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norskMastergradsoppgaver i folkehelsevitenskap: Recent submissions
Now showing items 81-100 of 198
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Antibiotic resistance in healthcare settings. Prevalence and levels of tet(M) resistance gene in saliva of dental students
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-15)Rationale: Antibiotic resistance compromises achievements of modern medicine and is a major threat to the society. The oral cavity has the distinct microbial community that serves as a reservoir for determinants of antibiotic resistance. Tet(M) gene is abundant in bacteria residing in the oral cavity and is often identified in oral specimens. Absolute quantification of resistance genes copies allows ... -
Dental Anxiety in Northern Norway. Epidemiologic Assessment of Dental Anxiety in the Troms County - the TOHNN-study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-23)Objectives. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of dental anxiety (DA) in the Troms county and to investigate the association of DA and variables of socio-economic status, geographic distribution, gender, dental care habits, and oral health status. Methods. Data from the Tromstannen – Oral health in Northern Norway (TOHNN) study was used. Dental anxiety was assessed with the aid ... -
Iron stores and hemoglobin are negatively related with carotid atherosclerosis: the Tromsø Study. A cross-sectional study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-19)Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Iron has been suggested to have role in CVD though, epidemiological findings have been conflicting. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of body iron in carotid atherosclerosis in a population-based survey. Further, we wanted to analyze the prevalence of carotid plaques ... -
Self-assessment of the outcome of first trimester medical abortion compared to routine clinic follow-up: A systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)Background: Home self-administration of misoprostol for medical abortion has been suggested as safe, efficient, feasible and acceptable. However, it remains inaccessible for many women especially in low-resource settings. Administration of misoprostol at home and self-assessment by urine pregnancy tests (UPTs) to confirm complete termination of pregnancy with follow-up by home visits or telephone ... -
Sammenheng mellom anemi og fall blant hjemmeboende kvinner og menn 65 år og eldre: Den femte Tromsøundersøkelsen 2001-2002. En replikasjonsstudie.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-07)Falls among elderly is associated with major health costs as well as adverse outcomes for the person falling. The reasons for falls needs to be clarified in order to be able to prevent. Previous studies have shown anemia to be associated with increased risk of falling, but the results are not consistent. In this study the association of anemia and falls is investigated, but no association is found, ... -
Effect of group psychoeducation for major depressive disorder: a systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-04-16)Background: Depression is a common mental disorder and a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. Healthcare systems struggle to provide effective and acceptable treatment to meet the needs of the growing number of patients suffering from depression. Although there are some known, effective medical treatments for depression, far from all of those affected receive such treatments, ... -
Parental exposure and risk factors for leukemia in offspring. A systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-12-11)Objective: The purpose of this thesis is to identify and investigate risk factors associated with childhood leukemia, formulated by the research question: Which risk factors are associated with parental exposure and childhood leukemia in the offspring? Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in three databases Embase, Medline and Cochrane. The articles found were selected and included ... -
Self-reported oral health. A cross sectional study in the municipalities with mixed Sami and Norwegian population in Northern and Mid-Norway.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-05-30)Background: Detailed data on oral health in the adult population in Northern Norway has been lacking. A number of national studies have reported a north-south gradient in oral health in Norway. Various governmental reports stated that oral health was poorer in Northern Norway, specifically in the municipalities where the proportion of the Sami-population is large. However, no scientific proof of ... -
Aspects of self-reported oral health among adults in selected municipalities in Northern- and Mid-Norway. A cross - sectional study. Based on material from the SAMINOR-2 study.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-07-02)Abstract Background: Dental caries and periodontitis are the pathological conditions of oral cavity having a high prevalence. Caries of permanent teeth and periodontitis have been defined as the first and the sixth most prevalent pathological conditions in the world in 2010, with a global prevalence 35% and 11%, respectively. Such severity leads to deterioration of life quality, causes medical ... -
Predictors for successful quitting among more than 4000 smokers using SMS or internet-based programs
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-06-27)Background: The prevalence of daily smoking in Norway has decreased over the years among both men and women like in other developed countries. However, smoking remains one of the world’s leading causes of preventable deaths. A web-based smoking cessation service is one of the aids for quitting smoking. The Directorate of Health opened the website, www.slutta.no to the Norwegian public as part of the ... -
