Institutt for psykologi: Recent submissions

Now showing items 281-300 of 883

    • A creative destruction approach to replication: Implicit work and sex morality across cultures 

      Tierney, Warren; Hardy III, Jay; Ebersole, Charles R; Viganola, Domenico; Clemente, Elena Giulia; Gordon, Michael; Hoogeveen, Suzanne; Haaf, Julila; Dreber, Anna; Johannesson, Magnus; Pfeiffer, Thomas; Huang, Jason L.; Vaughn, Ann; DeMarree, Kenneth; Igou, Eric R.; Chapman, Hanah; Gantman, Ana; Pfuhl, Gerit; Uhlmann, Eric Luis (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-03)
      How can we maximize what is learned from a replication study? In the creative destruction approach to replication, the original hypothesis is compared not only to the null hypothesis, but also to predictions derived from multiple alternative theoretical accounts of the phenomenon. To this end, new populations and measures are included in the design in addition to the original ones, to help determine ...

    • What are we optimizing for in autism screening? Examination of algorithmic changes in the M‐CHAT 

      Schjølberg, Synnve; Shic, Frederick; Volkmar, Fred R.; Nordahl-Hansen, Anders; Stenberg, Nina; Torske, Tonje; Larsen, Kenneth; Riley, Katherine; Sukhodolsky, Denis G.; Leckman, James F.; Chawarska, Katarzyna; Øien, Roald A (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-26)
      The present study objectives were to examine the performance of the new M-CHAT-R algorithm to the original M-CHAT algorithm. The main purpose was to examine if the algorithmic changes increase identification of children later diagnosed with ASD, and to examine if there is a trade-off when changing algorithms. We included 54,463 screened cases from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. ...

    • Children’s Well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: Relationships with attitudes, family structure, and mothers’ Well-being 

      Martiny, Sarah E.; Thorsteinsen, Kjærsti; Parks-Stamm, Elizabeth J.; Olsen, Marte; Kvalø, Marie (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-07)
      COVID-19 triggered social restrictions worldwide including the shutdown of schools. Whereas research has documented the negative effects on parents’ well-being, less is known about children’s well-being during the pandemic. We investigated the well-being, emotions, and COVID-19-related attitudes of 87 Norwegian elementary children (42 boys, 45 girls; M<sub>age</sub> = 9.66 years, SD = 1.77) and their ...

    • Higher cognitive reserve is associated with better working memory performance and working-memory-related p300 modulation 

      Gutiérrez-Zamora Velasco, Gabriela; Fernández, Thalía; Silva-Pereyra, Juan; Reynoso-Alcántara, Vicenta; Castro Chavira, Susana Angelica (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-01)
      This study aims to examine how two levels of cognitive reserve, as evidenced by reading syntactic skill, modify performance and neural activity in a two-load-level (high vs. low) working memory (WM) task. Two groups of participants with different reading skills, high and low, were obtained from clustering analysis. We collected the P300 event-related potential component during the performance ...

    • Prior Prognostic Expectations as a Potential Predictor in Neurofeedback Training. 

      Damanskyy, Yevhen; Olsen, Alexander; Hollup, Stig Arvid (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-29)
      The present study evaluated whether subjects’ expectations and neurofeedback training performance predict neurofeedback efficacy in cognitive training by controlling both factors as statistical variables. Twenty-two psychology students underwent neurofeedback training, employing beta/theta protocol to enhance beta1 power (13–21 Hz) and suppress theta (4–7 Hz) power. Neurofeedback efficacy was evaluated ...

    • Evaluation of error production in animal fluency and its relationship to frontal tracts in normal aging and mild Alzheimer's disease: A combined LDA and time-course analysis investigation 

      Itaguchi, Yoshihiro; Castro Chavira, Susana Angelica; Waterloo, Knut; Johnsen, Stein Harald; Rodríguez-Aranda, Claudia (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-12)
      Semantic verbal fluency (VF), assessed by animal category, is a task widely used for early detection of dementia. A feature not regularly assessed is the occurrence of errors such as perseverations and intrusions. So far, no investigation has analyzed the how and when of error occurrence during semantic VF in aging populations, together with their possible neural correlates. The present study aims ...

    • Introduction to the special issue: Homeostatic vs. Hedonic feeding. 

      McCutcheon, James Edgar; Williams, Diana (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-01)

    • To which world regions does the valence–dominance model of social perception apply? 

