Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak): Recent submissions

Now showing items 601-620 of 723

    • Acute heart failure syndromes : treatment, outcomes and pathophysiological aspects of inflammation and vascular function 

      Hermansen, Stig Eggen (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-11-01)
      Akutt hjertesvikt, spesielt ved sirkulatorisk kollaps, er en dramatisk tilstand med høy dødelighet. Forekomsten av akutt hjertesvikt er økende og tilgjengelig kunnskap om sykdomsmekanismene samt medisinsk behandling er begrenset.De siste tiår har det vært en revolusjonerende utvikling i behandlingen av og overlevelsen ved iskemisk hjertesykdom og akutt hjerteinfarkt. Tilsvarende utvikling har det ...

    • Lightweight methods, heavyweight organisations. Transforming a small tailored product to a large integrated healthcare information system. 

      Johannessen, Liv Karen (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-09-28)
      The building of large scale information systems in healthcare is a current issue in Norway. Such systems are often built as large systems from the start. This thesis studies another approach: small tailored solutions that grow to become large integrated systems. This thesis adheres to an interpretive research approach, and the empirical material comes from the development of an electronic system for ...

    • Molecular prognostic markers in soft tissue sarcomas 

      Valkov, Andrey Yurjevich (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-09-06)
      Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) is a group of malignant tumors arising from extraskeletal connective tissues. They are rare tumors and show high mortality rates. In our study, we sought to elucidate the prognostic impact of molecular factors participating in regulating tumor cell behaviour from benign to malignant and to unravel the impact of the tissue expression of these factors on patients’ survival. ...

    • Androgen receptor CAG and GGN polymorphisms in vivo and in vitro 

      Skjærpe, Paal André (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-09-21)
      Mannens testosteronnivå påvirkes av genetiske variasjoner i androgenreseptorens lengde selv om sammenhangen er beskjeden. Studier på celler har også vist at den vanligste androgenreseptoren lengden er den mest effektive. I studien Androgen receptor CAG og GGN polymorfier in vivo og in vitro har vi studert sammenhengen mellom genetiske variasjoner i androgenreseptorens lengde og testosteronnivåer ...

    • Omsorgserfaring i tradisjon og moderne omsorgsfilosofi : en hermeneutisk studie av den sykepleiefaglige omsorgserfaringen i lys av Kari Martinsens forfatterskap. 

      Austgard, Kitt Irene Berg (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-10-12)
      Avhandlingen er en fortolkning av den sykepleiefaglige omsorgserfaringen i lys av Kari Martinsens og Ulrikke E. Nissens forfatterskap. Fortolkningen viser at omsorg var integrert i Nissens sykepleietenkning, forankret i den kristne kjærlighet og tro, i fenomener som nestekjærlighet, barmhjertighet, tillit, sannhet og verdighet. I Martinsens tekster trer omsorg og kjærlighet frem som ontologiske ...

    • Structural and biochemical investigation of Metallo-β-lactamases : insights into antibiotic binding sites 

      Naga Pardha Saradhi, Borra (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-09-25)
      The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens and lack of new antibiotics in the pharmaceutical pipeline is seriously limiting our treatment options against common infections. We are now experiencing clinical isolates resistant to virtually all our antibiotics. Our most important and widely used antibiotics, the β-lactams, are challenged by successful β-lactamases. β-lactamases ...

    • Seasonal variation in incidence of acute myocardial infarction and cardiovascular disease risk factors in a subarctic population : the Tromsø Study 

      Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-09-21)
      SAMMENDRAG Årstidsvariasjon med topp om vinteren i akutt hjerteinfarkt insidens og risikofaktorer for hjertekarsykdom er observert i studier verden over. Mange tidligere studier har metodiske begrensninger og få er utført i områder med kaldere klima. Hensikten med denne avhandlingen er å undersøke effekt av årstid og meteorologiske faktorer på insidens av førstegangs hjerteinfarkt samt årstidsvariasjon ...

    • COPD in the elderly : diagnostic criteria, symptoms and smoking. Quantitative and qualitative studies of persons over sixty years of age in The Tromsø studies. 

      Medbø, Astri (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-11-09)
      SUMMARY Smokers benefit from the enjoyment and fellowship smoking brings in the short term, yet may cause diseases and disability later in life. This thesis is about COPD, the spirometry criteria for diagnosis, the predictive value of respiratory symptoms, and smoking and its cessation. Paper 1 and 2 are quantitative, epidemiological studies, which were based on a cross sectional population ...

    • Individual differences in pain and placebo analgesia : the role of fear. 

      Lyby, Peter Solvoll (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-10-16)
      The title of the PhD thesis is “Individual differences in pain and placebo analgesia – the role of fear”. Placebo analgesia refers to the reduction in pain after the administration of an inert treatment with the information that pain will be reduced. Pain reduction is therefore not attributable to the treatment, but to the conscious belief or expectation that the treatment is effective. However, not ...