The frailty phenotype as a predictor of all-cause mortality in community-living individuals aged 65 years and older: The Tromsø Study 2001-2015.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)Background: In the light of an aging population, risk factors for adverse outcomes in the elderly constitute an important field of research. Frailty is an age-related syndrome of increased vulnerability to stressors due to declines in several physiologic systems. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of frailty and to investigate its ability to predict all- cause mortality in a Norwegian ... -
Personer med funksjonsnedsettelser og livskvalitet, tilfredshet med livet og fremtidstro
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-13)Bakgrunn: Forskning på personer med funksjonsnedsettelser er et lite berørt område. En rekke indikatorer på levekår er lite belyst hos personer med funksjonsnedsettelser, og tidligere forskning tyder på at personer med funksjonsnedsettelser scorer lavere på noen levekårsfaktorer enn funksjonsfriske. Formål: Formålet med studien er å beskrive og sammenlikne livskvalitet, tilfredshet med ... -
Age at menarche. The reproducibility of self-reported menarcheal age and the association between age at menarche and total- and cardiovascular mortality - The Tromsø Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-03-22)Background: The possible relationships between age at menarche and total as well as cardiovascular mortality has been investigated, but has not been established. Aim: The first aim was to investigate the reproducibility of self-reported menarcheal age from 1986-1987 (Tromsø 3) to 1994-1995 (Tromsø 4). The second aim was to examine the association between age at menarche and cardiovascular- or ... -
Barriers to access to healthcare services by immigrants population in Scandinavia. A systematic scoping review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-12-26)Background: A universal coverage characterises Scandinavian healthcare systems. The system is financed through taxation. Immigrants with legal residence in Norway, Sweden or Denmark are entitled to the same health coverage as the native population. However, research has shown that despite legal residency, immigrants’ utilization of regular healthcare services is low compared to the native population, ... -
The association between sugar sweetened or carbonated beverages and bone mineral density in adolescents taking part in the Fit Futures Study.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-12-31)In the prevention strategies for osteoporosis attention has been directed towards the acquisition of peak bone mass and early life experiences during the adolescent growth period. High consumption of soft drinks during adolescence is believed to influence bone mineral accrual and increase fracture risk later in life. The aim of this study is to investigate if moderate or high consumption of sugar ... -
Mapping the EORTC QLQ-C30 to four preference-based measures (EQ-5D, SF-6D, 15D and HUI3).
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-01-08)Background: Cost utility analysis evaluates health care interventions in terms of their cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The EQ-5D, SF-6D, 15D and HUI3 are the most common health state utility (HSU) instruments used to put the ‘quality adjustment weight’ into the QALY. However, HSU instruments are not always available or appropriate for every health conditions. For measuring the ... -
Saturated fatty acid intakes and the risk of myocardial infarction in women. A prospective cohort study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-23)Some recent researches about relationships between dietary fat and the risk of cardiovascular disease revealed contrasting results with the lipid hypothesis. The primary object of this study was to explore the risk of non-fatal (self-reported) myocardial infarction in relation to saturated fat consumption. We used food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to measure saturated fat intake -
The association between whole blood mercury and the risk of developing CVD among the Greenlandic population
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)Introduction: The World Health Organization, estimated that 17.5 million people died from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in 2012 alone, accounting for 30% of global deaths and serving as the number one cause of death globally. Environmental pollutants, such as heavy metals (e.g. mercury) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) (e.g. polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), may contribute to the burden of ... -
Cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer risk in 83 500 Norwegian men and women
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-14)Objective: To investigate the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of developing pancreatic cancer and if the risk differed for male- and female smokers. Methods: For our statistical analysis, using data from the Norwegian Counties Study, Cox proportional hazards model was used to obtain age-adjusted and multivariate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for obtaining risk ... -
Cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer risk in 83500 Norwegian men and women
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-14)Objective: To investigate the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of developing pancreatic cancer and if the risk differed for male- and female smokers. Methods: For our statistical analysis, using data from the Norwegian Counties Study, Cox proportional hazards model was used to obtain age-adjusted and multivariate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for obtaining risk ...
