Exploring the gender specific association between use of complementary and alternative medicine and alcohol consumption and injuries caused by drinking. The sixth Tromsø study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-08-25)Background: Previous studies have found that the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is associated with several characteristic, such as female gender, higher education and higher income. However, studies investigating the relationship between alcohol consumption patterns and different CAM approaches have so far been limited. Harmful use of alcohol has detrimental consequences to ... -
Exploring the utilization of healthcare resources in elderly patients with COPD
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-11-28)Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a major health problem worldwide (1) and the prevalence of COPD continues to increase (2, 3). It is a major cause of multimorbidity and mortality in Norway (4) and the healthcare utilization by COPD- patients is expected to increase in the future (5). To effectively allocate healthcare resources, it is necessary to have knowledge about ... -
Factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. A cross-sectional study in Kathmandu District, Nepal
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-09-28)Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV/ AIDS patients in Kathmandu district. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 316 HIV-positive individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy from three ART sites in Kathmandu districts was done from January 2012 to February 2012. The participants were interviewed and answered questions about socio-demographic ... -
Factors influencing unmet needs for family planning among currently married women in Nepal
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-08-01)Background: Family planning is one of the most cost-effective interventions available, but still there exists unmet needs for family planning. Women are said to have unmet needs for family planning if they want to stop or delay child bearing, but are not using any methods of contraception. According to Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2001 data the prevalence of unmet needs in Nepal was ... -
Fett eller muskler - ett fett for beinmassen? : sammenhenger mellom fett- og muskelmasse og beintetthet (BMD), en tverrsnittsstudie basert på befolkningsundersøkelsen Tromsø V
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-06-15)Summary This thesis evaluates how fat body mass (FBM) and lean body mass (LBM) influence bone mineral density (BMD) in total body, weight bearing and non-weight bearing parts of the skeleton. It is a cross-sectional study based on absorptiometry data from a large population based study (Tromsø V). The project involved an initial quality control of the data, and includes data from 1354 men and women ... -
Folkehelseperspektivet i kommunalt arbeid med bærekraftmålene – En komparativ case-studie av styringsdokumenter i to norske kommuner
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-06-14)FNs bærekraftmål representerer en ny milepæl i det globale arbeidet med bærekraftig utvikling, og kommunene og fylkeskommunene er utpekt til nøkkelaktører for å realisere bærekraftmålene og en bærekraftig samfunnsutvikling i Norge. Flere studier viser imidlertid at begreper både relatert til folkehelse og bærekraft kan oppleves utfordrende å implementere og operasjonalisere i lokalt planverk når det ... -
Forholdet mellom fysisk aktivitet og psykiske plager hos ungdomsskoleelever i Tromsø kommune. Resultater fra Ungdata
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2023-05-30)Økte psykiske plager hos ungdom over hele verden, samtidig med at mange ungdommer ikke oppfyller anbefalingene til helsemyndighetene. Forholdet mellom fysisk aktivitet og psykiske plager er ikke statistisk signifikant. Det er observert flere steder kjønnsforskjeller. -
The frailty phenotype as a predictor of all-cause mortality in community-living individuals aged 65 years and older: The Tromsø Study 2001-2015.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)Background: In the light of an aging population, risk factors for adverse outcomes in the elderly constitute an important field of research. Frailty is an age-related syndrome of increased vulnerability to stressors due to declines in several physiologic systems. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of frailty and to investigate its ability to predict all- cause mortality in a Norwegian ... -
Fysisk aktivitet og helserelatert livskvalitet. Hvilke sammenhenger er det mellom ulike former for fysisk aktivitet og ulike mål for helserelatert livskvalitet i Tromsø VI?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-12-09)Bakgrunn: Det finnes i dag mye dokumentasjon på de positive effektene av fysisk aktivitet for helse og forventet levealder. Helserelatert livskvalitet (Health Related Quality Of Life, HRQOL) er et begrep som får stadig mer annerkjennelse som et viktig bidrag for god forståelse av en populasjons helse. Likevel finnes det kun et noe begrenset materiale for sammenhengen mellom fysisk aktivitet og HRQOL. ...