Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak): Nye registreringer
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Prediction of unfavorable outcome in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and assessment of the long-term outcomes in JIA-associated uveitis – A prospective Nordic multicenter study of JIA from childhood to adulthood
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-21)Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic childhood disease with joint inflammation as the main feature. The course and outcomes are heterogeneous with a large span in disease severity. There is increasing evidence that early aggressive treatment may modify the disease course in JIA. Precise determination of disease prognosis is therefore sought to guide early decisions on which children need ... -
Development of a prognostic model for unfavorable outcome after lumbar microdiscectomy
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-11)The aim of this thesis was to develop a prognostic model for unfavorable outcome 12 months after surgical treatment of a lumbar disc herniation (lumbar microdiscectomy). While the surgical procedure is rather uniform, with little technical variation, the reported outcomes are quite heterogenous. This might be due to different expectations by patients, or due to suboptimal surgical indication as ... -
Studies on the Chain of Survival in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-20)<p><i>Background:</i> Sudden death due to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains a major health issue with estimated 250-300.000 cases in Europe/year. Survival after OHCA depends on a well-functioning Chain of Survival. The Chain of Survival concept of early access, early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), early defibrillation and good post-resuscitation care is the documented and recommended ... -
Exploring the roles of TRIM27 and TRIM32 in autophagy
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-21)<p>Tripartite motif family proteins (TRIMs) are a wide family of E3 ligases involved in the control of several cellular processes such as intracellular signaling, innate immunity, transcription, cell cycle regulation and carcinogenesis. In recent years, some members of this family have been found to have a role in autophagy. <p>The central theme of this thesis is the role of two TRIM proteins in ... -
Causes and Consequences of Gender Roles
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-03)This dissertation addresses the pervasive issue of women’s underrepresentation in agentic work and the equally important (but underexamined) issue of men’s underrepresentation in communal unpaid work. First, I review research and identify what conditions need to be met in order for counterstereotypical role models to break down some of the barriers to women’s entry into agentic work (Chapter 2). One ... -
The role of ovarian reserve markers in fertility and fertility treatment
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-05-14)Ovarian reserve is a key component influencing reproductive function and fertility. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) are established quantitative markers of ovarian reserve. The overall aim of this thesis comprising four work packages was to study the role of AMH and AFC on different aspects of fertility and fertility treatment. Their specific objectives were: 1) To ... -
The development journey of an artificial intestinal model predicting oral drug absorption: the mucus-PVPA model
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-04-23)Oral drug administration is the most convenient route to systemically deliver drugs because of its cost-effectiveness, ease of administration and high patient compliance. However, when a drug is orally administered it will be exposed to the different physiological processes and environments found along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which will determine its ability of being absorbed and reach the ... -
We Ran a Hospital. The Norwegian Nurses efforts During the Korean War and the Impact of their Experiences on Norwegian Nursing and Theatre Nursing
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-04-23)<p>During the Korean War (1951-53), Norway operated and staffed a surgical field hospital at the front along the 38th parallel. The Norwegian Mobile Army Surgical Hospital – NORMASH – was a part of the United Nations peace-enforcing force to stop aggression from North-Korea towards South-Korea. <p>NORMASH was staffed only with civilian volunteers. Without any training as a military group or in war ... -
Studies of sleep and seasonal variations in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-04-19)<p><i>Background/aims:</i> Chronic pain is a major health problem, and contributing factors include poor sleep and mental distress. In the subarctic city of Tromsø, clinical impression also suggests worse pain in winter. We aimed to examine whether sleep in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain differs from pain-free controls, and how psychological processes are related to sleep in these groups. ... -
Metacognition and decision-making in schizophrenia: Exploring how aberrant processing and representation of uncertainty may explain cognitive-behavioral biases
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-04-13)The cognitive profile associated with schizophrenia has long been a research subject of interest. A plethora of studies have not only revealed cognitive deficits but also cognitive biases, meaning qualitative deviations in the way information is processed and evaluated. Such biases are for example reflected in findings of diminished metacognitive accuracy, or premature and disadvantageous decision-making. ... -
