Den «offisielle» etikken til Kant, slik den presenteres i de etiske hovedverkene fra den kritiske og sen-kritiske perioden, er universalistisk og upartisk. Universalistisk vil si at alle mennesker er inkluderte i det moralske fellesskapet, mens upartisk betyr at etikken gjelder uavhengig av blant annet kjønnsmessige og etniske skillelinjer. I flere førkritiske verk, samt i Antropologiforelesningene, ...

This work explores the philosophical and legal justifications for punishment, with a special focus on the Italian criminal system and the contradiction between its constitutional emphasis on rehabilitation and the harsh realities of its prisons. It first compares retributivist and consequentialist theories, and argues that rehabilitation offers a stronger ethical foundation for punishment than ...

The creation of this systematic bibliography of postcolonial and decolonial texts was supported generously by the department for gender equality and diversity (Likestillings- og mangfoldsutvalget) at UiT The Arctic University of Norway in 2020. The overarching project aimed at analyzing power relations in the classroom of a university in Sápmi. The bibliography provides a rough chronological overview ...

Hva er den moderne teknikkens status? Beriker den våre liv eller frarøver den vår tilværelse mening? Med utgangspunkt i konfliktlinjen mellom den klassiske teknikkfilosofien og den empiriske vendingen forsvarer herværende oppgave en forståelse av den moderne teknikken som bejaer den moderne teknikken som meningsskapende. Jeg søker å ivareta den klassiske teknikkfilosofiens enhetlige og historiske ...

This thesis investigates the phenomenon of pluralistic ignorance, clears up some conceptual confusion regarding its definition, and explores ethical problems connected to it. A primary contribution lies in the development of an agent-based computer simulation of pluralistic ignorance. Observations of this simulation lead to tentative recommendations about how to deal with pluralistic ignorance in ...

Consequentialism is often criticized as being overly demanding, and this overdemandingness is seen as sufficient to reject it as a moral theory. This paper takes the plausibility and coherence of this objection—the Demandingness Objection—as a given. Our question, therefore, is how to respond to the Objection. We put forward a response relying on the framework of institutional consequentialism we ...

A core principle of medical ethics states that patients should be allowed to determine whether they wish to accept or refuse treatment, if they possess the relevant decision making capacity at the time treatment decisions need to be made. In cases where patients lack capacity to make decisions regarding their own treatment, substitute decision makers must make such decisions for them. This chapter ...

Im Folgenden möchte ich die Hauptthese des Buches, „dass das sinnvolle Leben am intuitiv plausibelsten durch eine Theorie beschrieben werden kann, die sich als ‚deontologischer Objektivismus‘ bezeichnen lässt“ (P 1-2), kritisch beleuchten. Vor allem drei Fragen sollen meine Diskussion leiten: Was genau beinhaltet der von Markus Rüther vorgeschlagene „deontologische Objektivismus“? Kann er überzeugen? ...

Truth and Reconciliation Commissions (TRCs) have become a widely used tool to reconcile societies in the aftermath of widespread injustice or social and political conflict in a state. This article focuses on TRCs that take place in non-transitional societies in which the political and social structures, institutions, and power relations have largely remained in place since the time of injustice. ...

Epistemic injustice groups together different phenomena that inhibit us from accessing or producing knowledge due to prejudices about certain groups. Epistemic injustice describes situations in which speakers’ knowledge is falsely discredited due to their group membership. It can also describe the lack of concepts for describing experiences, and the connected knowledge, of marginalised groups as ...