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norskBlar i tittel Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet
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Evidence for a direct harmful effect of alcohol on myocardial health: A large cross-sectional study of consumption patterns and cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers from northwest Russia, 2015 to 2017
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-12-18)<i>Background</i> - Alcohol drinking is an increasingly recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, there are few studies of the impact of harmful and hazardous drinking on biomarkers of myocardial health. We conducted a study in Russia to investigate the impact of heavy drinking on biomarkers of cardiac damage and inflammation.<p><p> <i>Methods and Results</i> - The Know Your ... -
Evidence for association of Vibrio echinoideorum with tissue necrosis on test of the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-22)“Sea urchin lesion syndrome” is known as sea urchin disease with the progressive development of necrotic epidermal tissue and loss of external organs, including appendages on the outer body surface. Recently, a novel strain, Vibrio echinoideorum has been isolated from the lesion of green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis), an economically important mariculture species in Norway. V. ... -
Evidence for Cognitive Placebo and Nocebo Effects in Healthy Individuals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-28)Inactive interventions can have significant effects on cognitive performance. Understanding the generation of these cognitive placebo/nocebo effects is crucial for evaluating the cognitive impacts of interventional methods, such as non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS). We report both cognitive placebo and nocebo effects on reward-based learning performance induced using an active sham NIBS protocol, ... -
Evidence for limited adaptive responsiveness to large-scale spatial variation of habitat quality
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-24)The ability of organisms to adapt their foraging behaviour to spatial variations in food availability and habitat quality is crucial to maximize energy intake and hence fitness. Under ideal conditions, habitat selection should result in a spatial distribution of individuals such that their fitness (energy reserves or condition) is roughly equal across habitats of varying quality. Using 11 yr of field ... -
Evidence of validity for the Norwegian version of the interprofessional collaborative competency attainment survey (ICCAS)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-08-02)This was a validation study of the Norwegian version of The Interprofessional Collaborative Competency Attainment Survey (ICCAS). ICCAS consists of 20 retrospective pre- and post-questions, where respondents rate their agreement with regard to self-assessed competencies after participating in interprofessional education courses. It has been validated across various settings. The questionnaire was ... -
Evidence synthesis of Chinese medicine for monkeypox: Suggestions from other contagious pox-like viral diseases
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-13)Background: Monkeypox, a zoonotic disease caused by an Orthopoxvirus, presents an etiology similar to smallpox in humans. Currently, there are no licensed treatments for human monkeypox, so clear and urgent research on its prophylaxis and treatment is needed.<p> <p>Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the evidence of Chinese medicine for contagious pox-like viral diseases and provide ... -
Evidence-based bruk av antihistaminer ved allergisk rhinitt
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-09-15)Denne artikkel er et studie basert på evidence-based litteratur om behandlingen av allergisk rhinitt (AR). Fokuset rettes mot bruken av antihistaminer og hvilke som ses mest kostnadseffektive. Jeg fant ut at guidelines anbefaler andregenerasjons -antihistaminer fremfor førstegenerasjons-antihistaminer. Nasale steroider ses imidlertid å være den mest effektive behandlingen ved AR. Til sammen utgjør ... -
The Evidence-based Practice Attitude Scale- 36 (EBPAS-36): a brief and pragmatic measure of attitudes to evidence-based practice validated in US and Norwegian samples
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017)Background: Short and valid instruments for measuring factors facilitating or hindering implementation efforts are called for. This article describes (1) the adaptation of a shorter version of the Evidence-based Practice Attitude Scale (EBPAS-50 items), and (2) the psychometric properties of the shortened version in both US and Norwegian data. <p> Methods: The US participants were mental health ... -
Evidensbasert praksis : snublestein i arbeidet for bedre kvalitet i helsetjenesten?