    • Assignment of mental health diagnoses and severity : effectiveness and reliability of online standardized assessment instruments 

      Brøndbo, Per Håkan (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-09-26)
      During the last decade, child psychiatry has been a focus of the Norwegian government's plan to improve mental health care. Psychiatric assessment of children and adolescents is more complex than that of adults, and rating scales and diagnostic instruments have become increasingly important tools in both research and clinical practice. This dissertation investigates standardized assessment instruments ...

    • Magnetic resonance imaging of pancreatic islets transplantation 

      Evgenov, Natalia Victorovna (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-08-30)
      Transplanted insulin-producing cells can be safely monitored by magnetic resonance imaging Transplantation of insulin-producing cells can treat patients with diabetes. Unfortunately, the long-term effects of this treatment are poor due to non-survival of the majority of the transplanted cells. In our study, we found that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be safely used to trace survival of the ...

    • Nutrients and toxic elements in semidomesticated reindeer in Norway : nutritional and Food Safety Aspects 

      Hassan, Ammar Eltayeb Ali (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-09-28)
      Reinsdyr (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.) er en viktig del av samisk kultur og en viktig bestanddel av samisk tradisjonell kost. Data på rein som næringsmiddel for mennesker har vært mangelfulle i forhold andre husdyr. Hovedmålet med denne avhandlingen var å øke kunnskapen om reinsdyr som matvare for mennesker, for å studere konsentrasjoner av fettsyrer, lipider, vitaminer, essensielle elementer ...

    • Structure and function of Scaptodrosophila lebanonensis alcohol dehydrogenase 

      Yimingjiang, Wuxiuer (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-09-18)
      Originating from a fruit fly species, Drosophilid alcohol dehydrogenases enzymes (DADHs) belong to the Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. Covering a wide range of species, SDR family members show very similar structure and chemical reaction mechanism. In human there are, so fare, at least 24 SDR enzymes that are connected to diseases. Therefore, understanding the function and chemical ...

    • A doctor close at hand : a qualitative analysis of GPs' work in cancer care 

      Johansen, May-Lill (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-08-31)
      Summary of thesis The core of medicine, even specialized and high-tech medicine, is a meeting, a consultation, between a human being asking for advice and another human being, whose knowledge and experience is expected to be helpful. This thesis explores how the suspicion of cancer can arise in such a consultation, how general practitioners (GPs) can contribute to cancer care and how GPs might ...

    • Aspects of experimental cooling and rewarming with special reference to accidental hypothermia 

      Filseth, Ole Magnus (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-08-17)
      Methods and aims We performed open, randomized, placebo-controlled experimental studies in intact, anesthetized pigs with the following main aims: Paper 1 To describe in detail the hemodynamic function with emphasis on left ventricular contractility during surface cooling, steady state severe hypothermia at 25°C, surface rewarming and in the post-hypothermic period of 2 h. Paper 2 1) To ...

    • Plasmids, Resistance and Hospital adaptation in Enterococci : an epidemiological approach 

      Rosvoll, Torill Cathrin Solvær (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-21)
      Sykehustilpassede bakterier er økende motstandsdyktig mot antibiotika Enterokokker (en type bakterier) er en viktig årsak til infeksjoner man kan få når man er innlagt på sykehus. Enterokokkene spesialiserer seg på å leve i sykehusmiljøet og er ofte er motstandsdyktige mot en rekke antibiotika. Disse bakteriene har en stor evne til å utveksle egenskaper seg i mellom, slik som antibiotika resistens. ...

    • LDL apheresis beyond lipid reduction : a study of three different apheresis columns in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and ex vivo 

      Hovland, Anders W. (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-01)
      When low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol cannot be adequately controlled by medications, it is possible to reduce LDL-cholesterol by means of LDL apheresis. This extracorporeal treatment is most often used in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The procedure is known to reduce LDL-cholesterol significantly. Few studies however, have prospectively and systematically examined how different LDL ...

    • Carotid atherosclerosis, vascular risk factors and relation to cognitive test results : the Tromsø study 1994-2008. 

      Arntzen, Kjell Arne (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-19)
      The prevalence of dementia and cognitive impairment is rising worldwide as the number of elderly people increases in most countries. Vascular risk factors and carotid artery atherosclerosis have in some epidemiological studies been associated with increased risk of cognitive decline. The carotid artery is essential for blood supply to the brain, but is also vulnerable to atherosclerosis. The ...

    • Schizophrenia : gender differences in diagnosis and mortality in admitted patients 

      Høye, Anne (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-04)

    • Renal hyperfiltration, impaired fasting glucose and physical exercise in the general population : a cross-sectional study 

      Melsom, Toralf (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-12)
      Kronisk nyresykdom er vanlig og rammer ca 10 % av befolkningen. Forhøyet blodsukker og insulin ser ut til å gi nyreskade mens fysisk trening kan være beskyttende. Unormalt høy renseevne (filtrasjon) i nyrene, såkalt hyperfiltrasjon, er et fenomen som på sikt antas å gi proteinutskillelse i urinen og etter hvert nedsatt filtrasjon, det vil si kronisk nyresykdom. Hvilke faktorer som bidrar til ...