      Jones, Benedict C.; DeBruine, Lisa M.; Flake, Jessica K.; Liuzza, Marco Tullio; Antfolk, Jan; Arinze, Nwadiogo C.; Schei, Vidar; Sverdrup, Therese E.; Pfuhl, Gerit; Nielsen, Tonje Kvande; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Zickfeld, Janis Heinrich; Bloxso, Nicholas G.; Foroni, Francesco; Cubilla, Carmelo P.; Turiegano, Enrique; Gilead, Michael; Saribay, S. Adil; Owsley, Nicholas C.; Calvillo, Dustin P.; Wlodarczyk, Anna; Qi, Yue; Ariyabuddhiphongs , Kris; Stolier, Ryan M.; Evans, Thomas R.; Bonick, Judson; Ashworth, Logan F.; Chevalier, Coralie; Kapucu, Aycan; Leongómez, Juan David; Hajdu, Nandor; Aczel, Balazs; Andreychik, Michael; Musser, Erica D.; Batres, Carlota; Hu, Chuan-Peng; Liu, Qing-Lan; Legate, Nicole; Vaughn, Leigh Ann; Barzykowski, Krystian; Schmid, Irina; Artner, Richard; Vanpaemel, Wolf; Jiang, Zhongqing; Marcu, Gabriela M.; Stephen, Ian D.; Lu, Jackson G.; Philipp, Michael C.; Arnal, Jack D.; Chopik, William J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-04)
      Over the past 10 years, Oosterhof and Todorov’s valence–dominance model has emerged as the most prominent account of how people evaluate faces on social dimensions. In this model, two dimensions (valence and dominance) underpin social judgements of faces. Because this model has primarily been developed and tested in Western regions, it is unclear whether these findings apply to other regions. We ...

    • Covid-19 pandemic lessons: uncritical communication of test results can induce more harm than benefit and raises questions on standardized quality criteria for communication and liability 

      Porzsolt, Franz; Pfuhl, Gerit; Kaplan, Robert M; Eisemann, Martin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-21)
      Background - The COVID-19 pandemic is characterized by both health and economic risks. A ‘safety loop’ model postulates risk-related decisions are not based on objective and measurable risks but on the subjective perception of those risks. We here illustrate a quantification of the difference between objective and subjective risks.<p> <p>Method - The objective risks (or chances) can be obtained ...

    • Aberrant salience predicts fluctuations of paranoia two weeks in advance during a 1-year experience sampling method study in people with psychosis 

      Luedtke, Thies; Moritz, Steffen; Westermann, Stefan; Pfuhl, Gerit (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-03)
      The Experience Sampling Method (ESM) has improved our understanding of psychosis considerably (Myin-Germeys et al., 2018). Not only has ESM shed light on the moment-to-moment variability of psychotic symptoms, it has equally helped to identify micro-level precursor variables that forecast symptom exacerbations a couple of hours in advance. Among others, established ESM-derived precursors are negative ...

    • Low pain tolerance is associated with coronary angiography, coronary artery disease, and mortality: The TROMSO study 

      Fladseth, Kristina; Lindekleiv, Haakon; Nielsen, Christopher Sivert; Øhrn, Andrea; Kristensen, Andreas; Mannsverk, Jan Torbjørn; Løchen, Maja-Lisa; Njølstad, Inger; Wilsgaard, Tom; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Stubhaug, Audun; Trovik, Thor; Rotevatn, Svein; Forsdahl, Signe Helene; Schirmer, Henrik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-03)
      BACKGROUND: The initial presentation to coronary angiography and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) vary greatly among patients, from ischemia with no obstructive CAD to myocardial infarction with 3-vessel disease. Pain tolerance has been suggested as a potential mechanism for the variation in presentation of CAD. We aimed to investigate the association between pain tolerance, coronary ...

    • Does the Stereotypicality of Mothers’ Occupation Influence Children’s Communal Occupational Aspirations and Communal Orientation? 

      Kvalø, Marie; Marte, Olsen; Thorsteinsen, Kjærsti; Olsson, Maria; Martiny, Sarah E. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-16)
      Career development is a lifelong process that starts in infancy and is shaped by a number of different factors during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Even though career development is shaped through life, relatively little is known about the predictors of occupational aspirations in childhood. Therefore, in the present work we investigate how the stereotypicality of a mother’s occupation ...