(Book; Bok, 2002)I løpet av de siste 10 årene har ”evidensbasert praksis” vokst fram som et begrep innen de fleste helsefagene. Argumentet for etableringen av dette begrepet, fulgt av et omfattende evidensbasert kunnskapssystem - The Cochrane Collaboration and Library - er at medisinsk og helsefaglig praksis i størst mulig grad må bygge på ”sikker” kunnskap. Det vil si kunnskap utviklet gjennom faktaorientert ... -
Evolusjon, rasebiologi og menneskeverd. Medisinens ubekvemme historie.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2015-07) -
The Evolution of the Exponent of Zipf's Law in Language Ontogeny
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)It is well-known that word frequencies arrange themselves according to Zipf’s law. However, little is known about the dependency of the parameters of the law and the complexity of a communication system. Many models of the evolution of language assume that the exponent of the law remains constant as the complexity of a communication systems increases. Using longitudinal studies of child language, ... -
Evolutionary and functional history of the Escherichia coli K1 capsule
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-15)Escherichia coli is a leading cause of invasive bacterial infections in humans. Capsule polysaccharide has an important role in bacterial pathogenesis, and the K1 capsule has been firmly established as one of the most potent capsule types in E. coli through its association with severe infections. However, little is known about its distribution, evolution and functions across the E. coli phylogeny, ... -
Evolutionary genomics of cowpox virus and recombination in vitro between a naturally occurring cowpox virus and a vaccinia virus vectored influenza vaccine
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-06-02)Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is a promising orthopoxvirus (OPXV) vector vaccine candidate due to its host range restriction and good safety profile as a smallpox vaccine. It has been widely tested in clinical trials as a recombinant vector for vaccination against infectious diseases and cancers in humans and animals. Furthermore, it is being used as a smallpox and Mpox vaccine. However, the ... -
Evolutionary Instability of Collateral Susceptibility Networks in Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Clinical Escherichia coli Strains
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-07)ABSTRACT Collateral sensitivity and resistance occur when resistance development toward one antimicrobial either potentiates or deteriorates the effect of others. Previous reports on collateral effects on susceptibility focus on newly acquired resistance determinants and propose that novel treatment guidelines informed by collateral networks may reduce the evolution, selection, and spread of ... -
An evolutionary preserved intergenic spacer in gadiform mitogenomes generates a long noncoding RNA
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-08-22) -
Evolutionary redesign of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) Toll-like receptor repertoire by gene losses and expansions
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016)Genome sequencing of the teleost Atlantic cod demonstrated loss of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II, an extreme gene expansion of MHC class I and gene expansions and losses in the innate pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family of Toll-like receptors (TLR). In a comparative genomic setting, using an improved version of the genome, we characterize PRRs in Atlantic cod with emphasis ... -
Examination of the double burden hypothesis—a systematic review of work–family conflict and sickness absence
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-01)Background: Women consistently have higher sickness absence than men. The double-burden hypothesis suggests this is due to higher work–family burden in women than men. The current study aimed to systematically review prospective studies of work–family conflict and subsequent sickness absence. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the electronic databases Medline, PsycINFO, and Embase with ... -
An examination of the language construct in NIMH's research domain criteria: Time for reconceptualization!
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-10)The National Institute of Mental Health’s Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Initiative “calls for the development of new ways of classifying psychopathology based on dimensions of observable behavior.” As aresult of this ambitious initiative, language has been identifi d as an independent construct in the RDoC matrix. In this article, we frame language within an evolutionary and neuro- ... -
Examining paraphilia and emotional regulation with Norwegian speaking adults
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-12-13)Exploration of paraphilia has become an interesting topic for researchers the latest years. Norway lacks sufficient research on paraphilia. Current literature has shown distinct sex differences with men reporting more interest in paraphilia than women. Emotional regulation is suggested from research as a plausible psychological factor that could affect paraphilia. We started a collaboration with ... -
Examining Procrastination across Multiple Goal Stages: A Longitudinal Study of Temporal Motivation Theory
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-03)Procrastination is among the most common of motivational failures, putting off despite expecting to be worse off. We examine this dynamic phenomenon in a detailed and realistic longitudinal design (Study 1) as well as in a large correlational data set (N = 7400; Study 2). The results are largely consistent with temporal motivation theory. People’s pacing style reflects a hyperbolic curve, with the ...