Biomarkers of major bleeding after incident venous thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-03-23)Major bleeding (MB) events are feared and potentially fatal complications of anticoagulant treatment in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Even though several clinical risk factors are associated with MB risk, the predictive power of currently available risk assessment models remain limited for VTE. The aim of this thesis was to identify biomarkers of MB risk during the first year after an ... -
A biomarker approach to explain high cardiovascular disease burden in Russia: insights from population-based studies in Russia and Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-03-25)Although the problem of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Russia has been the subject of attention for decades, a definitive and comprehensive explanation of why the CVD burden there is so high and generally greater than in many other countries has still not been found. In this thesis, I have attempted to advance research on these issues by examining the role of blood lipids, heart damage biomarkers ... -
mHealth: opportunities and challenges for diabetes intervention research
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-03-12)<p><i>Background:</i> Traditionally, health intervention evaluations provide long-term evidence of efficacy and safety via validated protocols, following a positivist paradigm, or approach, to research. However, modern mobile health (mHealth) technologies develop too quickly and outside of medical regulation, making it challenging for health research to keep pace. <p><i>Objective:</i> This thesis ... -
Hvordan kan universitetet ivareta sitt samfunnsoppdrag: med eksempler fra sykepleierutdanningen i Finnmark
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-03-12)Avhandlingen består av seks artikler basert på studier fra sykepleierutdanning i Finnmark, og belyser ulike aspekter ved sykepleierutdanningens samfunnsoppdrag. Hensikten med artiklene er å bidra til økt kunnskap om urfolksperspektiv, utfordringer som stabilisering og rekruttering av sykepleiere til distriktene, samhandling mellom primær- og spesialisthelsetjeneste, samt pedagogiske tilnærminger ... -
Chronic Pelvic Pain in women. Group based multimodal physical therapy
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-02-26)<p><i>Introduction - </i>The aims of this thesis were (1) to describe the characteristics of women with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) referred for physical therapy after evaluation at a tertiary hospital, (2) to compare group-based multimodal physical therapy (intervention group) with primary care physical therapy (comparator group), and (3) to explore if selected pre-treatment characteristics were ... -
Biocompatibility in low-density lipoprotein apheresis and plasma separation
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-02-12)<p><i>Introduction:</i> Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis is used for the removal of LDL in selected patients and is also used for other medical indications. This thesis aimed to systematically study how different LDL apheresis systems affected the immune system in a biocompatibility perspective under in vivo and ex vivo conditions. <p><i>Methods:</i> Whole blood adsorption, dextran sulfate ... -
Cardiovascular risk factors and incidence of acute myocardial infarction and cerebral stroke in Sami and non-Sami populations — The SAMINOR Study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-02-08)The overall aim of this thesis was to examine and compare cardiovascular risk factors, time-trends in these risk factors, and the incidence of cardiovascular disease in Sami and non-Sami populations living in the same rural geographical area. We used information from the SAMINOR Study, which is a Population-based Study on Health and Living Conditions in Regions with Sami and Norwegian Populations. ... -
Physical Activity and Body Composition in Norwegian Adolescents. Results from The Tromsø Study: Fit Futures
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-02-04)The present thesis has investigated the cross-sectional and prospective associations between self-reported and objectively measured physical activity with five objectively measured indices of body composition in Norwegian adolescents participating in the Tromsø Study Fit: Futures Cohort. The three included papers used regression analyses to assess the cross-sectional association between self-reported ... -
Unraveling nanoscale alterations in liver cell fenestrations - Morphological studies via optical super-resolution microscopy approaches
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-01-22)The endothelium makes up the innermost cell layer of blood vessels. It consists of a thin layer of simple squamous cells, forming an interface between circulating blood and the surrounding tissue. Endothelial cells of different vascular beds are specialized according to tissue-specific functions. For this project emphasis was placed upon high-resolution methods enabling the study of liver sinusoidal ... -
Bacterial Extracellular vesicles and their cargo
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-02-05)<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> are opportunistic pathogens that may cause diseases ranging from minor skin infection to severe blood stream infections. The emergence of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococcal strains severely limits treatment options. Bacteria release extracellular vesicles (EVs), defined as ...