    • Dysleksi: Tidlige risikomarkører for dysleksi 

      Riise, Sølvi Grønning (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-12-15)
      The purpose of this master's thesis was to investigate whether or not students who were identified with poor literacy skills at 3rd grade, displayed poor literacy skills at the start of 1st grade and in 2nd grade. The theoretical framework for the master's thesis is the prevailing etiological model for dyslexia, namely the Multiple Deficit Model (MDM). It suggests that dyslexia (and other developmental ...

    • Relaxation techniques as an intervention for chronic pain: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials 

      Vambheim, Sara Magelssen; Kyllo, Tonje; Hegland, Sanne; Bystad, Martin Kragnes (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-20)
      Chronic pain increases the risk of sleep disturbances, depression and disability. Even though medical treatments have limited value, the use of prescription-based analgesics have increased over the recent years. It is therefore important to evaluate the effect of non-pharmacological treatments. A systematic search for studies evaluating the effect of relaxation techniques on chronic pain was ...

    • Study Habits and Procrastination: The Role of Academic Self-Efficacy 

      Svartdal, Frode; Sæle, Rannveig Grøm; Dahl, Tove I.; Nemtcan, Efim; Gamst-Klaussen, Thor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-03)
      Inefficient study skills increase the probability that study work is perceived as difficult and aversive, with procrastination as a likely result. As a remedy, more effective study skills and habits may be encouraged. However, research indicates that good study skills and habits may not by themselves be sufficient to remedy problems, as this relationship may be mediated by efficacy beliefs related ...

    • Protein Appetite Drives Macronutrient-Related Differences in Ventral Tegmental Area Neural Activity 

      Chiacchierini, Giulia; Naneix, Fabien; Peters, Kate Z; Aspergis-Schoute, John; Snoeren, Eelke; McCutcheon, James Edgar (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-09)
      Control of protein intake is essential for numerous biological processes as several amino acids cannot be synthesized de novo, however, its neurobiological substrates are still poorly understood. In the present study, we combined in vivo fiber photometry with nutrient-conditioned flavor in a rat model of protein appetite to record neuronal activity in the VTA, a central brain region for the control ...

    • Assessing a Sensory-Motor-Cognition Triad in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment With Dichotic Listening While Walking: A Dual-Task Paradigm 

      Gorecka, Marta Maria; Vasylenko, Olena; Waterloo, Knut; Rodriguez-Aranda, Claudia (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-12)
      A contemporary topic in aging research relates to the significance of cognitive changes proper to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to higher risk of falls and gait deteriorations. The present study addresses this question in the amnestic type of MCI (aMCI) by examining a triad of interrelated comorbidities occurring in the MCI condition: attentional impairments, hearing loss and gait disturbances. ...

    • The Effects of Virtual Reality on Procedural Pain and Anxiety in Pediatrics 

      Nordgård, Rikke (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-12-15)
      Distraction and procedural preparation techniques are frequently used to manage pain and anxiety in children undergoing medical procedures. An increasing number of studies have indicated that Virtual Reality (VR) can be used to deliver these interventions, but treatment effects vary greatly. The present study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that have used VR to reduce procedural ...

    • Læring av erfaring med snøskredulykke 

      Andersen, Mitra Hofgaard; Bjerkan, Stine Angelica; Jenssen, Jan Petter (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-12-15)
      Det sies at vi best lærer av våre feil. Hvis man ved høyrisikoaktiviteter som skikjøring i skredterreng lærer best ved å faktisk oppleve en ulykke vil det kunne få alvorlige konsekvenser. Likevel viste studie til Mannberg, Hetland og Pfuhl (2020) at 38% av de som har opplevd snøskredulykke blir tatt gjentatte ganger. Hva lærer vi etter en snøskredulykke? Denne studien hadde fire forskningsspørsmål: ...

    • Sammenligning av TFCBT og BMOI for voksne som lider av PTSD og som har opplevd mishandling i barndommen: en litteraturstudiet 

      Lange, Marianne Horsberg (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-12-15)
      For å vurdere og sammenligne traumefokusert kognitiv atferdsterapi (TFCBT) og kropps- og bevegelsesspesifikke intervensjoner (BMOI) for traumatiserte voksne med PTSD og som var blitt misbrukt i barndommen, ble det gjennomført en systematisk litteraturgjennomgang. To databaser (Pubmed og Psycinfo) ble søkt ved bruk av nøkkelord som PTSD, mishandling i barndommen og TFCBT- eller BMOI-behandlinger. ...